FUEL
·
2022
·
IF 8.035
Yi Liu,Ying Chen,Shuang Ma,Xianlong Liu,Xiangwen Zhang,Ji-Jun Zou,Lun Pan
High-energy–density (HED) fuels have attracted extensive attention for volume-fixed aerospace vehicles because they can provide more propulsion energy to increase the payload and range of aerospace vehicles. Herein, we report a route for synthesis of HED fuel, pentacyclo[8.2.1.1 4,7 .0 2,9 .0 3,8 ]tetradecane (PCTD) with strained structure, by photoinduced intermolecular [2 + 2] cycloaddition of norbornene (NBE). The triplet quenching and phosphorescence quenching results indicate that NBE cycloaddition is conducted through the photosensitized processes containing triplet–triplet energy transfer, cyclization and relaxation. The reaction conditions are optimized to obtain the high photocatalytic activity, with the NBE conversion and PCTD selectivity reaching 78.7% and 94.4%, respectively. Moreover, a kinetic model is proposed with the reaction rate equation being correlated with the incident light flux, with the pseudo reaction kinetics parameters and reaction rate equations obtained. Importantly, PCTD shows high density of 1.024 g/mL and high volumetric net heat of combustion of 42.98 MJ/L, much higher than those of JP-10. In addition, blending with JP-10 or QC can significantly improve cryogenic properties of blended fuels, which is very promising for the practical application.
研究领域:
化学工程
·
能源科学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
BIOMASS & BIOENERGY
·
2023
·
IF 6
Benqiang Zhu,Xiuxiu Zhao,Yingchao Zhang,Bing Yuan,Fengli Yu,Congxia Xie,Shitao Yu
A shape-selective bifunctional catalyst (Ru x /SOT-Hβ) was furnished by loading Ru onto the Hβ zeolite prepared via seed organic template (SOT) method using the seeds obtained via steam-assisted conversion (SAC) method. The Ru x /SOT-Hβ catalyst exhibited both favorable acid-catalytic performance and hydrogenation performance in the two-stage one-pot conversion of α-pinene, enabling an energy-efficient process for producing biomass blended high energy density fuels (HEDF). The effect of preparation conditions of Hβ zeolite carrier, metal type, loading amount, and loading method on the catalytic performance of the bifunctional catalyst was investigated. After the optimization of the catalytic process over Ru 1.2 /SOT-Hβ using pinane as the reaction medium, the resulting liquid reaction mixture without undergoing further distillation and other operations was found to possess good biomass HEDF properties. Feasible recyclability of Ru 1.2 /SOT-Hβ catalyst in α-pinene one-pot conversion was also demonstrated by a 3-run recycling test.
研究领域:
化学工程
·
能源科学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
CHINESE JOURNAL OF CATALYSIS
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2024
·
IF 15.7
Xu Zhang,Wen-Jing Zhang,Yan-Cheng Hu,Zhi-Guang Zhang,Jing-Pei Cao
High-energy-density (HED) fuels (e.g. JP-10) are of great importance in safeguarding territorial air security, since they can increase the flight range and payload of military aircrafts. To reduce the reliance on limited petroleum source, the production of HED fuel with renewable biomass feedstocks is highly appealing. But currently, most of the synthetic biofuels, due to their intrinsic ring structure, are incapable of competing with JP-10 in terms of energy density and freezing point. By emulating the structural characteristic of JP-10, we herein design and prepare a special C 16 fused tetracyclic biofuel using renewable cyclopentanone and benzoquinone as feedstocks. Key to success depends on selective dehydration of vicinal diol (dimer of cyclopentanone) over Amberlyst-15 in [Hmim]Cl. The Amberlyst-15/[Hmim]Cl system effectively suppresses the dominant pinacol-type rearrangement pathway and also exhibits good reusability for the dehydration. The hydrogen-bonding interaction between vicinal diol and imidazolium ring, as well as electrostatic force between carbocation intermediate and chloride anion contribute to the high diene selectivity. The compact ring framework gives rise to a density of 0.966 g/mL, combustion heat of 43.1 MJ/L, freezing point of ‒67 °C, and kinematic viscosity of 12.4 cSt, which are comparable to the properties of JP-10. It is expected that this as-prepared HED biofuel may potentially serve as a renewable alternative to petroleum fuel JP-10.
研究领域:
能源化学
·
可再生资源
·
催化化学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
Sustainable Energy & Fuels
·
2019
·Vol. 4
·期 2
·911-920
·
IF 4.912
Junjian Xie,Xiangwen Zhang,Chengxiang Shi,Lun Pan,Fang Hou,Genkuo Nie,Jiawei Xie,Qing Liu,Ji-Jun Zou
Hydrocarbons with a highly strained four-membered ring are synthesized via self-photosensitized [2 + 2] cycloaddition and hydrodeoxygenation using cyclohexene and isophorone as feedstocks, which show high density and high heat values. Photoreaction can take place selectively with isophorone as a self-sensitizer and a reactant. Isophorone/cyclohexene co-cycloaddition has a much faster reaction rate than self-cycloaddition of isophorone, and both DFT calculations and photochemical kinetics show that the energy barrier for the former is much lower than that for the latter. Under optimal conditions, the selectivity of co-cycloaddition and self-cycloaddition can reach 93.3% and 94.9%, with isophorone conversion of 95.4% and 68.8%, respectively. In addition, a series of olefins can undergo self-photosensitized [2 + 2] cycloaddition with isophorone smoothly in high selectivity. After hydrodeoxygenation, hydrocarbons derived from isophorone/cyclohexene mixture and pure isophorone (with an overall yield of 82.1% and 61.3%) have high densities of 0.903 g mL−1 and 0.892 g mL−1, respectively, along with good cryogenic properties. Especially, the hydrocarbons synthesized through photosensitized cycloaddition show considerably higher density and heat values compared with those derived from a common C–C coupling route, which is attributed to the constructed strained cyclic structures. This work provides a new way for photosynthesis of high-energy-density hydrocarbons.
研究领域:
化学合成
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能源材料
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
Energy Advances
·
2024
·Vol. 3
·期 7
·1571-1580
·
IF 3.2
Zhaocai Jiao,Mingzu Liu,Ningbo Yang,Fengli Yu,Congxia Xie,Shitao Yu,Bing Yuan
α-Pinene and isobutene/isobutane can undergo hybrid alkylation under acid catalysis, resulting in C14 and C20 product fractions with favorable bio-based high-energy-density fuel properties after hydrogenation. In this study, the catalytic performance of zeolite molecular sieves, such as Hβ, HY, HZSM-5, HZSM-35, HSAPO-11, was investigated for the alkylation of α-pinene and Isobut-5 (a mixture of isobutene/isobutane with a mass ratio of 1 : 5) given the acidic sites and specific pore structures with shape-selective abilities of zeolite catalysts. Various characterization techniques, including temperature-programmed desorption of ammonia (NH3-TPD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy with pyridine adsorption (Py-IR), N2 adsorption/desorption, X-ray fluorescence spectrum (XRF), and particle size analysis, were conducted to analyze the acidic properties, pore characteristics, silica–aluminum ratio, and grain size of the zeolites, and their influence on the alkylation of α-pinene and Isobut-5. Moreover, the recycling performance of the favorite Hβ-25n catalyst and an effective regeneration method were investigated using temperature-programmed oxidation (TPO) analysis. This study provides essential research data for the preparation of α-pinene-based high-energy-density fuels.
研究领域:
化学工程
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催化材料科学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
INDUSTRIAL & ENGINEERING CHEMISTRY RESEARCH
·
2021
·
IF 3.764
Chi Ma,Chengxiang Shi,Yakun Liu,Lun Pan,Xiangwen Zhang,Ji-Jun Zou
The rapid development of aerospace technology puts forward the urgent needs for fuels with higher energy density and good cryogenic and ignitable properties. Herein, we applied an RCOOZnCH2I-mediated cyclopropanation to synthesize four three-membered cyclic fuels with ca. 100% yield through optimizing the reaction conditions including substituent groups in zinc carbenoids, carbenoid/substrate ratio, and solvents. The fuels show the volumetric heat of combustion to be 3.6–11.7% higher than the currently used fuel JP-10 and low freezing point and viscosity. The advantages of strained fuels with regard to increasing the energy density while maintaining good low-temperature fluid properties are illustrated through comparison with conventional cyclic fuels. Moreover, the strained fuels exhibit low ignition temperature and short ignition delay. This work suggests that the strained fuels are highly promising as advanced high-energy-density fuels.
研究领域:
化学工程
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能源科学
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航空航天工程
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
FUEL PROCESSING TECHNOLOGY
·
2022
·
IF 8.129
Shuang Ma,Ying Chen,Xianlong Liu,Lun Pan,Xiangwen Zhang,Ji-Jun Zou
High-energy-density (HED) fuels have drawn substantial attention for volume-limited aerospace vehicles because they can provide high propulsion energy. Herein, we report a route for synthesis of HED fuel pentacyclo[5.3.0.0 2,5 .0 3,9 .0 4,8 ]decane (PCD) with strained structure by photoinduced intramolecular [2 + 2] cycloaddition of dicyclopentadiene (DCPD). The reaction conditions, like photosensitizer , solvent, concentration, temperature and light intensity , were optimized for achieving the best photochemical performance, with the high DCPD conversion of 95.89% and high PCD selectivity of 62.08%. The triplet quenching and phosphorescence quenching results show that DCPD cycloaddition proceeds under the photosensitizer photoexcitation , triplet-triplet energy transfer, cyclization and relaxation. Moreover, a reaction kinetic model is established with the reaction rate constant being correlated with light intensity, with the pseudo reaction kinetics parameters and reaction rate equations obtained. As a caged fuel, PCD possesses both high density (1.066 g/cm 3 ) and high volumetric neat heat of combustion (44.43 MJ/L), which is very promising to blend with current high density liquid fuels to obtain high-performance fuels for practical application.
研究领域:
化学
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材料科学
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能源科学
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
AICHE JOURNAL
·
2023
·Vol. 69
·期 7
·e18085
·
IF 3.7
Wei Wang,Baian Pu,Chi Ma,Chengxiang Shi,Lun Pan,Xiangwen Zhang,Ji-Jun Zou
Cyclopropane derivates are appealing to synthesis of high-energy-density fuels because of the high strained energy of the three-numbered ring. The catalytic cyclopropanation of olefin with diazomethane is very effective to construct the carbocycle. The majority of the catalysts employed are nonrecyclable homogeneous compounds. Herein, we report cyclopropanation of polycyclic olefins catalyzed by heterogeneous Pd/C. The optimal cyclopropanation conditions were explored utilizing dicyclopentadiene as model substrate and a series of polycyclic olefins were cyclopropanated with high yield. Additionally, the catalyst has good recyclability and stability, as shown by characterizations as well as the fact that no inactivation happens after cyclopropanation. The synthesized cyclopropane derivates exhibit good fuel characteristics like high density (1.006–1.087 g/cm 3 ), high volumetric net heat of combustion (42.58–46.45 kJ/cm 3 ), good low-temperature and combustion performance. This work shows industrial potential for cyclopropanation of polycyclic olefins with diazomethane.
研究领域:
化学工程
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能源科学
·
催化材料
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL AND ENGINEERING DATA
·
2025
·
IF 2.1
Peilun Wang,Xiwei Ye,Yitong Dai,Ji Mi,Wenjun Fang,Pengfei Jiang,Yongsheng Guo
In order to achieve a comprehensive understanding of the properties of tetrahydrotricyclopentadiene (THTCPD) as a potential candidate for high-energy-density hydrocarbon fuels, the density and viscosity of binary mixtures comprising THTCPD and four representative hydrocarbons─n-dodecane, methylcyclohexane, decalin, and 1,2,3,4-tetrahydronaphthalene─were experimentally determined under conditions of T = (293.15 to 343.15) K and atmospheric pressure p = 0.1 MPa. At a constant temperature, both density and viscosity exhibited continuous increases with the rising molar fraction of THTCPD in the binary systems. Furthermore, the excess molar volume (VmE) and viscosity deviation (Δη) of these binary systems were calculated and subsequently fitted by using the Redlich–Kister equation. With the exception of the THTCPD + 1,2,3,4-tetrahydronaphthalene system, the VmE values for all other systems were negative, with their absolute values increasing as the temperature rose. The Δη values for all systems were also negative, and their absolute values decreased significantly with increasing temperature. These findings are interpreted in terms of intermolecular interactions and structural effects, providing critical reference data for the development of high-energy-density hydrocarbon fuels.
研究领域:
化学工程
·
物理化学
·
燃料科学
·
热力学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
危险品化学品经营许可证（带存储）