EUROPEAN POLYMER JOURNAL
·
2022
·
IF 5.546
Mifa Chen,Wuhua Chen,Yefei Wang,Mingchen Ding,Zhenyu Zhang,Dongdong Liu,Dihao Mao
With the gradual exploitation and consumption of conventional petroleum resources, heavy oil is considered as one of the alternative resources for energy supply. The key to the development of heavy oil is to reduce its viscosity. Herein, an amphiphilic polymer named PTVR was synthesized, which showed satisfactory viscosity reduction and recovery of heavy oil. The PTVR was copolymerized by acrylamide (AM), sodium p-styrenesulfonate (SSS) and two functional monomers lauryl methacrylate (LMA) and methyl-2-urea-4[1H]-pyrimidinone (MAUPy). P(AMS), P(ALS) with only one functional monomer, and P(AS) without functional monomer were also synthesized in order to study the effect of functional monomer on polymer properties. The structure of PTVR was identified by 1 H NMR, FT-IR, and TGA. The wettability, interfacial activity between heavy oil and PTVR, and viscosity reduction of heavy oil by PTVR were studied and compared with other three polymers. The results show that PTVR has more excellent properties. This is benefit by the synergistic effect of functional monomers MAUPy and LMA. MAUPy is a typical quadruple hydrogen-bonded monomer. It has the ability to insert into the lamellar aggregates of asphaltenes or resins, weakening or reorganizing the original hydrogen bond interaction. The LMA with long alkyl chain increases the affinity between polymer and heavy oil, which makes the polymer easier to emulsify heavy oil. The viscosity reduction rate of PTVR for heavy oil reached 92.4%, while P(AMS), P(ALS) and P(AS) were 82.8%, 80.7% and 67.2%, respectively. Furthermore, the sand-pack flooding experiment also confirmed that PTVR increased the recovery rate of heavy oil by 14.9%, while the control group was 11.7%, 10.7% and 8.6%, respectively. The application of the amphiphilic polymer PTVR has theoretical significance for enhancing heavy oil recovery.
研究领域:
石油工程
·
材料科学
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产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
Catalysts
·
2022
·Vol. 12
·期 11
·1383
·
IF 4.501
Wangyuan Zhang,Qi Li,Yongfei Li,Sanbao Dong,Sen Peng,Gang Chen
At present, the research on aquathermolysis catalysts mainly focuses on the catalytic effect of external catalysts on the reaction, ignoring the fact that external catalysts will form complexes with in situ inorganic minerals after entering the reservoir. In this paper, we investigated the effects of transition metal complexes as external catalysts and bentonite as in situ catalysts on aquathermolysis, respectively. Meanwhile, the aquathermolysis reaction co-catalyzed by external and in situ catalysts was further investigated. The results show that the transition metal complexes exhibited good co-catalysis with bentonite. The viscosity reduction rate can reach 73.47% at 200 °C and 4 h with 0.1 wt.% of catalyst (NAD–Zn) addition. The addition of ethanol under the same reaction conditions will further increase the viscosity reduction rate to 84.59%. The results of thermogravimetric analysis, component analysis and boiling range analysis of heavy oil show that the heavy components in heavy oil are cracked into light components after the aquathermolysis. The results of elemental analysis show that the heteroatoms in the heavy oil were removed and the quality of the crude oil was improved. The results of GC–MS analysis of the model compounds showed that the process of aquathermolysis was mainly through the cleavage of C–C, C–N and C–S bonds to crack the macromolecules into small molecules, and then achieve the effect of viscosity reduction. The main mechanism of catalyst action is the acidic center on the surface of the bentonite and the coordination bonds formed by the transition metal complexes with the heteroatoms.Keywords:heavy oil;catalytic aquathermolysis;viscosity reduction;co-catalyst;ethanol;mechanism
研究领域:
石油工程
·
催化化学
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
INDUSTRIAL & ENGINEERING CHEMISTRY RESEARCH
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2018
·
IF 3.141
Qi Li,Xiao-Dong Wang,Qiu-Ye Li,Jian-Jun Yang,Zhi-Jun Zhang
A new amphiphilic polymer was synthesized by allowing polyethylenimine to react with benzyl bromide, and it was used as an emulsifier for the viscosity reduction of Shengli extra heavy crude oil. The hydrophilicity/hydrophobicity of the polymer can be easily regulated by changing the number of grated benzyl on the polymer. The formation of a stable oil-in-water (O/W) emulsion depends on the hydrophilicity of the polymer, the oil-to-water mass ratio, the emulsifier concentration, and temperature. The polymers with higher hydrophile–lipophile balance values can induce forming stable Shengli heavy oil-in-water emulsions with low viscosities of less than 100 mPa·s at 50 °C. The addition of the required amount of emulsifier can greatly decrease the oil–water interfacial tension and form small O/W droplets, thereby leading to the viscosity reduction of the oil.
研究领域:
化学工程
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材料科学
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石油工程
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
Canadian Journal of Chemistry
·
2023
·Vol. 101
·期 6
·
IF 1.1
Langman Xing,Hongping Quan,Jinyang Zhao,Xiaomei Huang
The viscosity of the heavy oil was closely correlated with its own resin content by comparing three types of crude oil. In this paper, two novel viscosity reducers with characteristic groups in molecular structures were synthesized for Xinjiang heavy oil, namely viscosity reducer 1 (VR-1) and viscosity reducer 2 (VR-2), both of them showed the better viscosity reduction effect on Xinjiang heavy oil and VR-2 was better than VR-1. The measurement results of ultraviolet-visible spectrophotometer and scanning electron microscope showed that the VR-2 had better separation effect for resin than the VR-1. By analyzing the infrared spectrum results of resin molecule, it could be seen that the resin molecule contained more heteroatoms, which could more easily form the stronger hydrogen bonding with VR-2 with more polar groups to result the better resin dispersion effect. Hence, the phenomenon that VR-1 was not as good as VR-2 in improving fluidity of Xinjiang heavy oil was explained.
研究领域:
石油化学
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分子生物学
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
Polymers
·
2023
·Vol. 15
·期 14
·3139
·
IF 5
Junqi Wang,Ruiqing Liu,Bo Wang,Zhigang Cheng,Chengkun Liu,Yiwen Tang,Junfeng Zhu
Heavy oil exploitation needs efficient viscosity reducers to reduce viscosity, and polyether carboxylate viscosity reducers have a significant viscosity reduction effect on heavy oil. Previous work has studied the effect of different side chain lengths on this viscosity reducer, and now a series of polyether carboxylate viscosity reducers, including APAD, APASD, APAS, APA, and AP5AD (the name of the viscosity reducer is determined by the name of the desired monomer), with different electrical properties have been synthesized to investigate the effect of their different electrical properties on viscosity reduction performance. Through the performance tests of surface tension, contact angle, emulsification, viscosity reduction, and foaming, it was found that APAD viscosity reducers had the best viscosity reduction performance, reducing the viscosity of heavy oil to 81 mPa·s with a viscosity reduction rate of 98.34%, and the worst viscosity reduction rate of other viscosity reducers also reached 97%. Additionally, APAD viscosity reducers have the highest emulsification rate, and the emulsion formed with heavy oil is also the most stable. The net charge of APAD was calculated from the molar ratio of the monomers and the total mass to minimize the net charge. While the net charge of other surfactants was higher. It shows that the amount of the surfactant’s net charge affects the surfactant’s viscosity reduction effect, and the smaller the net charge of the surfactant itself, the better the viscosity reduction effect.
研究领域:
石油工程
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化学工程
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
COMPLEXITY
·
2021
·
IF 2.833
Zhenfu Ma,Kai Zhang,Mengjie Zhao,Lu Liu,Chao Zhong,Jian Wang
In view of the problems of low permeability, high oil viscosity and freezing point, and low productivity of single well in Luo 321 and Luo 36 blocks of Luojia Oilfield, the chemical viscosity-reducing cold production technology was studied. By analyzing the properties of crude oil, it is concluded that the reason for high viscosity and high freezing point is the high content of asphaltene, pectin, and wax. The viscosity is mainly affected by asphaltene; the wax precipitation point and pour point are mainly affected by the wax; and the solidification point is affected by the wax and asphaltene. The treatment idea of reducing viscosity and inhibiting wax is determined. By compounding the synthetic pour point depressant POA-VA and the viscosity reducer DBD-DOPAMA, the effect of reducing the viscosity and freezing point of crude oil was evaluated. PD-7 (POA-VA 40%, DBD-DOPAMA 50%, and P-10C 10%) system was selected as the optimal formula. When the concentration of the system is 10%, the viscosity reduction rate reaches 95.2%; the freezing point can reduce by 10.2°C; it has good oil sample adaptability, salinity resistance, and temperature resistance; and the oil washing rate can reach more than 60%. The oil displacement system was injected into the formation by means of multiconcentration and multislug and was applied in the field of Luo 321-2 Well. A total of 500 t of the oil displacement system was injected, and the effect of measures lasted for 400 days, with a cumulative oil increase of 883 t. It has been applied in different blocks 30 times and achieved a good field application effect.
研究领域:
石油工程
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化学工程
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
APPLIED PHYSICS A-MATERIALS SCIENCE & PROCESSING
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2023
·Vol. 129
·期 10
·1-14
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IF 2.7
Shi Lin,Bi Qinling,Zhu Jiamei,Yan Shili,Chen Dongxiang
A magnetic molybdenum disulfide (Fe–Fe 2 O 3 @PDA@MoS 2 ) was prepared and evaluated as a dispersive viscosity reducing catalyst for the heavy oil. The catalysts were analyzed using a variety of characterization methods, and the effects of preparation method and oleic acid treatment on performance were also compared. The particle size of Fe–Fe 2 O 3 magnetic nanochains was about 80 nm, the saturation magnetization strength was 110 emu/g, and the components in the nanochains were mainly iron elements. The catalyst further prepared by liquid phase precipitation had unique flower-like structure and good viscosity reduction ability. The loading amount of MoS 2 was 16.7 wt% and the saturation magnetization was 36.3 emu/g, while the saturation magnetization of the oleic acid treated sample was 28.9 emu/g. The as-prepared Fe–Fe 2 O 3 @PDA@MoS 2 can reach more than viscosity reduction 99% under 10 MPa hydrogen pressure and 400 ~ 415 °C. In addition, the component analyses of four groups (saturate, aromatic, resin, and asphaltenes) for the liquid products in the heavy oil were conducted to analysis the mechanism of viscosity reduction of catalyst.
研究领域:
催化化学
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材料科学
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石油加工工程
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF PETROLEUM SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING
·
2020
·
IF 3.706
Leiting Shi,Changlong Liu,Mao Chen,Zhao Hua,Zhongbin Ye,Jian Zhang
As is well known, resin and asphaltene greatly increase the viscosity of the oil, which causes difficulty for heavy oil to flow and to be displaced. Therefore, reducing the viscosity of heavy oil effectively is the key to enhance oil recovery. A hyperbranched copolymer named as HVR grafted with hydrophilic surfactant monomers, was synthesized and evaluated in this paper as an alternative to reduce the offshore heavy oil viscosity. The synthesis method of HVR through free-radical copolymerizing using the third generation polyamidoamine dendrimer, acrylamide, acrylic acid and surfactant monomers in deionized water was detailed in this paper. Thereupon the characterization of HVR were described by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and 1 H nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. The physical properties of HVR solution including apparent viscosity, oil viscosity reducing ability, interfacial tension were comprehensively studied. Otherwise the effect of HVR on sheet structure of asphaltene aggregate and asphaltene aggregation inhibition-dispersion activity were measured by X-ray diffraction and ultraviolet–visible spectrophotometer, respectively. The results indicate that apparent viscosities of HVR solution is relatively not high. For example, after shearing with a Waring blender at 3500 rpm for 20 s, the viscosity of 2500 ppm HVR solution is only 22.7 cP. However, the HVR solution has a relatively high viscosity remaining rate, which is approximately 58%. On the other hand, HVR solution has a good viscosity reducing ability on heavy oil. For the oil viscosities from 350 cP to 500 cP, the viscosity reduction rate of HVR at 2000 ppm is approximately 97% under the oil-water ratio of 3:7. In addition, the oil-water interfacial tension can be reduced by HVR solution at the concentration of 2500 ppm to 1.61 × 10 −2 mN m −1 . Comparing the asphaltene aggregates after interacting with HPAM and HVR, it illustrates that the layer spacing, interchain distance and diameter of the aromatic sheets are lager if interacting with HVR; meanwhile height of the aromatic clusters and effective number of aromatic sheets are smaller due to the reaction with HVR. In addition, if compared with the asphaltene treated by HPAM, with the increase of HVR concentration, the absorbance of asphaltene in toluene treated by HVR solution decreased significantly. Overall, this new hyperbranched copolymer shows potential for applications in heavy oil viscosity reduction.
研究领域:
石油工程
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高分子化学
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材料科学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
Micro & Nano Letters
·
2016
·Vol. 11
·期 2
·86-90
·
IF 0.723
Yiguang Li,Xueliang Liu,Xiaohong Li,Zhijun Zhang,Mengyun Zhao,Changming Su
Sulphated titania superacid (denoted as SO 4 2− /TiO 2 ) and sulphated zirconia-doped titania superacid (denoted as SO 4 2− /ZrO 2 /TiO 2 ) were prepared via a liquid-phase in-situ method. As-prepared SO 4 2− /TiO 2 and SO 4 2− /ZrO 2 /TiO 2 superacids were characterised by transmission electron microscopy, field emission scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction and Fourier transform infrared spectrometry. Moreover, the catalytic performance of SO 4 2− /TiO 2 and SO 4 2− /ZrO 2 /TiO 2 for the aquathermolysis reaction and viscosity reduction of the extra-heavy oil recovered at Shengli Oilfield (Dongying, China) was investigated. It was found that SO 4 2− /TiO 2 and SO 4 2− /ZrO 2 /TiO 2 as the catalysts for the aquathermolysis process of the tested extra-heavy oil have good catalytic performance. Saturated hydrocarbon, aromatic hydrocarbon, resin and asphalt composition of the tested heavy oil sample before and after aquathermolysis reaction indicates that the amount of the saturated hydrocarbon and aromatic hydrocarbon are increased, while the amount of resin and asphalt are decreased, showing promising potential in the industrial production of heavy crude oil.
研究领域:
化学工程
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石油工程
·
催化材料
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR LIQUIDS
·
2023
·
IF 6
Jie Yu,Hongping Quan,Shihao Chang,Zhiyu Huang
The high viscosity characteristics of heavy oil make it difficult to extract, transport and process. Therefore, enhancing the fluidity of heavy oil can effectively improve the economic benefits of heavy oil resource development. Aggregation and precipitation of asphaltenes are the main causes of high viscosity of heavy oil. Asphaltene molecules are able to self-associate by intermolecular forces such as hydrogen bonding and π-π interactions, resulting in the formation of supramolecular aggregates with large particle size, leading to the increasing of viscosity of heavy oil. Fluorine is the most electronegative element and has a strong ability to form hydrogen bonds. This is due to the special role of the element fluorine, including high electronegativity and small atomic radius. In this study, the fluorine-containing copolymer was synthesized and used to disperse asphaltenes. This copolymer was also used for viscosity reduction on heavy oil in a block in Xinjiang, and the viscosity reduction rate (VRR) reached 70.25% at 600 ppm. Possible mechanism of asphaltene dispersion was proposed by fluorescence microscopy, X-ray diffractometry (XRD), scanning electron microscope (SEM), atomic force microscope (AFM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The mechanism of interaction between copolymer and asphaltene by hydrogen bonds was further analyzed by infrared spectroscopy.
研究领域:
石油工程
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材料科学
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化学工程
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
Energies
·
2024
·Vol. 17
·期 11
·2625
·
IF 3
Yuejie Wang,Wei Zheng,Hongyou Zhang,Chenyang Tang,Jun Zhang,Dengfei Yu,Xuanfeng Lu,Gang Li
Heavy oil accounts for a considerable proportion of the world’s petroleum resources, and its exploitation helps to mitigate reliance on conventional oil resources and diversify energy supply. However, due to the high viscosity and high adhesion characteristics of heavy oil, conventional methods such as thermal recovery, emulsification, and dilution have significant limitations and cannot meet the growing demands for heavy oil production. In this study, 3-propyltrimethoxysilane (MPS) was used to modify and graft amphiphilic surfactants (AS) onto nanosilica to prepare a salt-resistant (total mineralization > 8000 mg/L, Ca2++ Mg2+> 1000 mg/L) and temperature-resistant (250 °C) nanosilicon viscosity reducer (NSD). This article compares amphiphilic surfactants (AS) as conventional viscosity-reducing agents with NSD. FTIR and TEM measurements indicated successful bonding of 3-propyltrimethoxysilane to the surface of silica. Experimental results show that at a concentration of 0.2 wt% and a mineralization of 8829 mg/L, the viscosity reduction rates of thick oil (LD-1) before and after aging were 85.29% and 81.36%, respectively, from an initial viscosity of 38,700 mPa·s. Contact angle experiments demonstrated that 0.2 wt% concentration of NSD could change the surface of reservoir rock from oil-wet to water-wet. Interfacial tension experiments showed that the interfacial tension between 0.2 wt% NSD and heavy oil was 0.076 mN/m. Additionally, when the liquid-to-solid ratio was 10:1, the dynamic and static adsorption amounts of 0.2 wt% NSD were 1.328 mg/g-sand and 0.745 mg/g-sand, respectively. Furthermore, one-dimensional displacement experiments verified the oil recovery performance of NSD at different concentrations (0.1 wt%, 0.15 wt%, 0.2 wt%, 0.25 wt%) at 250 °C and compared the oil recovery efficiency of 0.2 wt% NSD with different types of demulsifiers. Experimental results indicate that the recovery rate increased with the increase in NSD concentration, and 0.2 wt% NSD could improve the recovery rate of heavy oil by 22.8% at 250 °C. The study of nano-demulsification oil recovery systems can effectively improve the development efficiency of heavy oil.
研究领域:
石油工程
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材料科学
·
表面化学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
Pigment & Resin Technology
·
2023
·Vol. 54
·期 1
·125-133
·
IF 1.4
Xia Sun,Jianben Xu,Caili Yu,Faai Zhang
Purpose The purpose of this paper is to synthesize a polyacrylate-based dispersant with a determined target molecular weight for oily systems and to determine the optimal dispersant level and monomer ratio of the dispersant. Design/methodology/approach The dispersant was synthesized by conventional radical polymerization using methacrylic acid, butyl acrylate and dimethylamino ethyl methacrylate as the monomer. It was characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, nuclear magnetic hydrogen spectroscopy, gel permeation chromatography and thermogravimetric analysis. The dispersant was used to disperse TiO 2 , and the performance of the dispersant was evaluated by measuring the viscosity, particle size and dispersive force of the slurry. Findings The dispersant exhibited high thermal stability and was successfully anchored to the surface of the TiO 2 pigment. When used to disperse a TiO 2 slurry, it effectively made the TiO 2 slurry more fluid, indicating its strong viscosity-reducing properties. The viscosity, particle sizes and dispersion capabilities of the TiO 2 slurry were found to vary depending on the contents and monomer ratios of the dispersant. Research limitations/implications P(MAA-BA-DM) dispersant increases the wettability of TiO 2 only in oily solvents but not in aqueous solvents. Practical implications P(MAA-BA-DM) dispersant makes it easier to disperse TiO 2 pigments in oily solvents, increasing the amount of pigment in the solvent and making the preparation of highly pigmented pastes easier. Originality/value A dispersant containing suitable carboxyl and tertiary amine groups was initially synthesized to disperse TiO 2 in an oily system. The findings are anticipated to be used in the formulation of pigment concentrates, industrial coatings and other solvent-based coatings.
研究领域:
高分子科学
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材料工程
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表面化学
·
涂料技术
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
危险品化学品经营许可证（带存储）