ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION
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2019
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IF 5.714
Xueke Liu,Chang Liu,Peng Wang,Yiran Liang,Jing Zhan,Zhiqiang Zhou,Donghui Liu
Alpha-cypermethrin (Alpha-CP), an important pyrethroid pesticide , has been widely used for pest control in agriculture and parasite control in livestock farms. Thus, alpha-CP is easily exposed to wild birds and poultry, which may pose a potential risk to birds. Alpha-CP and its metabolites have been detected in many environmental samples, including poultry and wild birds. We studied the distribution and metabolism of alpha-CP and its metabolites in embryo development and newborn chick. The results showed that metabolites were the main residual forms of alpha-CP in different stages of life and might increase the exposure risk of bird and its offspring . Metabolomics investigation of newborn chick exhibited that the metabolic profiles of chicks were disturbed, especially lipid metabolism . The concentrations of cis-DCCA and trans-DCCA were high in the first and second weeks of chick growth, indicating that chicks have limited ability to further metabolize and excrete cis-DCCA and trans-DCCA during the early stages of chicks. Toxicokinetics of alpha-CP in adult hens showed that alpha-CP was rapidly metabolized to acid metabolites, which could be further metabolized and excreted. The results about metabolism of alpha-CP in different stages of chicken indicate that the ability of the embryo and early chick to metabolize alpha-CP and its metabolites was the weakest. Therefore, it is of important significance to focus on evaluating the ecological risk of cypermethrin on birds at different stages of life cycle.
研究领域:
毒理学
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生态学
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动物学
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产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
POULTRY SCIENCE
·
2025
·Vol. 104
·期 4
·104918
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IF 4.2
Linghuan Luo,Ming Ge,Yiming Sun,Yihan Hu,Xiaoyi Yang,Ruili Zhang
2-Ethylhexyl diphenyl phosphate ( EHDPHP ) is a pervasive environmental pollutant known to induce oxidative damage in organisms; however, its precise mechanisms of toxicity remain unclear. Furthermore, limited research has been conducted on potential therapeutic agents to counteract EHDPHP toxicity. Glycyrrhizic acid ( GA ), a triterpenoid saponin compound with recognized antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and immunomodulatory properties, represents a promising candidate for mitigating EHDPHP-induced oxidative injury. In chickens, the thymus is the main immune organ. This study aims to investigate the mechanism of EHDPHP-induced thymus damage and the role and mechanism of GA intervention in this process. A potential ‘EHDPHP/GA-Target-Oxidative Stress ( OS )’ network was constructed using network biology. A model of EHDPHP-induced chicken thymic injury was established by continuous oral administration of EHDPHP (160 mg/kg) for 42 days. Moreover, the mechanism of action by which GA antagonizes EHDPHP-induced oxidative damage was explored using MDCC-MSB1 cells in vitro. Network biology analyses showed that ‘EHDPHP/GA-OS’ targets were mainly enriched in the adipocytokine and apoptotic signaling pathways. Molecular docking demonstrated the binding interactions of GA and EHDPHP with Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 ( Keap1 ), nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 ( Nrf2 ), and signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 ( STAT3 ) proteins. Both in vitro and in vivo experiments revealed that GA attenuated EHDPHP-induced damage to thymus and MDCC-MSB1 cells, as evidenced by reductions in oxidative stress markers (ROS, MDA, T-AOC, SOD, and GSH-Px), inflammation factors (NF-κB, IL-6, and TNF-α), and the apoptotic factor (Caspase 3) expression. GA treatment increased the expression of Nrf2 and HO-1 while reducing the expression of Keap1, JAK1, Phospho-JAK1 ( P-JAK1 ), STAT3, and Phospho-STAT3 ( P-STAT3 ). Furthermore, the protective effect of GA against EHDPHP-induced MDCC-MSB1 cell injury, as well as its inhibition of the JAK1/STAT3 pathway, was diminished by the Nrf2 inhibitor ML385. These findings suggest that GA exerts its protective effects through Nrf2 and mitigates EHDPHP-induced thymic injury in chickens by modulating the crosstalk between the Nrf2/ROS/STAT3 signaling pathways. Overall, this study highlights the novel role of GA in treating EHDPHP-induced injury and underscores its potential application in diseases treatable with Nrf2 activators.
研究领域:
环境毒理学
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免疫学
·
药理学
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分子生物学
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DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY
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2019
·
IF 3.571
Zengpeng Lv,Chenhui Hu,Jingle Jiang,Song Jin,Quanwei Wei,Xihui Wei,Debing Yu,Fangxiong Shi
Genistein is abundant in animal feed. In this study, the side effects of high-dose genistein on intestinal health and hypothalamic RNA profile were evaluated. Chicks exposed to high-dose genistein by intraperitoneal injection (416 ± 21, 34.5 ± 2.5) and feed supplementation (308 ± 19, 27.2 ± 2.1) both showed a reduced body weight gain and feed intake in comparison with the control group (261 ± 16, 22.7 ± 1.6, P < 0.01). In comparison with the control (22.4 ± 0.5, 33.3 ± 2.4), serum levels of albumin and total protein were decreased after high-dose genistein injection (21.6 ± 0.5, 31.8 ± 1.6) and diet supplementation (20.6 ± 0.9, 29.9 ± 2.5, P < 0.001). Interestingly, the genistein diet presented the chick hypothalamus with downregulated expression of bitter receptors (TAS1R3, P < 0.05). Meanwhile, it upregulated the expressions of TAS2R1 (P < 0.05) and downstream genes (PLCB2 and IP3R3) in the ileum (P < 0.05). Accordingly, high-dose dietary genistein reduced villus height and the abundance of Lactobacillus, along with the increased abundance of pathogenic bacteria in the ileum (P < 0.05). Furthermore, transcriptomic analysis identified 348 differently expressed genes (168 upregulated and 224 downregulated) in the high-dose dietary genistein treated group in comparison with the control (P < 0.05, |log2FoldChange| > 0.585). Therefore, high-dose dietary genistein altered the hypothalamic RNA profile and signal processing. Cluster analysis further revealed that high-dose dietary genistein significantly influenced apoptosis, the immune process, and the whole synthesis of steroid hormones in the hypothalamus (P < 0.05). In conclusion, high-dose dietary genistein altered the hypothalamic RNA profile and intestinal health of female chicks.
研究领域:
动物营养
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分子生物学
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胃肠病学
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内分泌学
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产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
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