The intermittency and power attenuation under low-light and rainy condition of solar cells highlight the necessity for hybrid energy harvesting to prolong its power generation and multi-environment applications. Herein, we develop a dual-mode triboelectric nanogenerator-silicon tandem solar cell (DTENG-Si TSC) featuring the combination of surface-single electrode and contact-separation mode TENGs which endows the maximum energy conversion of droplet kinetic energy. This design yields an open-circuit voltage of 107.8 V and power density of 1.72 W/m 2 stimulated by one single droplet. Subsequently, the impacts of low-light intensity (250 – 5500 Lux) on the photovoltaic performances of the DTENG-Si TSC with and w/o droplets impingement are systematically investigated, demonstrating the TSC could break through the bottleneck of the limited power conversion efficiency (PCE) of individual Si SC under low-light condition. A PCE of 21.71% can be achieved by the DTENG-Si TSC, providing a relative enhancement of 10.65% over the bare Si SC under standard AM 1.5 G solar irradiation at 100 mW cm -2 . In addition, the power density has a remarkable enhancement over 10% at the light intensity ranging from 500 to 1500 Lux, indicating this structure configuration can effectively extend the power generation and improve the power conversion efficiency of solar cells under low-light rainy condition.
Bacterial infections of plants are widespread and highly virulent, causing serious economic losses in agricultural production worldwide. These infections become particularly prevalent during rainy weather, characterized by high humidity and low light intensity (about 2–10% of a sunny day). Here we identified a class of photosensitizers that were effective in inhibiting plant bacterial infections under rainy weather with dim light. One of these compounds, compound 1 , demonstrated exceptional efficacy by eliminating more than 4 logs (99.99%) of either Xanthomonas perforans or Xanthomonas citri subsp. citri (Xcc) strain at a concentration of 6.25 μM under rainy weather conditions with a light exposure of 28.51 J/cm 2 . For Clavibacter michiganensis ( Cm ), compound 1 demonstrated a comparable bactericidal effect at a lower concentration of 3.13 μM. Furthermore, compound 1 was effective in controlling plant leaf infections during rainy weather. Moreover, compound 1 exhibited a potent inhibitory effect on the biofilms pertinent to tomato spot disease and citrus canker under natural illumination on rainy days. Additionally, compound 1 displayed remarkable resilience to rain-wash on plant leaves, retaining 41.20% of its initial concentration following exposure to three simulated rain events. These findings provide a new strategy for plant pathogen disease management highlight its feasibility even during rainy weather.
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