Horticulturae
·
2022
·Vol. 8
·期 10
·891
·
IF 2.923
Huanxin Zhang,Guoquan Li,Chengpu Yan,Xinlong Zhang,Na Cao,Meiwang Le,Xinlong Hu,Fanghong Zhu,Wenge Liu
Waterlogging is a serious abiotic stressor that drastically hinders the growth and productivity of melon (Cucumis melo) around the world, due to the reduction in available oxygen levels in the waterlogged tissues. However, the mechanism underlying the responses to waterlogging stress in melon is largely unknown. In this study, physiological and transcriptome data of the waterlogging-sensitive accession ‘L39’ and the waterlogging-tolerant accession ‘L45’ were investigated under conditions of normal water supply and waterlogging stress. The results showed that ‘L45’ exhibited higher chlorophyll contents and lower REL (relative electrolyte leakage) and MDA (malondialdehyde) contents compared with ‘L39’ under waterlogging stress. Additionally, waterlogging stress only led to the stomatal closure and chloroplast damage of ‘L39’. In total, 1748 genes were differentially expressed in the leaves of waterlogging-stressed ‘L45’ compared with control, whereas 3178 genes were differentially expressed in ‘L39’. Further analysis indicated that genes related to chlorophyll synthesis and photosynthesis were more depressed in ‘L39’, while sugar cleavage, glycolysis, and fermentation genes were highly induced in ‘L39’ compared with ‘L45’. The expression of genes involved in ROS (reactive oxygen species) scavenging and hormone signaling significantly differed between ‘L39’ and ‘L45’ in their response to waterlogging stress. Moreover, a total of 311 differentially expressed transcription factors were waterlogging-responsive, among which members of the ERF (ethylene response factor), bHLH (basic helix-loop-helix), and WRKY families might play crucial roles in waterlogging tolerance in melon. This study unraveled the molecular responses to waterlogging stress in melon and could provide helpful candidate genes for further molecular breeding of waterlogging-tolerant melon varieties.Keywords:Cucumis melo;waterlogging;transcriptome;molecular response
研究领域:
植物科学
·
分子生物学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
PESTICIDE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY
·
2024
·
IF 4.2
Qin Peng,Xinchang Hao,Chunyue Liu,Xiuhuan Li,Xingxing Lu,Xili Liu
Florylpicoxamid, a QiI fungicide, demonstrates broad-spectrum activity against a wide range of phytopathogenic organisms belonging to the phyla Basidiomycota and Ascomycota. Nevertheless, the potential for resistance and the underlying resistance mechanisms of Corynespora cassiicola against florylpicoxamid are still not fully understood. We determined the baseline sensitivity levels of 101 C. cassiicola isolates to florylpicoxamid. The EC 50 values varied from 0.01 to 1.18 μg/mL with an average of 0.50 μg/mL. Laboratory-induced fungicide adaptation of nine wild-type isolates generated seven C. cassiicola mutants exhibiting high level of resistance to florylpicoxamid, all originating from a single parental isolate. The mutants maintained their resistance even after undergoing ten successive cultivations on a medium devoid of fungicides. No cross-resistance was detected between florylpicoxamid and pyraclostrobin, fluopyram, prochloraz, or propineb. Five of the resistant mutants showed an improved compound fitness index (CFI) relative to their parental isolate, whereas the remainder displayed either a reduced or comparable CFI. All seven of the resistant mutants displayed an A37V substitution within the CcCytb protein, which was responsible for the resistance to florylpicoxamid, as validated through molecular docking analysis. Furthermore, an allele-specific PCR (AS-PCR) method for detecting the CcCytb A37V mutation was successfully established. In summarize, the findings of this study indicate a moderate risk of C. cassiicola developing resistance to florylpicoxamid, with the A37V substitution in CcCytb playing a key role in this resistance, detectable through the use of specific AS-PCR primers.
研究领域:
植物病理学
·
分子生物学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY
·
2020
·
IF 4.872
Tingting Liu,Tongtong Li,Lingyan Zhang,Haolin Li,Shangke Liu,Song Yang,Quanshun An,Canping Pan,Nan Zou
Salicylic acid (SA) is an important signal molecule, regulating oxidative stress response in plants. In this study, we evaluated the influences of SA (1 mg L −1 , 10 mg L −1 and 50 mg L −1 ) on the accumulation of clothianidin (CLO), dinotefuran (DFN) and difenoconazole (DFZ) (5 mg L −1 ) and pesticide-induced (CLO-10 mg L −1 , DFN-20 mg L −1 , and DFZ-10 mg L −1 ) oxidative stress in cucumber plants. Exogenous SA at 10 mg L −1 significantly reduced the half-lives of three pesticides in nutrient solution and prevented the accumulation of pesticides in roots and leaves. And the role of SA in reducing residues was related to the major accumulation sites of pesticides. By calculating the root concentration factor (RCF) and translocation factor (TF), we found that SA at 10 mg L −1 reduced the ability of roots to absorb pesticides and enhanced the translocation ability from roots to leaves. Roots exposed to high concentrations of three pesticides could reduce biomass, low chlorophyll content, increase the accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and proline, promote lipid peroxidation, and alter the activities of a range of antioxidant enzymes, respectively. Exogenous SA at low concentrations (1 mg L −1 and 10 mg L −1 ) significantly mitigated these negative effects. Hence, application of exogenous SA at 10 mg L −1 could effectively alleviate the accumulation of pesticides and induce stress tolerance in cucumber planting systems.
研究领域:
植物学
·
环境科学
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农业科学
✓ 已验证
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
Agriculture-Basel
·
2022
·Vol. 12
·期 10
·1528
·
IF 3.408
Shengnan Li,Zedong Wu,Chunhong Liu,Lianxue Fan,Yongheng He,Ke Lu,Dajun Liu,Guojun Feng
Propamocarb is a pesticide widely used to control cucumber downy mildew. The overuse of propamocarb has resulted in residues and phytotoxicity. However, the detoxification and metabolic process of propamocarb have not been documented well. Our previous work showed differences in the propamocarb residues among the different genotypes of cucumber and their regulation by multiple genes. Based on the already reported data on gene expression profiles under propamocarb treatment, we identified the glutathione pathway, including six different genes (Csa4M303130,Csa3M133380,Csa5M409710,Csa7M395820,Csa3M597320, andCsa1M571280), involved in propamocarb detoxification. The qPCR analysis showed thatCsa1M571280(CsGSH2) was most significantly and differentially expressed at 48 h after propamocarb spray in the cucumber varieties Y3F604 (low propamocarb residues) and M729 (high propamocarb residues). In Y3F604,CsGSH2expression increased from 6 to 48 h after spraying propamocarb, and the expression was positively correlated with propamocarb residues, whereas M729 showed no significant difference inCsGSH2expression. Therefore, we presumedCsGSH2as a key gene in managing propamocarb residues. Gene functional analysis showed that propamocarb residues decreased inCsGSH2-overexpressing plants and increased inCsGSH2-antisense plants. Overexpression ofCsGSH2enhanced glutathione (GSH) accumulation and glutathione S-transferase (GST), glutathione reductase (GR), and glutathione peroxidase (GPX) activities, probably for propamocarb detoxification. The activity of antioxidant enzymes (SOD, POD, CAT, and APX) increased to maintain a high antioxidant capacity inCsGSH2-overexpressing plants. The superoxide (O2−), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels decreased inCsGSH2-overexpressing plants, promoting the antioxidant system composed of ascorbic acid and glutathione (AsA-GSH). Thus, we conclude thatCsGSH2alleviates propamocarb residues and phytotoxicity by enhancing cucumber’s antioxidant and glutathione detoxification potential.Keywords:cucumber;propamocarb;antioxidant;glutathione;detoxification
研究领域:
植物科学
·
分子生物学
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农业化学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
Food Additives and Contaminants Part A-Chemistry Analysis Control Exposure & Risk Assessment
·
2023
·
IF 2.9
Chao Dong,Jiye Hu
A commercial formulation called prothioconazole·kresoxim-methyl 50% water dispersible granule (WG), used to control the powdery mildew, is under registration for use on cucumbers. Therefore it is urgent to validate the reliability of the recommended good agricultural practices (GAP) conditions (187.5 g a.i. ha−1, three sprays with a 7-d interval, and a pre-harvest interval of 3 d) by conducting field trials in 12 regions in China, as required by national regulations, with a subsequent risk assessment. The residues of prothioconazole-desthio and kresoxim-methyl in field samples were determined using QuEChERS coupled with high-performance liquid chromatography – tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS/MS). On the suggested pre-harvest interval (PHI, 3 d), the residual concentrations of prothioconazole-desthio (no maximum residue limit set in China) and kresoxim-methyl (maximum residue limit = 0.5 mg/kg) in cucumbers were 0.01–0.020 and 0.01–0.050 mg/kg, respectively. The acute risk quotients of prothioconazole-desthio in cucumbers were no higher than 0.079% for Chinese consumers. The chronic dietary risk quotient of kresoxim-methyl and of prothioconazole-desthio for different groups of consumers in China ranged from 2.3% to 5.3% and from 1.6% to 4.6%, respectively. Thus, prothioconazole·kresoxim-methyl 50% WG sprayed on cucumbers under the recommended GAP information can pose a negligible risk for Chinese consumers.
研究领域:
植物保护
·
食品安全
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
ACS Omega
·
2024
·
IF 3.7
Lu Wang,Fengyu Li,Lingtao Meng,Kai Wang,Wenying Li,Fangming Fan,Xiaobing Zhang,Xinyue Jiang,Wei Mu,Xiuyu Pang
During production, agricultural products are often susceptible to potential harm caused by residual traces of pesticides. Oxine-copper is a broad spectrum and efficient protective fungicide widely used in the production of fruits and vegetables. The present study was carried out to profile the dissipation behaviors and residues of oxine-copper on cucumber and watermelon using QuEChERS pretreatment and UPLC–MS/MS. Its storage stability and dietary risk assessment were also estimated. The method validation displayed good linearity (R2 ≥ 0.9980), sensitivity (limits of quantification ≤0.01 mg/kg), and recoveries (75.5–95.8%) with relative standard deviations of 2.27–8.26%. According to first-order kinetics, the half-lives of oxine-copper in cucumber and watermelon were 1.77–2.11 and 3.57–4.68 d, respectively. The terminal residues of oxine-copper in cucumber and watermelon samples were within <0.01–0.264 and <0.01–0.0641 mg/kg, respectively. Based on dietary risk assessment, the estimated long-term dietary risk probability value of oxine-copper in cucumber and watermelon is 64.11%, indicating that long-term consumption of cucumber and watermelon contaminated with oxine-copper would not pose dietary risks to the general population. The results provide scientific guidance for the rational utilization of oxine-copper in field ecosystems of cucumber and watermelon.
研究领域:
农业科学
·
食品安全
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
WATER AIR AND SOIL POLLUTION
·
2020
·Vol. 231
·期 12
·1-13
·
IF 1.9
Rao Jifa,Chen Ling,Xiang Yujia,Li Jiayu,Chen Xiao,Zhou Yaoyu
In this study, a practical and excellent method was used to determine the famoxadone and cymoxanil via high-performance liquid chromatography equipped utilizing ultraviolet detector lamp (HPLC-UV) for investigating the dissipation behavior and residue distribution of famoxadone and cymoxanil in cucumber and soil ecosystem. The limit of quantification (LOQ S ) of famoxadone and cymoxanil in cucumber were 0.50, 1.00, 2.00 and 0.05, 0.50, 1.00 mg kg −1 in soil, respectively. The limit of detection (LOD S ) of both famoxadone and cymoxanil were 8.0 ng. The average recoveries ( n = 5) of the fungicide ranged from 84.10 to 108.02% with the relative standard deviations (RSDs) typically < 9.23%. The fungicide was applied to cucumber and soil at the range of doses (275.6–413.4 g a.i.ha −1 ) three or four times. The half-lives of famoxadone and cymoxanil in cucumber and soil were 1.34–16.12 days, which followed the first-order chemical reaction kinetics equation C t = C 0 × e -kt . The residues of famoxadone and cymoxanil in cucumber at the pre-harvest interval (PHI, 3 days) were below 8.0 × 10 −8 g and 8.0 × 10 −9 g, respectively. Overall, this study evaluated the food safety and the environmental fate of famoxadone and cymoxanil in cucumber and soil ecosystem. In addition, this study would promote the series of work on the pesticide exposure assessment of these fungicides as well.
研究领域:
农业科学
·
环境科学
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
ENVIRONMENTAL AND EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY
·
2012
·
IF 2.985
Ai-Hua Dai,Yong-Xin Nie,Bin Yu,Qian Li,Ling-Yun Lu,Ji-Gang Bai
To investigate the physiological mechanism of heat stress mitigated by exogenous cinnamic acid (CA), seedlings of a cucumber cultivar ( Cucumis sativus cv. Jinchun no. 4) were pretreated with CA for 2 d and then were exposed to normal (25/18 °C) and elevated (42/38 °C) temperatures for 3 d. 50 μM CA was chosen since it improved growth more than other CA concentrations under heat stress. At 2 d, supply of 50 μM CA elevated the activities of antioxidant enzymes superoxide dismutase (SOD, EC 1.15.1.1), catalase (CAT, EC 1.11.1.6), guaiacol peroxidase (GPX, EC 1.11.1.7), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px, EC 1.11.1.9), ascorbate peroxidase (APX, EC 1.11.1.11), monodehydroascorbate reductase (MDHAR, EC 1.6.5.4), dehydroascorbate reductase (DHAR, EC 1.8.5.1) and glutathione reductase (GR, EC 1.6.4.2) in cucumber leaves, and it also increased the contents of reduced glutathione (GSH) and ascorbate (AsA). When the CA-pretreated cucumber seedlings have been exposed to heat stress, their antioxidant activities were changed further and were higher than heat treatment alone. Compared to heat treatment, the combination of CA pretreatment and heat also increased relative water content (RWC) of leaves, enhanced levels of proline and soluble sugars, elevated contents of CA and vanillic acid (VA) in leaves, and decreased levels of malonaldehyde (MDA), superoxide radical (O 2 − ) and hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2 ), while it resulted in 8.33% of leaf edges being dried up. Meantime, heat had adverse effects on plant growth, RWC, CA and VA contents in leaves, and it as well increased the levels of MDA, O 2 − and H 2 O 2 and made the dried leaf edges to be 79.17%. We conclude that pretreatment with 50 μM CA elevates CA and VA contents in leaves, enhances antioxidant activities under heat stress and decreases lipid peroxidation to some extent, accompanying with increasing proline and soluble sugar levels in heat-stressed leaves, thus the pretreatment enhances heat tolerance of cucumber seedlings.
研究领域:
植物生理学
·
园艺学
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
RSC Advances
·
2019
·Vol. 9
·期 18
·9893-9898
·
IF 3.049
Qingju Liu,Ping Han,Hui Wang,Wenwen Gong,Xiaoyuan Feng
Currently known rapid determination of fungicides usually relies on antibody-based immunoassay. This paper reports a simple antibody-free colorimetric assay for chlorothalonil via the inhibition of an enzyme-triggered reaction. The enzymatic activity of glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase was significantly inhibited by chlorothalonil, and the color change of NBT-PMS system induced from NADH formation was suppressed, which could be used indirectly to assay chlorothalonil. The limit of detection (LOD) was 0.05 μM with a linear range from 0.5 to 10 μM, and the detection of 1 μM chlorothalonil in solution was achieved with a naked-eye readout. In addition, the colorimetric measurement results of the cucumber samples showed a good recovery rate, although the sensitivity was less effective than the instrumental method. Nevertheless, the results demonstrates that the chlorometric method provides potential opportunities for reliable, cost-effective quantitative detection for chlorothalonil residues in vegetables.
研究领域:
食品科学
·
分析化学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
ACS Omega
·
2023
·
IF 4.1
Yue Chen,Deliang Gao,Yueming Wu,Ling Wang,Weidi Fan,Yun Gao,Wenli Wang,Li Su,Beixing Li,Wei Mu,Weili Yu
Bupirimate is widely used as a highly active systemic fungicide. However, the frequent and heavy use of bupirimate has led to pesticide residues in crops that threaten human health and food safety. At present, there is limited research on the detection of ethirimol, which is the metabolite of bupirimate. This study established an ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS) method to simultaneously detect bupirimate and ethirimol residues based on QuEChERS pretreatment. The average recoveries of bupirimate and ethirimol in cucumber were between 95.2 and 98.7%, respectively, with relative standard deviations (RSDs) of 0.92–5.54% at fortified levels of 0.01, 0.1, and 5 mg L–1. The established method was used to determine the residues in field trials in 12 regions of China, and the final residues of bupirimate were all less than the maximum residue limit (MRL). Since the risk quotient (RQ) of bupirimate and ethirimol in cucumber was less than 1.3%, the dietary risk assessment indicated that bupirimate and ethirimol had a low long-term dietary risk to the general population in China. This study provides effective guidance on the proper use of bupirimate in cucumber fields and a reference for establishing the MRL of bupirimate in China.
研究领域:
植物保护
·
食品安全
·
分析化学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
MOLECULES
·
2017
·Vol. 22
·期 11
·1914
·
IF 2.861
Yong Wang,Jie Zhang,Yang Sun,Juntao Feng,Xing Zhang
Fusarium wilt and anthracnose are two major diseases which limit the yield and quality of cucumber worldwide. Cuminic acid was extracted from the seed ofCuminum cyminumL. The mean EC50values of cuminic acid for inhibiting mycelial growth and zoospore germination of fiveFusarium oxysporumf. sp.cucumerinumstrains were 25.66 ± 3.02 μg/mL and 15.99 ± 2.19 μg/mL, and of fourColletotrichum lagenarium(Pass.) Ellis and Halsted strains were 29.53 ± 3.18 μg/mL and 18.41 ± 2.78 μg/mL, respectively. In greenhouse experiments, cuminic acid at 2000 μg/mL exhibited 70.77% protective and 62.63% curative efficacies againstF. oxysporum, and 65.43% protective and 55.46% curative efficacies againstC. lagenarium. Moreover, the translocation behavior of cuminic acid, determined by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), showed that it could be readily absorbed and transported upward and downward in cucumber. Importantly, superoxide dismutase (SOD) and pyphenol oxidase (PPO) activities of cucumber leaves treated with cuminic acid increased significantly. All results indicated that cuminic acid showed antifungal activity, and could be used as a botanical fungicide in disease management. This study encourages further investigation on the mechanism of action of cuminic acid and the development of alternative antifungal drugs.Keywords:botanical fungicide;cuminic acid;cucumber;F. oxysporum;C. lagenarium;control efficacy
研究领域:
植物保护
·
分子生物学
✓ 已验证
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
PHYSIOLOGICAL AND MOLECULAR PLANT PATHOLOGY
·
2024
·
IF 2.8
Xin Li,Yuan Gao,Naveed Ahmad,Fanqi Bu,Mengfei Tian,Kaitao Jia,Wenxue Sun,Chunying Li,Chunjian Zhao
Cucumbers ( Cucumis sativus L.) are highly susceptible to infection by powdery mildew (PM), resulting in a deterioration of cucumber quality. The utilization of chemical control measures can effectively control cucumber PM; however, it may potentially give rise to issues such as environmental pollution, compromised safety, and drug resistance. The urgent need for a green, secure, and efficient strategy to manage cucumber PM necessitates attention. The predominant fungal pathogen causing PM in cucumbers is Podosphaera xanthii ( P. xanthii ) in this study. The preventive and control efficacy of Ficus carica Linn leaf extract (FLE) against P. xanthii was investigated for the first time. The preventive experiments entail pre-infection spraying of FLE prior to the occurrence of P. xanthii , while the curative experiments involve post-outbreak spraying of FLE. After comprehensive consideration, the optimal approach was determined to be spraying the front of cucumber leaves with a concentration of 0.04 mg/mL FLE in order to effectively control P. xanthii in leaf disc bioassay. The lowest superposition rate from FLE and trisodium phosphate dodecahydrate was 12.86 %, indicating that the impact of FLE on the respiratory metabolism of P. xanthii conidia primarily operates through the hexose monophosphate pathway (HMP). The growth of P. xanthii conidia and mycelium can be inhibited or delayed by FLE. The application of FLE can effectively mitigated chlorophyll loss, suppressed the activities of peroxidase (POD) and polyphenol oxidase (PPO), as well as enhanced the activities of phenylalanine ammonia lyase (PAL), chitinase , and β- 1,3-glucanase. Furthermore, three representative enzyme genes, PAL, POD, and chitinase , were chosen for the purpose of validation. The results suggested that FLE has the ability to modulate the expression of relevant enzyme genes, with peak effects observed after 3–4 days of treatment. The findings offer theoretical support for the advancement of novel botanical pesticides aimed at controlling crop diseases.
研究领域:
植物病理学
·
农业科学
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
危险品化学品经营许可证（带存储）