Purpose Size of the embolic microspheres is of critical importance in the transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (TACE) of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) to achieve the optimal embolization therapy. In this regard, to optimize the size distribution of the embolic microspheres and enhance the embolization efficacy, the aggregate gradation theory is used to formulate the microspheres. Methods Finite element analysis (FEA) and in vitro experiments confirmed a better embolic efficacy for the poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) microspheres formulated according to the aggregate gradation theory. Results The average volume flow of the graded group was 1.31 × 10 −4 mL/s in vitro experiment, which was lowest among all the groups suggesting the graded group had the optimal embolic effect. The graded group has the largest pressure gradient of 314.22 Pa/ μ m in FEA among all the groups, which can be attributed to the highest packing density of the graded group compared with other groups. Conclusions The graded embolic microspheres have a larger drag coefficient compared with the narrow size distribution groups both in vitro experiment and FEA. These findings can be used to formulate the embolic agents with optimal size distributions and are significant for the improvement of clinical embolization therapy.
Shaochan Duan,Xiaonan Wu,Hongyu Wang,Jianying Hu,Yingcheng Luan,Tao Ma
To enhance the environmental sustainability and pavement performance of steel bridge deck paving, a novel semi self-compacting cold mix polyurethane mixture (CMPU-10) for steel bridge deck paving was specifically designed and evaluated. Herein, this study presents the first comprehensive documentation of the research process involved in the mix design of CMPU-10. Initially, based on the theory of maximum density curve, a gradation with a Talbot index ( n ) of 0.40 was identified as the preliminary gradation for designing CMPU-10 by void ratio, compressive strength and slump tests. Subsequently, the aggregate grade-by-grade filling test revealed the critical influence of sieve sizes (0.075 mm, 0.6 mm, and 2.36 mm) on the mixture dense degree. From these findings, an in-depth analysis of the effects of aggregate passage under the key sieve on the degree of mixture density, compressive strengths, and flow properties led to the determination of the gradation range of CMPU-10. The optimum binder-aggregate ratio for the median gradation was determined to be 9.2%. Finally, wheel tracking, semi-circular bending (SCB) and freeze-thaw splitting tests showed that the designed CMPU-10 exhibits superior high-temperature stability performance, low-temperature cracking resistance and moisture susceptibility compared to the TAF epoxy asphalt mixture (EA-10). This paper not only provides a new potential low-carbon material for steel bridge deck paving projects, but also establishes a theoretical foundation for the optimization design and promotion polyurethane mixture.
危险品化学品经营许可证（带存储）