JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL AND BIOMEDICAL ANALYSIS
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2025
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IF 3.1
Junran Mao,Hongyan Ma,Jinsong Zhou,Lin Chen,Xinxin Chen,Jincai Wang,Zhengjin Jiang,Tingting Zhang
An efficient and rapid supercritical fluid chromatography (SFC) method was established for the analysis of flavonoids in Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium (CRP), the best conditions were obtained by optimizing the parameters of the SFC method. The peak area obtained by SFC analysis of CRP samples, combined with chemical pattern recognition, was used to establish a model to evaluate the quality of Guang Chenpi (GCP) and Chenpi (CP) in CRP. Partial least squares discriminant analysis (PLS-DA) proved to be an excellent method that can accurately distinguish GCP from CP. The PLS-DA model was established by selecting the training set, and the characteristic components (Didymin and Hesperidin) were screened out to further establish the model, and the testing sets were brought into the model for verification, indicating that the model established based on the peak areas is reliable, and two quality markers (Narirutin and Neohesperidin) were found to distinguish between Xinhui and Non-Xinhui in GCP based on the content determination. In conclusion, the combination of SFC and chemical pattern recognition for the quality evaluation of CRP has great potential.
研究领域:
中药学
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分析化学
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DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF CHROMATOGRAPHY B-ANALYTICAL TECHNOLOGIES IN THE BIOMEDICAL AND LIFE SCIENCES
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2019
·
IF 2.813
Shang-Zhen Li,Xiang-Ming Guan,Zhao Gao,Hong-Ci Lan,Qiang Yin,Chu Chu,De-Po Yang,E-Hu Liu,Ping Zhou
Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium (CRP), the dried pericarp of Citrus reticulata Blanco, can be divided into “Guangchenpi” (GCP, the dried pericarps derived from Citrus reticulata ‘Chachi’) and “Chenpi” (CP, the dried pericarps derived from other cultivars of Citrus reticulata Blanco). To discriminate between GCP and CP, a simple and reliable high-performance thin-layer chromatography (HPTLC) method was firstly developed to analyze the volatile compound dimethyl anthranilate , and a high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method was established to simultaneously quantify dimethyl anthranilate and three predominant flavonoids (hesperidin, nobiletin and tangeretin) in CRP samples. Both the HPTLC analysis and HPLC-orthogonal partial least squares discrimination analysis (OPLS-DA) indicated that GCP can be effectively distinguished from CP based on analysis of dimethyl anthranilate. Our results indicated that dimethyl anthranilate can be used as a marker compound for discrimination of GCP and CP. This work provided a convenient approach which might be applied for quality evaluation of CRP.
研究领域:
中药学
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分析化学
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DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
MICROCHEMICAL JOURNAL
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2025
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IF 5.1
Meng-ling Peng,Ying-ying Zhan,Li-fen Cao,Anastassiya V. Gadetskaya,Kai-jing Yu,Jing Zhang,Xiao-hui Qiu,Zhi-hai Huang,Wen Xu
Naturally aged GCP (peel of Citrus reticulata ‘ChaChi’) is a traditional medicine and food ingredient in China. Extensive studies have explored how the aging process affects the chemical and biological properties. In the present study, we used a rigorous sample collection protocol in which GCP were annually collected from a single citrus orchard and aged for 1 to 6 years in a sample warehouse for natural aging. A global chemical investigation was conducted using GC–MS and UHPLC-Orbitrap-MS, identifying 37 volatile and 112 non-volatile chemicals. Volatile terpenes and flavonoid glycosides metabolized into other constituents during aging via oxidation and hydrolysis. The contents of 55 major targets and pseudotargeted metabolomics analysis revealed distinct variation trends in polymethoxyflavones (PMFs) and limonoids. Antioxidant assays of volatile and non-volatile extracts indicated that four-year GCP samples exhibit the best antioxidant activity. The accumulation of terpenoid alcohols and sesquiterpenes, but not terpenes, presented significant positive correlations with antioxidant activity. For non-volatile constituents, PMFs and limonoids displayed significant positive correlations with antioxidant activity. RAW 264.7 cell test showed that all samples demonstrated moderate anti-inflammatory effects, and total PMFs correlated positively with anti-inflammatory activity. This study enhances understanding of the aging mechanism of GCP and establishes a rationale for its practical application.
研究领域:
植物化学
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药理学
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食品科学
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DOI
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF FOOD COMPOSITION AND ANALYSIS
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2021
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IF 4.556
Yitian Zhu,Yan Zhu,Xinyu Liu,Jin Qi
Citri Reticulatae ‘Chachi,’ also called “Guang Chen pi” (GCP), is a geoherb of Citri reticulatae pericarpium(CRP), mainly produced in Xinhui, Guangdong, China. It has been a food and traditional medicine for thousands of years. GCPs are popular green food, and can be divided into three picking times and different aging periods according to edible quality. Despite many pharmaceutical studies, there is little information on edible differences among GCP types. The dynamic changes in dietary value for different aging and picking times were investigated through quantifying polyphenols, soluble proteins, ascorbic acid , reducing sugars, polysaccharides , and β -carotene. The browning index (BI) and pH were also measured. Comprehensive analysis results showed that nutrient contents in brownish and reddish peels were close, and higher than in green peel. With aging time, ascorbic acid and β -carotene decreased, while dissolution of polysaccharides, polyphenols, and proteins increased, likely contributing to the aroma change. At the same time, pH of the system gradually decreased, but BI increased. Mathematical path analysis of related substrates and BI showed the greatest correlation of polyphenols with BI. The browning mechanism likely started with ascorbic acid degradation that caused reduced antioxidation, contributing to further reaction of polyphenols with other compounds to produce browning.
研究领域:
食品科学
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植物学
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DOI
高影响因子
FOOD CHEMISTRY
·
2024
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IF 8.5
Xue Wang,Zhipeng Su,Xiang Li,Jiaxu Chen,Gaoyang Li,Yang Shan,Zhaoping Pan,Fuhua Fu
Dried citrus peel (DCP), also called “Chen Pi”, has edible and medicinal value. However, the specific differences among various sources remain unknown. Herein, we collected six DCP species, namely, one Citrus reticulata ‘Chachi’ (CZG) and five Citrus reticulata Blanco (CRB). Targeted high-performance liquid chromatography and untargeted ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry were employed to comprehensively compare the phenolic compounds and metabolites in DCP. Interestingly, 13 different phenolic compounds were noted in DCP. The total phenolic compound content in all CRB samples (58.86–127.65 mg/g) was higher than that of CZG (39.47 mg/g). Untargeted metabolomic revealed 1495 compounds, with 115 differentially expressed metabolites for CRBs and CZG, particularly flavonoids (38), terpenoids (15), and phenolic acids and derivatives (9). Lastly, antioxidant assays revealed that all CRB samples exhibited higher antioxidant activities compared with CZG. Therefore, our study results provide a theoretical basis for the high-value utilization of citrus peels and their metabolites.
研究领域:
植物学
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食品科学
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药理学
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DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
Food & Function
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2018
·Vol. 9
·期 11
·5880-5890
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IF 3.289
Xiuling Tang,Huanhuan Zhao,Wei Jiang,Song Zhang,Shun Guo,Xiaobo Gao,Peng Yang,Lei Shi,Linna Liu
Dry citrus peel (Chenpi) is not only consumed as a dietary supplement, but also used for the treatment of respiratory diseases. Pinelliae Rhizoma Praeparatum (Banxia) is always used with Chenpi for the treatment of respiratory diseases, but β-sitosterol, the main active component in Banxia, as a food additive, shows no respiratory system activity. In the present study, the pharmacokinetic characters showed that the absorption of the active components of Chenpi was accelerated under pathological conditions combined with Banxia. Although the bioavailability of active components did not significantly change, the distribution of active components in tissues increased, particularly in the target organ. These results are consistent with the combination of Chenpi with β-sitosterol. Furthermore, the pharmacodynamics result also indicated that Chenpi combined with Banxia or β-sitosterol was able to ameliorate histopathologic damage and decrease the levels of inflammatory factors. The results suggest that pharmacokinetic interactions improve the pharmacological activity of Chenpi in respiratory diseases.
研究领域:
药理学
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中药学
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DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
FOOD RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL
·
2023
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IF 8.1
Xiaomin Cao,Kaixin Shi,Yang Xu,Peipei Zhang,Hongyan Zhang,Siyi Pan
The benefits of citrus herbs are strongly associated with their secondary metabolites. In the study, we conducted widely-targeted metabolomics and ultra-high performance liquid chromatography (UPLC) to compare the variability of ingredients in four citrus herbs. In total, we discovered 1126 secondary metabolites, primarily comprising flavonoids, phenolic acids, lignans and coumarins, and alkaloids. Differential metabolites of citrus herbs were searched by multivariate statistical analysis. Notably, Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium contained higher levels of flavonoids, while Zhique and Huajuhong demonstrated a greater abundance of coumarins. Among the flavonoids determined by UPLC, Guangchenpi demonstrated significantly elevated levels of polymethoxyflavones (tangeretin and nobiletin) compared to other citrus herbs. Additionally, we determined their antioxidant capacity (Chenpi > Guangchenpi > Huajuhong > Zhique) using in vitro assays. Finally, we utilized network pharmacology to explore the antioxidant mechanisms and potential pharmacological ingredients, providing a basis for future preventive and therapeutic applications of these metabolites.
研究领域:
药理学
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代谢组学
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植物科学
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生物化学
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网络分析
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DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
Biomed Research International
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2022
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IF 3.246
Shisheng Jiang,Chaoming Huang,Shulin Wang,Biyun Huang,Dan Wu,Guodong Zheng,Yi Cai
Objective. Through a network pharmacology method, we screened the main active compounds of Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium (CRP), constructed a drug-ingredient-disease-target network, explored the molecular mechanism of its treatment of myocardial hypertrophy, and validated it by using molecular biology approach. Methods. Traditional Chinese Medicine Systems Pharmacology (TCMSP) and GeneCards were utilised to collect the effective component in CRP and the targets of CRP and myocardial hypertrophy. The STRING database constructed the protein interaction network. The drug-ingredient-disease-target network was outlined by the Cytoscape 3.9.0 software. The Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment analyses were conducted using the Metascape database. Real-time PCR (RT-PCR) and Western blotting were utilised to determine the mRNA and protein level of the critical targets of CRP therapy for myocardial hypertrophy. Results. We found that five practical components of CRP exerted therapeutic effects on myocardial hypertrophy by modulating 41 targets. Further analysis revealed that naringenin was the essential active compound in CRP that regulated myocardial hypertrophy. In addition, we showed that the active compounds of CRP might exert antihypertrophy effects via regulating essential target proteins such as AKT1-, MAPK3-, PPARA-, PPARG-, and ESR1-mediated signaling pathways such as cell proliferation, nuclear receptor activation, and oxidative stress. The molecular biology experiments demonstrated that naringenin inhibited the mRNA level of NPPA and NPPB induced by Ang II and regulated related targets such as AKT1, MAPK3, PPARA, PPARG, and ESR1. Conclusion. CRP could inhibit myocardial hypertrophy through multitarget and multiapproach.
研究领域:
药理学
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分子生物学
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中医药学
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心脏病学
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DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
CARBOHYDRATE RESEARCH
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2021
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IF 2.104
Ting Zhou,Wei Guo,Shengchao Ren,Yuming Li,Jinming Wu,Bao Yang
The peel of Citrus reticulate ‘Chachiennsis’ (Chachi) is a well-known functional food with multiple health benefits in Asia. There is an old saying “the longer time Chachi is stored, the better health benefits it has”. Is it convincible? What are the critical bioactive compounds in Chachi? To answer these questions, gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and ultrahigh performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS) were used to qualify and quantify the flavonoid glycosides and other bioactive compounds of Chachi with storage time of 5–20 years. Limonene was the representative volatile compound . The level of most volatile compounds decreased along with storage. Sixteen flavonoids glycosides and twenty flavonoids were identified. Nobiletin , hesperitin, tetramethoxy flavone and pentamethoxy flavone were characteristic bioactive compounds for Chachi. Most of them accumulated during 10-year storage, thereafter decreased. Ten years could be the optimal storage time. These results indicated that the old saying should be corrected.
研究领域:
食品科学
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植物化学
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DOI
高影响因子
Frontiers in Immunology
·
2021
·
IF 7.561
Lu Hanqi,You Yanting,Zhou Xinghong,He Qiuxing,Wang Ming,Chen Liqian,Zhou Lin,Sun Xiaomin,Liu Yanyan,Jiang Pingping,Dai Jiaojiao,Fu Xiuqiong,Kwan Hiu Yee,Zhao Xiaoshan,Lou Linjie
Background: Studies have shown that gut microbe disorder in mice due to early-life antibiotic exposure promotes glycolipid metabolism disorder in adulthood. However, the underlying mechanism remains unclear and there is not yet an effective intervention or treatment for this process.Purpose: The study investigated whether early-life azithromycin (AZT) exposure in mice could promote high-fat diet (HFD)-induced glycolipid metabolism disorder in adulthood. Moreover, the effect of citrus reticulata pericarpium (CRP) extract on glycolipid metabolism disorder via regulation of gut microbiome in mice exposed to antibodies early in life were investigated.Methods and Results: Three-week-old mice were treated with AZT (50 mg/kg/day) via drinking water for two weeks and then were fed a CRP diet (1% CRP extract) for four weeks and an HFD for five weeks. The results showed that early-life AZT exposure promoted HFD-induced glycolipid metabolism disorder, increased the levels of inflammatory factors, promoted the flora metabolism product trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO), and induced microbial disorder in adult mice. Importantly, CRP extract mitigated these effects.Conclusion: Taken together, these findings suggest that early-life AZT exposure increases the susceptibility to HFD-induced glycolipid metabolism disorder in adult mice, and CRP extract can decrease this susceptibility by regulating gut microbiome.
研究领域:
药理学
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微生物学
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营养学
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代谢学
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DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
Foods
·
2025
·Vol. 14
·期 10
·1825
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IF 5.1
Jiawei Zhao,Xueling Qin,Ying Liu,Qingyun He,Junwei Qin,Fei Shen,Zhenqiang Wu
Chenpi extracts (CPEs) are highly valued for their rich bioactive compounds and distinctive aromatic properties, but their environmental sensitivity poses stability challenges in food applications. In this study, CPE microcapsules were fabricated using corn peptide as the wall material, and the functional properties of spray-dried microcapsules (SDMCs) and freeze-dried microcapsules (FDMCs) were systematically characterized and compared. The results demonstrate that SDMCs exhibit superior characteristics compared to FDMCs, including reduced moisture content, lower hygroscopicity, enhanced solubility, smaller particle size, and a more uniform microstructure. Both FDMCs and SDMCs showed excellent thermal stability. The SDMCs of CPE encapsulated 93.45% of flavonoids, 90.35% of polyphenols, and 81.32% of sugars from the CPE, while also demonstrating exceptional retention of key terpene volatile compounds, particularly D-limonene (44.63%), γ-terpinene (45.18%), and β-myrcene (40.17%). In contrast, FDMCs exhibited stronger retention of alcohol-based volatile compounds. Furthermore, SDMCs displayed higher antioxidant and hypoglycemic activities, along with improved storage stability. In vitro digestion results reveal that SDMCs provide enhanced protection for CPE flavonoids and polyphenols, achieving bioaccessibility rates of 95.64% and 94.57%, respectively. These findings offer a theoretical basis for optimizing the drying processes in CPE microencapsulation, striking a balance between functional properties and flavor preservation for advanced food applications.
研究领域:
食品科学
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生物技术
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产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
FOOD CHEMISTRY
·
2019
·
IF 5.399
Huijuan Zhang,Jiefen Cui,Guifang Tian,Christina DiMarco-Crook,Wei Gao,Chengying Zhao,Genyuan Li,Yunhe Lian,Hang Xiao,Jinkai Zheng
Dried tangerine peel (DTP) is an excellent plant resource that has been used as ingredients for both food and traditional Chinese medicine. In this study, the efficiency of four different dietary preparation methods (i.e. soaking, boiling, steaming, and ethanol extraction) in extraction of functional compounds (i.e. flavonoids and essential oil constituents) from DTP was evaluated systematically for the first time. To conduct a comprehensive evaluation of the extraction of the functional compounds, a synthetic evaluation model based on a weighting method was established. The optimum conditions of each dietary preparation method (e.g., time, temperature, solid-liquid ratio, etc.) were determined by response surface methodology . Ethanol extraction showed the best extraction efficiency, followed by soaking, boiling, and steaming. Additionally, different DTP extracts were shown to be clearly distinguished by electronic eye and electronic tongue. This research provides essential findings for the effective dietary instruction of DTP consumption.
研究领域:
食品科学
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中医
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植物化学
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产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
危险品化学品经营许可证（带存储）