PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY
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2020
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IF 3.72
Guanhua Liu,Mei Yang,Jianyu Fu
Terpenes and their derivatives are vital components of tea aroma. Their constitution and quantity are highly important criteria for the sensory evaluation of teas. Biologically, terpenes are involved in chemical resistance of tea plant against biotic and/or abiotic stresses . The goal of this study is to identify volatile terpenes of tea plants implicated in defense against herbivores and to identify terpene synthase ( TPS ) genes for their biosynthesis . Upon herbivory by tea geometrid ( Ectropis obliqua Prout), tea plants were found to emit two sesquiterpenes, ( E , E )-α-farnesene and ( E )-nerolidol, which were undetectable in intact tea plants. The induced emission of ( E , E )-α-farnesene and ( E )-nerolidol suggests that they function in either direct or indirect defense of tea plants against the tea geometrid. Candidate TPS genes were identified from the transcriptomes of tea plants infested by tea geometrids. Two dedicated sesquiterpene synthases, Cs AFR and Cs NES2, were identified. Cs AFR belongs to the TPS-b clade and can catalyze the formation of ( E , E )-α-farnesene from ( E , E )-FPP. Cs NES2 belongs to the TPS-g clade and can synthesize ( E )-nerolidol using ( E , E )-FPP. The two genes were also both dramatically upregulated by herbivore damage. In summary, we showed that two novel sesquiterpene synthase genes CsAFR and CsNSE2 are inducible by herbivory and responsible for the elevated emission of herbivore-induced ( E , E )-α-farnesene and ( E )-nerolidol, which are implicated in tea plant defense against herbivores.
研究领域:
植物科学
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分子生物学
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农学
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昆虫学
✓ 已验证
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY
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2024
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IF 6.1
Mohsin Nawaz,Jianfan Sun,Samina Shabbir,Yanwen Bo,Feng He,Muhammad Mudassir Nazir,Farrukh Azeem,Muhammad Rizwan,Linxuan Pan,Guangqian Ren,Daolin Du
Cadmium (Cd) toxicity induces significant disruptions in growth and development, plants have developed strategies to alleviate metal toxicity promoting establishment even during herbivores infestation. The study demonstrates that W. trilobata maintains growth and development under the combined stress of Cd exposure and herbivore invasion by Spodoptera litura , in contrast to W. chinensis . Cd toxicity markedly reduce shoot elongation and total fresh biomass, and a significant decrease in the dry weight of the shoot biomass and leaf count by 19%, 18%, 16%, and 19% in W. trilobata compared to controls. An even more pronounced decrease of 35%, 43%, 45% and 43% was found in W. chinensis . Compared to W. chinensis, W. trilobata showed a higher increase in phytohormone production including abscisic acid (ABA), gibberellic acid (GA 3 ), indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) and methyl jasmonic acid (JA-me) under both Cd and herbivory stress as compared with respective controls. In addition, leaf ultra-structure also showed the highest damage to cell membranous structures by Cd-toxicity in W. chinensis . Furthermore, RNA-seq analysis revealed numerous genes viz., EMSY, MCCA, TIRI, BED-type, ABA, JAZ, CAB-6, CPSI, LHCII, CAX, HNM, ABC-Cd-trans and GBLP being differentially expressed between Cd-stress and herbivory groups in both W. trilobata and W. chinensis , with a particular emphasis on genes associated with metal transport and carbohydrate metabolism. Analyses employing the Gene Ontology (GO) system, the Clusters of Orthologous Groups (COG) categorization, and the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) database, highlight the functional and evolutionary relationships among the genes of the Phenylpropanoid and Flavonoid biosynthesis pathways and brassinosterod metabolism, associated with plant growth and development under Cd-toxicity and herbivory. W. trilobata opposite of W. chinensis , significantly improve plant growth and mitigates Cd toxicity through modulation of metabolic processes, and regulation of responsible genes, to sustain its growth under Cd and herbivory stress, which can be used in stress improvement in plants for sustainable ecosystem biodiversity and food security.
研究领域:
植物学
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植物生理学
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分子生物学
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基因组学
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环境科学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
危险品化学品经营许可证（带存储）