PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE
·
2022
·Vol. 78
·期 5
·2052-2064
·
IF 4.462
Hao Guo,Xin-Lin Gong,Guo-Cheng Li,Bao-Tong Mo,Nan-Ji Jiang,Ling-Qiao Huang,Chen-Zhu Wang
BACKGROUND The fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda (J. E. Smith), is a polyphagous moth species that is spreading all around the globe. It uses ( Z )-9-tetradecenyl acetate (Z9-14:Ac) and ( Z )-7-dodecenyl acetate ( Z 7-12:Ac) (100:3.9) as essential sex pheromone components. However, our understanding of the molecular basis of pheromone detection of S. frugiperda is still incomplete. RESULTS Herein, we identified six PRs , i.e. SfruOR6 , 11 , 13 , 16 , 56 , and 62 , by transcriptome sequencing. Subsequently, we heterologously expressed them in Drosophila OR67d neurons and determined their response spectra with a large panel of sex pheromones and analogs. Among them, SfruOR13-expressing neurons strongly respond to the major sex pheromone component Z9-14:Ac, but also comparably to ( Z , E )-9,12-tetradecadienyl acetate (Z9,E12-14:Ac) and weakly to ( Z )-9-dodecenyl acetate (Z9-12:Ac). Both SfruOR56 and SfruOR62 are specifically tuned to the minor sex pheromone component Z7-12:Ac with varying intensities and sensitivities. In addition, SfruOR6 is activated only by Z9,E12-14:Ac, and SfruOR16 by both ( Z )-9-tetradecenol (Z9-14:OH) and ( Z )-9-tetradecenal (Z9-14:Ald). However, the OR67d neurons expressing SfruOR11 remain silent to all compounds tested, a phenomenon commonly found in the OR11 clade of Noctuidae species. Next, using single sensillum recording, we characterized four sensilla types on the antennae of males, namely A, B, C and D types that are tuned to the ligands of PRs, thereby confirming that S. frugiperda uses both SfruOR56 and SfruOR62 to detect Z7-12:Ac. Finally, using wind tunnel assay, we demonstrate that both Z9,E12-14:Ac and Z9-14:OH act as antagonists to the sex pheromone. CONCLUSION We have deorphanized five PRs and characterized four types of sensilla responsible for the detection of pheromone compounds, providing insights into the peripheral encoding of sex pheromones in S. frugiperda .
研究领域:
昆虫学
·
分子生物学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
Agriculture-Basel
·
2023
·Vol. 13
·期 2
·236
·
IF 3.6
Qi Liu,Changfeng Shan,Haiyan Zhang,Cancan Song,Yubin Lan
The droplet size distribution following pesticide application practices can significantly impact droplet drift and non-target organisms (animals and plants). However, the relationship among liquid sheet breakup, drop formation, and droplet drift is an area that has been studied over the past 65 years but is still not fully understood. The objectives of this study were severalfold: to examine the liquid sheet breakup following the use of different adjuvants (sodium dodecyl sulfate, aerosol OT, and silicone at 1%) and their effects on the drift via three commonly used commercial spray nozzles (XR, AIXR, and TXVK). The spray sheet and initial droplet size spectrum for each spray was detected by a particle image velocimetry (PIV) system, and the drift for each treatment was measured in a wind tunnel. The nozzle type and the spray solution were found to significantly affect the liquid sheet breakup characteristics. AIXR produced large droplets, and TXVK with short liquid sheet length produced more small droplets. All adjuvants used in these experiments increased the formation of large droplets upon atomization while simultaneously reducing driftable fines (e.g., drops %<150 µm). The drift potential can be reduced by up to 66.1% when switching from a fine spray quality (TXVK) to a coarse spray quality (AIXR). The SDS adjuvant provided the most effective drift reduction for XR and TXVK nozzles showing reduced drift potential by 69.2% and 66.3%, respectively, while the silicone adjuvant showed the largest drift reduction for AIXR of 78.3%. The correlation between the liquid sheet length and DV0.5was positive for XR and TXVK nozzles, and there was a significant positive correlation between %<150 µm and drift potential for all nozzles. This work suggests that the drift can be reduced significantly by changing the nozzle type and adding pesticide adjuvant into spray solution, which provided data support for the drift reduction of plant protection drones.Keywords:wind tunnel;droplet drift;PIV system;liquid sheet breakup
研究领域:
农业工程
·
植物保护
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
COMPOSITES COMMUNICATIONS
·
2022
·
IF 7.685
Ruixiang Liu,Hebing Wang,Changqing Hong,Xiangyu Jin,Yiwu Pan,Xinghong Zhang
This paper reports a porous organic-inorganic mixed thermal protection composite served in a high-temperature long-term environment. The rigid ceramic thermal insulation tile (CIT) reinforced phenolic aerogel (PR) composite has good mechanical properties , thermal insulation, and ablation resistance. The maximum linear thermal expansion coefficient was 4.707 × 10 −6 , and compressive strength and modulus reached 4.56 and 70.88 MPa, respectively. The thermal conductivity was 0.041 W/(m·K) at room temperature. After two-stage wind tunnel ablation at a high temperature exceeding 1300 °C for 270 s and a low temperature exceeding 800 °C for 180 s, the backside temperature was 242 °C. The ablation behavior and transformation process in the thickness direction were analyzed. The porous organic-inorganic mixed composite has a great prospect in long-term near-air flights.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
航空航天工程
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
iScience
·
2022
·
IF 6.107
Yueying Liu,Zhenguo Jing,Qiang Liu,Ang Li,Wenwen Li,Sen Zhang,Ang Lee,Fu Tian,Rui Li,Wei Peng
An integrated aerodynamic three-hole pressure probe (THP) based on a fiber-optic tip sensor array for high-velocity flow field vector measurement is developed and demonstrated in wind tunnel testing. The sensor array consisting of three miniature pressure fiber-tip sensors is integrated into three pressure conduits inside top area of the THP, which serves to mitigate pneumatic pressure loss and is expected for a more reliable analysis of flow characteristics. Fast real-time data acquisition is implemented by a compact self-developed multichannel white light interferometry (WLI) interrogator. Well-calibrated maps of the fiber-optic THP are developed in a subsonic free-jet wind tunnel to derive the velocity vectors in a yaw angular range of ±15° at Mach numbers of 0.2 Ma (∼70 m/s), 0.5 Ma (∼170 m/s), and 0.8 Ma (∼300 m/s) while related flow characteristics are analyzed. This work is desired to provide a potential candidate for turbomachinery experimental investigation in fluid mechanics community.
研究领域:
流体力学
·
航空航天工程
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
COMPOSITES SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
·
2025
·
IF 9.8
Yunyun Meng,Nan Wu,Yanxin Zhang,Jinshui Yang,Song Wang,Suli Xing,Senyun Liu,Xian Yi
Superhydrophobic surfaces have been extensively developed as attractive anti-icing/de-icing candidate materials for fiber-reinforced polymer-based composites (FRPCs), thereby often being integrated with electrothermal effect to minimize its energy consumption. However, the structural incoordination between FRPC, superhydrophobic surfaces, and electric heating elements usually leads to high energy loss and low durability. Herein, a wet spraying method was proposed for the fabrication of robust superhydrophobic electrothermal films and that were subsequently endowed to the FRPC surfaces through pressure-assisted integrating molding. Our structural-functional integration strategy does not compromise the molding conditions and key components of FRPC, yielding a >95 % retention of the mechanical strength. Additionally, the electrothermal effect was proven well preserved, thereby enhancing the freezing-delaying effect of 1 + 1>2, reducing ice adhesion strength from 234 kPa to 5.4 kPa, and remaining unchanged superhydrophobicity after 100 cycles of icing/de-icing. The underlying mechanism can be attributed to thermal-governed heat and mass transfer at the interface facilitating synergistic regulation of phase transition and wettability of water/ice. Importantly, the practical value of multi-functionalized FRPC was assessed by icing wind tunnel, confirming the anti-icing effect at 0.3 W/cm 2 and 26 % reduction in de-icing energy consumption. The prepared energy-efficient and highly robust anti-icing/de-icing FRPC should satisfy the growing demands in the aviation and energy fields.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
航空工程
·
能源工程
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
CERAMICS INTERNATIONAL
·
2022
·
IF 5.532
Li Jing,Lingwei Yang,Yanxiang Liang,Sijia Shen,Jun Zhang,Liping Liu,Changhao Zhao,Haojun Ma,Guolin Wang
Ceramic matrix composite is widely applied in thermal protection system (TPS) of space vehicles to resist ultrahigh temperature aerodynamic heating. In this work, a novel carbon fiber reinforced hafnium carbide matrix composite (C f /HfC) is fabricated, and its potential serving as TPS material is studied inside an inductively coupled plasma wind tunnel. The oxidation mechanism of the as-fabricated C f /HfC is thus revealed in the dissociated air flows with different heat fluxes, based on the temperature profiles and the microstructural evolutions of HfO 2 oxide scale. The results suggest a transition in the oxidation activity of C f /HfC at 1650–1700 °C in reduced pressure (<10 kPa), from reaction-control to diffusion-control, due to the accumulation of porous HfO 2 oxide scale. When its thickness beyond a critical value, inner diffusions of oxidized species dominate the oxidation activity of C f /HfC. The thicker the HfO 2 is, the weaker the oxidation of C f /HfC can be in dissociated air plasmas. The oxidation mechanism endows C f /HfC with an excellent thermal protection property at ultrahigh temperatures (≥2000 °C). However, when the oxidation temperature ≥2700 °C, due to strong melt and evaporation, the continuity of HfO 2 is interrupted, which results in degradation of the oxidation blockage ability. As a result, C f /HfC is strongly ablated in the dissociated air plasmas. This infers that C f /HfC can be applied in TPS by preventing strong melt and dissipation of HfO 2 , and it is suggested to control the surface temperature of C f /HfC lower than 2700 °C in reduced pressures. This work may forward the advance of the novel material in the TPS of future space vehicles.
研究领域:
航空航天材料科学
·
高温材料研究
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
MEASUREMENT SCIENCE and TECHNOLOGY
·
2024
·Vol. 35
·期 4
·045109
·
IF 2.7
Xiaoming Wang,Zhilong Guo,Yifeng Huang,Longbo Xiong,Daojin Yao,Wentao Dong
Strong winds can make a bridge's cable-stayed cables produce violent vibrations, leading to fatigue of the cable-stayed cables and damaging the cable-stayed bridge's structure. Accurately and effectively obtaining data on the wind loads applied to the cable-stayed cables is important for assessing the cable-stayed cables' health. The existing sensing elements for detection include diffusion silicon piezoresistive sensor, strain gauge, and other rigid sensors. However, most of them present such disadvantages as rigidity, difficult to fit the curved surface, high cost and low sensitivity. And it cannot be directly installed on the surface of the cable. In this paper, a conductive hydrogel flexible pressure sensor based on TA/CB@PDMS was developed, using carbon black (CB) as the main conductive medium, with good electrical conductivity, high sensitivity (0.65 kPa−1) and excellent tensile properties (210% tensile breakage). Meanwhile, a salt permeation method (Soak the sensor in LiBr solution) was used to effectively inhibit the sensor's water from being evaporated and frozen. Its substrate incorporates tannic acid to increase the sensor's adhesion so that it adheres well to the diagonal cable's surface. In this paper, the wind speed variation around the diagonal cable and the force distribution on the surface with considering the fluid-structure coupling effect are analyzed by ANSYS WORKBECH finite element simulation. Wind tunnel experiments simulate the sensor's force response when the inclined cable is subjected to different wind speeds, and the detection accuracy reaches 96.17%. The results show the sensor developed in this paper can realize accurate wind pressure detection of the inclined cable. This study provides a new method for wind pressure detection and health inspection of diagonal cables.
研究领域:
土木工程
·
材料科学
·
传感技术
·
结构健康监测
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
CERAMICS INTERNATIONAL
·
2025
·
IF 5.6
Yuan Li,Xiang Feng,Shipeng Zhu,Yifen Xu,Jingshu Wu,Jidong Hu,Yunhua Yang,Jian He,Zhihai Feng,Hongbo Guo
Carbon-fiber-reinforced SiBCN (C f /SiBCN composites) have gained significant attention due to their exceptional high temperature stability and outstanding oxidation resistance, which can be applied in Thermal Protection System (TPS). In this study, arc jet wind tunnel testing, which can effectively simulate the actual atmospheric flight environment and the associated fluid-solid surface interactions, is applied to evaluate the ablation behavior C f /SiBCN composites. The heat flux density during testing is 1.2-1.6 MW·m -2 and the heating temperature ranges from 1200 °C to 2000 °C. After ablation, the surface was covered with an intact oxide layer composed of BN(C) and borosilicate glass. The linear and mass recession rates were as low as 0.268 × 10 -3 mm·s −1 and 1.422 × 10 -3 mg·mm −2 ·s −1 at 1900 °C, respectively. A detail study demonstrate that the oxide layer of ablated product consists of α/β-SiC crystallites embedded within turbostratic B-N-C layers. In order to explore the ablation mechanism, the ablation performance of C f /SiC and C f /SiBCN composites at 2000 °C were compared and investigated.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
航空航天工程
·
复合材料
·
高温材料
·
热防护系统
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF APPLIED POLYMER SCIENCE
·
2023
·Vol. 140
·期 25
·e53969
·
IF 3
Jiayan Shi,Chunhua Wei,Mengyu Deng,Lei Liang,Yanqing Tian
Pressure-sensitive paints (PSPs) have been demonstrated to be very important for aerodynamics research. In order to improve the pressure sensitivity and adhesion ability of PSP, herein, a series of fluorine-containing copolymers compositing of an oxygen and pressure-responsive probe derived from platinum(II)-5,10,15,20-tetrakis-(2,3,4,5,6-pentafluorophenyl)-porphyrin (PtTFPP) named as poly[(tBs) a - co -(TFEM) b - co -(PtTFPP-1MA) c ] were synthesized and investigated as PSPs. These PSPs were constructed with different fluorine ratios for the investigation of the effect of fluorine contents on PSPs. Especially, PSP (F 0.33 ) with the trifluoroethyl methacrylate (TFEM) molar ratio of 33% in the copolymers could adhere well to the surface of an aircraft model. F 0.33 showed high oxygen sensitivity ( I 0 / I 100 = 32.87), reasonable response time to oxygen (44 s), high pressure sensitivity ( S P = 0.75%/kPa at 20°C) and low temperature response ( S T = −0.77%/°C at 100 kPa). F 0.33 was further sprayed on the surface of a delta wing of an aircraft model and its pressure response was verified in a wind tunnel. The data from F 0.33 film at the same wind speed and position were close to the pressure data measured by using traditional method using open pressure holes, showing the potential application of these PSPs.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
空气动力学
·
聚合物化学
·
传感器技术
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
危险品化学品经营许可证（带存储）