CHEMOSPHERE
·
2023
·
IF 8.8
Xiaoqian Li,Na Zheng,Wenhui Zhang,Siyu Sun,Qirui An,Zimeng Li,Yining Ji,Sujing Wang
Contaminants present in dust adhering to the skin can pose a significant risk to human health through dermal absorption and hand-to-mouth contact. The adhesion capacity of dust differs significantly from that of soil due to its physicochemical properties . Therefore, applying the raw soil exposure parameters to estimate the health risks associated with dermal exposure to dust may lead to erroneous conclusions. In this study, we quantified the maximum amount of dust that adhered to the skin (MAD max ) and the upper limit of dust-skin adherence factor (DSAF max ) in 26 adults using element markers as a proxy for dust. The volunteers were exposed to dust and rinse water samples were collected from their hands, forearms, lower legs, and feet. We analyzed both the raw dust samples and the rinse water samples for 11 element markers, including Be, V, Cr, Mn, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Se, Ba, and Pb. The results showed that the MAD max of indoor dust and outdoor dust increased by 0.08–0.62 mg and 0.33–0.56 mg following a 1 cm 2 increase in skin surface area, respectively. Based on best dust element markers, the body part-weighted dust-skin adherences (WDSAF max s) of indoor dust and outdoor dust were 0.35 and 0.64 mg/cm 2 , respectively. A smaller particle size and higher moisture content resulted in a larger DSAF max . Only when indoor dust concentrations exceed 24.2 mg/m 3 or outdoor dust concentrations exceed 44.3 mg/m 3 , can the WDSAF max be applied directly in the health risk assessment of dermal exposure to dust. The method from this study can be re-applied in different regions, and the adherence data can help to improve future studies on the health effects of dermal exposure to dust.
研究领域:
环境科学
·
公共卫生
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产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
ChemistrySelect
·
2025
·Vol. 10
·期 27
·e02663
·
IF 2
Mehedi Hasan,Baojiang Sun,Litao Chen
Graphical The impact of PTFE grain size and curing temperature on hydrophobicity is investigated in this work. Hydrophobic surfaces are developed using doctor blades, a simple coating technique for complicated structures like oil and gas pipelines. Samples dried at 100–120 °C showed the highest hydrophobicity levels, based on hydrophobicity indicators. The hydrophobic properties of polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), a synthetic fluoropolymer, are widely recognized. Numerous applications exist in the field of hydrophobic, self-cleaning coatings. Researchers used different types of PTFE and heaters to dry the surface at varying temperatures. According to this viewpoint, the study's goal is to investigate how drying temperature and grain size affect the hydrophobicity of surfaces coated with epoxy, fluorosilicone, and PTFE. The coated surfaces that dried at temperatures of 50, 70, 100, 120, and 150 °C, and atmospheric temperature were developed using different grain sizes of PTFE at different concentrations. The hydrophobicity-indicating parameters, like contact angles, real-time contact angles, adhesion work, and adhesion tension, were measured. The results of the study showed that the hydrophobicity of the surface is influenced by the kind of liquid, drying temperature, PTFE content, and grain size. Better results were obtained with a PTFE coating containing 200 nm nanoparticles than with one containing 0.5–1.5 µm microparticles. The samples that were dried between 100 and 120 °C exhibited the highest levels of hydrophobicity, based on the hydrophobicity indicators. Researchers and entrepreneurs are able to develop surfaces that are hydrophobic to clean themselves by employing the research data.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
表面工程
·
高分子科学
·
化学工程
·
纳米技术
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产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
ACS Omega
·
2021
·
IF 3.512
Qiming Zhuo,Wenli Liu,Hongxiang Xu,He Zhang,Xiaopeng Sun
Attachment behavior is a key component of flotation and has a decisive influence on flotation performance, and the experiment research on the attachment between mineral particles and bubbles still needs further research. In this work, a particle–bubble attachment apparatus and multiple target tracking software were developed. Coal particles were used as the subjects, and the effect of particle properties on the attachment performance was studied from the perspective of the particle group. The particle–bubble attachment experiments indicated that the collision position had an effect on the attachment efficiency, and the attachment efficiency decreased with an increase in the collision angle. The efficiency-weighted attachment angle was proposed to quantitatively describe the attachment performance of coal samples. The efficiency-weighted attachment angle of low-density coal samples was greater than that of high-density coal samples. For particles with different sizes, the efficiency-weighted attachment angle of fine particles was greater than that of coarse particles. Furthermore, SDS weakened the attachment performance between coal particles and bubbles via adsorption on the bubble, and the efficiency-weighted attachment angle decreased as the concentration of the SDS solution increased. CTAB adsorbed on coal particles and bubbles, and the efficiency-weighted attachment angle first increased and then decreased with increasing CTAB concentration.
研究领域:
矿物加工工程
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表面化学
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
PROGRESS IN ORGANIC COATINGS
·
2020
·
IF 4.469
Guangmeng Chen,Sichuan Liu,Zhiyong Sun,Shifeng Wen,Tao Feng,Zhufeng Yue
Ice formation and accretion in outdoor equipment is a serious issue and various organogel materials with lubrication surface layer have been used as ice-phobic materials for its low ice adhesion strength . Here, an intrinsic self-healing organogel based on dynamic polymer network with self-regulated secretion of surface liquid is prepared by adding silicone oil to reversible crosslinked network. The prepared organogels present a faster self-healing process compared to material with no silicone oil that the scratch can be repaired within several hours in scratch test. Liquid secretion phenomenon is observed by recovery of water sliding angle after removing surface oil layer by water impacting, which confirmed the self-regulated secretion of inner liquid. Ice adhesion test shows that the organogel surface has a low ice adhesion strength (14.3 ± 1.6 KPa for PDMS-UI-80) during continuous icing/deicing process. The novel organogels provide a new idea to produce durable ice-phobic material with self-healing and self-regulated secretion properties.
研究领域:
材料科学
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高分子化学
·
表面工程
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产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
RADIATION PHYSICS AND CHEMISTRY
·
2012
·
IF 1.227
Desheng Su,Wenqi Niu,Sheng Liu,Chengyin Shen,Chaoqun Huang,Hongmei Wang,Haihe Jiang,Yannan Chu
Photoemission electron attachment ion mobility spectrometry (PE-EA-IMS), with a source of photoelectrons induced by vacuum ultraviolet radiation on a metal surface , has been developed to study electron attachment reaction at atmospheric pressure using nitrogen as the buffer gas . Based on the negative ion mobility spectra, the rate constants for electron attachment to tetrachloromethane and chloroform were measured at ambient temperature as a function of the average electron energy in the range from 0.29 to 0.96 eV. The experimental results are in good agreement with the data reported in the literature.
研究领域:
物理化学
·
分析化学
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产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
REACTIVE & FUNCTIONAL POLYMERS
·
2022
·
IF 4.966
Beiping Dong,Ziang Li,Juncheng Liu,Lifang Nie
Coating antireflection film on the surface of glass cover is one of the important methods to improve the photoelectric conversion efficiency of solar cells. Sol-gel method is suitable for low cost and large area preparation of antireflection film. However, most of antireflective films prepared with sol-gel have not enough good mechanical properties , and their applications are restricted. A porous antireflection film was prepared with sol-gel, where the polyethylene glycol monomethyl ether (mPEG) was used as the porogen . The effects of the mPEG additive amount were investigated on the microstructure and properties of the film. The results showed that the transmittance of the film (the coated glass) first increases and then decreases with the increase of the amount of mPEG. When the amount of mPEG is 0.6 g, the average transmittance of the film in the wavelength range of 380–1100 nm is the highest, higher than that of glass substrate by 4.2 percentage points. The adhesion of the film reaches grade 0 and the hardness is greater than 9H. The efficiency of monocrystalline silicon solar cells could be increased from 11.65% to 12.04%, by a relative increase of 3.35%
研究领域:
材料科学
·
太阳能技术
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产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
Materials
·
2023
·Vol. 16
·期 24
·7576
·
IF 3.4
Tianlei Chen,Rong Zhong,Zhengjie Wang
In this study, a hydrophobic, wear-resistant ultraviolet (UV)-curable coating was investigated as an alternative to traditional coatings with low hardness and high susceptibility to scratching. The SiO2nanoparticles were ground and modified using high-energy ball milling, during which the surface energy of nano-SiO2particles rapidly increased as their particle size decreased. Different proportions of modified nano-SiO2particles were added to the coating and cured into a film. The structure of the composite coating was analyzed via infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and X-ray diffraction, which confirmed the successful preparation of the composite coating. The mechanical and optical property tests of the coating were investigated. With a 5% nano-SiO2content, the hardness of the coating reached 5H, whereas the adhesion was poor (2B), and the flexibility was 1. The overall comprehensive performance of the coating was best when the addition amount was 3%. The coating exhibited good hardness, flexibility, and adhesion. The hardness of the coating reached 4H, the adhesion was 4B, the flexibility was 5, the coating haze was 12.38 HZ, and the contact angle was 118°.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
表面工程
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产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces
·
2023
·
IF 9.5
Haichao Cao,Yue Chen,Zhigang Qian,Tingjie Huang,Nan Zou,Daxia Zhang,Wei Mu,Beixing Li,Feng Liu
The foliar loss of pesticides causes serious utilization decline and environmental risk. On the basis of biomimetics, pesticide-loaded microcapsules (MCs) with spontaneous deformation on foliar micro/nanostructures, like the snail suction cup, are prepared by interfacial polymerization. By controlling the usage or types of small alcohols in the MC preparation system, the flexibility of MCs is tunable. Through the investigation of emulsions and MC structures, we discover that the migration and distribution of small alcohols driven by amphiphilicity affect the process of interfacial polymerization between polyethylene glycol and 4,4-methylenediphenyl diisocyanate. By hydrophobic modification of the polymer and competition for oil monomers of small alcohols, the thickness and compactness of shells are reduced, whereas the density of the core is increased. As a result of the regulation in structures, the flexibility of MCs is improved significantly. In particularly, the MCs-N-pentanol (0.1 mol kg–1) with the best flexibility show strong scouring resistance on varied foliar structures, sustained release property on the air/solid interface, and persistent control effect against foliar diseases. The pesticide-loaded soft MCs provide an effective way to improve pesticide foliar utilization.
研究领域:
农学
·
材料科学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
POLYMER
·
2025
·
IF 4.5
Yanmei Zhu,Chao Zhou,Li Liu,Guangfeng Wu
A new crosslinker, terminal amine-based polybenzimidazole (PBI–4NH 2 ), was made by molecular structure design. The structure of PBI-4NH 2 is characterized by –NH 2 , which can interact with –NCO in aqueous polyurethane systems to form a crosslinking network in the main chain of WPUs efficiently. The PBI-4NH 2 contains five benzene rings, which can significantly improve the overall performance of WPUs. The impact of incorporating PBI-4NH 2 on the thermal resistance, hydrophobicity, and adhesion properties of WPU was examined. The enhancement of PBI-4NH 2 concentration in the WPU system markedly elevated the thermal stability of the coatings, as evidenced by the rise in the T50 % decomposition temperature from 374.1 °C to 394.6 °C. The system's water resistance was markedly enhanced, achieving a maximum water contact angle of 91.1° and a reduction in water absorption rate to 4.79 %. The film's peel strength rose to 3.53 N/mm, while the adhesion attained 1.24 MPa. The novel formulation demonstrated superior overall performance and offered significant reference value for the practical application of aqueous polyurethane coatings.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
化学工程
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
PROGRESS IN ORGANIC COATINGS
·
2016
·
IF 2.632
Mingdong Yu,Faqian Liu,Fanglin Du
Polysiloxane coatings prepared by pre-hydrolysis/condensation of methyltrimethoxysilane (MTMS), etraethoxysilane (TEOS), methyltriethoxysilane (MTES) and polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) in the presence of acid solution were presented in this paper in order to explore their potential use as protective and self-cleaning agents for car surface. The hardness and adhesion on the substrate properties of coatings were thoroughly examined by pencil hardness tester and adhesion tester. Contact angle meter was used to measure the hydrophobic angle properties of coatings. All the properties of coatings were related closely to the composition of coating and the hydrolysis degree of organoalkoxysilane. We found that the Scratch hardness can be improved by the controlling of TEOS quality ratio and acidity conditions, while more dosage of MTMS, MTES and PDMS favor raising the hydrophobic angle. Excellent adhesion property of paint coat was obtained with the presence of γ -(2,3-epoxypropoxy) propytrimethoxysilane (KH-560). Whatever, the best self-cleaning coatings with excellent hardness and adhesion on the substrate was sample A4 synthesized by a sol–gel process of low-cost organoalkoxysilane, prepared at the quality ratio of (MTMS):(TEOS):(MTES):(PDMS):(KH-560) of 8:7:4:4:4 and water-to-precursor quality ratio of 1:7. Finally, ambient-curable self-cleaning coating suitable for large area application was obtained. The scratch hardness and adhesion strength of the coatings was 3H and 0 after hardening with a high speed, respectively. The contact angle after UV aging of the coating was 92°. The transmittance of the coating exceeded 98.5%. Meanwhile, the coating has good resistance to solvent and weather resistance.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
表面化学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
Advanced Science
·
2022
·Vol. 9
·期 12
·2105742
·
IF 17.521
Ke Li,Xingjie Zan,Chen Tang,Zhuangzhuang Liu,Jianghuan Fan,Gang Qin,Jia Yang,Wei Cui,Lin Zhu,Qiang Chen
Repeatability and high adhesion toughness are usually contradictory for common polymer adhesives. Repeatability requires temporary interactions between the adhesive and the substrate, while high adhesion toughness is usually achieved by permanent bonding. Integrating these two features into one adhesive system is still a daunting challenge. Here, the development of a series of viscoelastic elastomers composed of a soft and hard segment is reported, which exhibit tough, instant, yet repeatable adhesion to a variety of soft and hard surfaces. Such a combination of mutually exclusive properties is attributed to the synergy of high mobility of polymer chains and massive viscoelastic dissipation of the elastomers around the interface. By optimizing the relaxation time and mechanical dissipation, the resulting adhesives can achieve a tough yet repeatable adhesion toughness above 2000 J m −2 , superior to the best-in-class commercial adhesives. Numerous acrylate monomers are proven applicable to the preparation of such adhesives, validating the universality of the fabrication method. The application of these elastomers as adhesive and protective layers in soft electronics by virtue of their universal and tough adhesion to various soft and hard substrates is also demonstrated.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
化学工程
·
软电子学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE
·
2024
·Vol. 80
·期 8
·3884-3892
·
IF 3.8
Sijia Zhang,Zhenggang Xiao
BACKGROUNDS Pesticides have been widely applied to promote plant growth due to their high insecticidal efficiency. However, most pesticides easily slip from the leaf surface due to the low foliar adhesion, leading to significant damage to the environment and human health. Increasing foliar adhesion of pesticides has been a major challenge. Nanomaterial technology, which can deliver pesticide active ingredients, offers a new opportunity to increase pesticides efficacy with higher foliar adhesion. RESULTS In this study, we prepared the pesticide loaded nanohydrogel ALP@Ge-g-P(AA-co-AM)/ATP by grafting attapulgite and gelatin onto P(AA-co-AM), and loading the pesticide alphacypermethrin synchronously via the emulsion solvent evaporation method. The size of the new nanohydrogel was 20.5 nm and the pesticide loading capacity was 21.5%. Compared to P(AA-co-AM), the water absorbency of Ge-g-P(AA-co-AM)/ATP increased by 54.3% in 120 min, while the water retention increased from 4.27% to 38.7% after 48 h. Washout experiments and contact angle results suggested that the nanohydrogel, with a contact angle of 44.8° indicating good wettability, can resist rain flush and increase foliar adhesion naturally. CONCLUSIONS Overall, the preparation of pesticide loaded nanohydrogel is simple. Experiments demonstrated the pesticide loaded nanohydrogel has high efficiency and strong foliar adhesion. This makes it a promising candidate for spraying application and reducing pollution levels. © 2024 Society of Chemical Industry.
研究领域:
农业科学
·
材料科学
·
环境科学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
危险品化学品经营许可证（带存储）