Foods
·
2024
·Vol. 13
·期 6
·827
·
IF 4.7
Jiayin Liang,Yuqing Xi,Jiaming Li,Shugui Xu,Yongqin Zheng,Meirong Xu,Zheng Zheng,Xiaoling Deng
Citri ReticulataePericarpium, especially the pericarp ofCitrus reticulataBlanco cv. Chachiensis (PCRC), is an important edible and medicinal ingredient for health and pharmacological properties. Citrus Huanglongbing, a devastating disease that currently threatens the citrus industry worldwide, is caused by a phloem-limited alpha-proteobacterium, “CandidatusLiberibacter asiaticus” (CLas). The industry of cultivar Chachiensis has been suffering from HLB. Although HLB affected the quality of citrus fruit, whether the quality of PCRC was affected by HLB remains unclear. In this study, we compared the metabolite profiles between HLB-affected and healthy PCRC from three sources: fresh, 6-month-old, and 9-year-old PCRC, through the untargeted LC–MS method. Compared to healthy controls, various types of bioactive compounds, mainly flavonoids, terpenoids, alkaloids, coumarins, polysaccharides, and phenolic acids, accumulated in HLB-affected PCRC, especially in the HLB-affected 9-year PCRC. In particular, isorhamnetin, isoliquiritigenin, luteolin 7-O-beta-D-glucoside, limonin, geniposide, pyrimidodiazepine, scoparone, chitobiose, m-coumaric acid, malonate, and pantothenic acid, which contributed to the pharmacological activity and health care effects of PCRC, were highly accumulated in HLB-affected 9-year-old PCRC compared to the healthy control. Multibioassay analyses revealed that HLB-affected 9-year-old PCRC had a higher content of total flavonoids and total polyphenols and exhibited similar antioxidant capacity as compared to healthy controls. The results of this study provided detailed information on the quality of HLB-affected PCRC.
研究领域:
植物科学
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药理学
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农业科学
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代谢组学
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DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
PLANT CELL REPORTS
·
2025
·Vol. 44
·期 2
·1-15
·
IF 4.5
Li Xue,Zhou Yue,Chen Hang,Guo Zetian,Zhang Jinlian,Chen Wenli
Key message The three SDEs of C Las were expressed in citrus leaves by AuNPs-PEI mediated transient expression system, and promoted the proliferation of C Las and inhibited citrus immunity. Huanglongbing (HLB) is the most severe bacterial disease of citrus caused by Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus ( C Las). C Las suppress host immune responses and promote infection by sec-dependent effectors (SDEs), thus insight into HLB pathogenesis is urgently needed to develop effective management strategies. In this study, we focused on the roles of SDE4310 , SDE4435 and SDE4955 in citrus. We found that the expression of SDE4310 , SDE4435 and SDE4955 to increase with increasing citrus immune genes CsPR1 , CsPR2 , CsPR5 , CsNPR1 , CsRBOHD , CsMAP3K and CsBIK1 , suggesting that the level of citrus immunity could be judged by the expression of SDE. To further explore the relationship between these three SDEs and citrus immunity, we established a transient expression system in citrus leaves, using gold nanoparticle-polyethyleneimine (AuNPs-PEI) to deliver recombinant plasmid containing SDE4310 , SDE4435 or SDE4955 respectively into citrus leaves. Results showed that SDE4310 , SDE4435 and SDE4955 were successfully expressed in citrus leaves using this transient expression system, and found that SDE4310 , SDE4435 and SDE4955 could promote the C Las proliferation by decreasing the immune gene expression of the citrus. Additionally, we used AuNPs-PEI to deliver siRNA 4310 to citrus cells, significantly reducing the expression of SDE4310 within 3 days. Although the suppression of SDE4310 expression did not inhibit the C Las proliferation, it increased the expression level of CsPR1 , CsNPR1 and CsBIK1 . This is also the first time that AuNPs-PEI has been found to be able to deliver exogenous plasmids into citrus cells and express the target protein, providing a new method for future studies on citrus HLB.
研究领域:
植物病理学
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分子生物学
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产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
ANALYTICAL BIOCHEMISTRY
·
2021
·
IF 3.365
Ahui Xue,Yongquan Liu,Haoxing Li,Meng Cui,Xueyong Huang,Wenjing Wang,Dong Wu,Xiali Guo,Yingbin Hao,Liping Luo
Huanglongbing (HLB), a devastating disease for citrus worldwide, is caused by Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus ( C Las). In this study, we employed a novel extractive electrospray ionization-mass spectrometry (EESI-MS) method to analyze the metabolites in leaves of uninfected and HLB-infected Newhall navel orange. The results showed that uninfected and HLB-infected leaves could be readily distinguished based on EESI-MS combined by multivariable analysis. Nine phenolic compounds involved in phenylpropanoid pathway, such as p -coumaric acid, naringin , and apigenin , were principal components to distinguish the leaves of uninfected and HLB-infected Newhall navel orange. Gene expression was also conducted to further explore the molecular mechanism of phenylpropanoid branch pathway in HLB. The expression of genes ( 4CL , HCT , CHI , CHS , CYP , and C12R ) involved in phenylpropanoid branch pathway was increased in asymptomatic and early period of HLB-infected leaves, while decreased in later period of HLB-infected leaves. This study provides a novel method for early detection of citrus HLB and suggests the regulation mechanism of phenylpropanoid pathway in the interaction between citrus and C Las.
研究领域:
植物病理学
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分子生物学
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分析化学
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DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
PHYTOPATHOLOGY
·
2024
·
IF 2.6
Sun Qifang,Yingbin Hao,Yongquan Liu,Meng Cui,Zhang Gaowei,Yu Wenjie,Liping Luo
Citrus Huanglongbing, one of the most devastating citrus diseases, is caused by Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus (CLas). Polyamines are aliphatic nitrogen-containing compounds that play important roles in disease resistance. However, the role of polyamine metabolism in the tolerance of citrus to infection with CLas have not been extensively studied. We used HPLC and UPLC-Q/TOF-MS to detect the contents of nine polyamine metabolism-related compounds (PMRCs) in six citrus cultivars with varying levels of tolerance to CLas. Moreover, we systematically detected the changes of PMRC and H2O2 contents, and compared the gene expression levels and activities of enzymes involved in the polyamine metabolic pathway among healthy, asymptomatic, and symptomatic leaves of Newhall navel oranges infected with CLas. The tolerant and moderately tolerant varieties showed higher PMRC levels than those of susceptible varieties. Compared with the healthy group, the symptomatic group showed significantly increased contents of arginine, ornithine, γ-aminobutyric acid, and putrescine by approximately 180, 19, 1.5, and 0.2 times, respectively, and up-regulated expression of biosynthetic genes. Arginase and ornithine decarboxylase enzyme activities were the highest in the symptomatic group, while arginine decarboxylase and agmatine deiminase enzyme activities were the highest in the asymptomatic group. The two polyamine biosynthetic pathways showed different trends with the increase of the titer of CLas, indicating that polyamines were mainly synthesized through the arginine decarboxylase pathway in the asymptomatic leaves, and were synthesized via the ornithine decarboxylase pathway in symptomatic leaves. These findings provide new insight into the changes of polyamine metabolism in citrus infected with CLas.
研究领域:
植物学
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分子生物学
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DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
Journal of Advanced Research
·
2024
·
IF 11.4
Li Cui,Guiyun Deng,Jianghong Wu,Fang Ding,Wenjie Wang,Haiyang Yu,Zhiyong Song,Changhui Rui,Heyou Han,Huizhu Yuan
Introduction Diaphorina citri is the most serious pest of citrus worldwide because it is the natural insect vector of huanglongbing. Cycloxaprid (Cyc) was highly toxic to D. citri . However, the poor solubility and stability had limited its development. Objectives In order to improve the insecticidal effect and stability to harsh climatic conditions of Cyc. Methods Cyc was chosen as the representative pesticide, 4,4′-methylenebis (phenyl isocyanate), PEG-600 and n-butanol were used to prepare sustained-release nano-gelation particles (Cyc@NGs). Results Cyc@NGs enhance the toxicity of Cyc more than 3 folds. Furthermore, Cyc@NGs showed excellent anti-rain and anti-UV capacity. After being exposed to ultraviolet light for 12 h, Cyc decreased by 100 %, while the insecticide content of Cyc@NGs only decreased by 25 %. Additionally, Cyc@NGs possessed better wettability on citrus leaves, mainly benefitting from its lower contact angle on citrus leaves. Moreover, FITC-labeled nano-gelation particles (FITC-NGs) exhibited high capability to penetrate and enrich in citrus leaf tissue and D. citri midgut. Consequently, NGs promoted the translocation and durability of insecticides, thereby, increasing the insecticidal activity. The results suggested that nano-gelation particle is a promising platform to deliver insecticides and Cyc@NGs would be the suitable candidate for the effective management of D. citri .
研究领域:
植物保护
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农药科学
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昆虫学
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产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
·
2024
·Vol. 25
·期 22
·11967
·
IF 4.9
Yuzhen Tian,Xizi Wang,Huoqing Huang,Xin Deng,Baihong Zhang,Yixuan Meng,Libo Wu,Hang Chen,Yun Zhong,Wenli Chen
Citrus Huanglongbing (HLB) is the most destructive citrus disease worldwide. The etiological agent responsible for this disease is “CandidatusLiberibacter asiaticus” (CLas), a phloem-restricted bacterium transmitted by psyllid vectors. To date, effective practical strategies for curing Citrus HLB remain elusive. Additionally, no susceptibility genes associated with HLB have been identified in Citrus species, thereby complicating the application of gene-editing techniques such as CRISPR-Cas9 to enhance resistance to HLB. The co-chaperoneDnaJplays a crucial role in protein folding and the regulation of various physiological activities, and it is also associated with multiple pathological processes.DnaJhas been extensively studied in many species, including Arabidopsis, rice, and wheat. However, there is limited information available regarding the DnaJ gene family in citrus. In this study, we conducted a comprehensive genome-wide analysis of the DnaJ family genes in various Citrus species. The Citrus genome was identified to contain 86DnaJgenes, which were unevenly distributed across nine chromosomes. Phylogenetic analysis indicated that these genes could be classified into six distinct groups. Furthermore, transcriptomic analysis revealed that nineDnaJgenes exhibited significantly higher induction in HLB-infected samples relative to non-HLB-infected Citrus.Cis-acting elements within the promoters ofDnaJgenes were also examined, revealing the presence of hormone and defense/stress responsiveness elements (TC-rich) distributed on theClDJC24gene. The results were validated using quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR). Additionally, the silencing ofClDJC24suggested that this gene negatively regulates disease resistance in Citrus. Our study provided useful clues for further functional characterization and constructed a theoretical foundation for disease-resistant breeding in Citrus.
研究领域:
植物病理学
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分子生物学
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基因组学
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植物遗传学
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产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE
·
2025
·
IF 3.8
Jiayao Fan,Huimin Pan,Chenyang Yuan,Tianyuan Liu,Feng Shang,Yuxi Zhou,Yifan Gao,Long Yi,Jinjun Wang,Wei Dou
BACKGROUND Phenotypic plasticity is generally regarded as a crucial adaptation that enables organisms to survive in the face of environmental changes. Diaphorina citri , a vector of Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus ( C Las) that causes citrus Huanglongbing, displays three distinct body color morphotypes: blue/green, gray/brown, and orange/yellow morphs. Here, dynamics monitoring of D. citri population in the field was established to identify the occurrence peak. The orange/yellow is a shared phenotype, and hence we focused on the two most prevalent color morphs blue/green and gray/brown. We evaluated the life-history characteristics and susceptibility to insecticides of the two color morphs. For the association between the body color polyphenism and C Las, we compared the C Las acquisition efficiency of field and laboratory populations, and investigated immunological competence of the two color morphs. RESULTS Diaphorina citri adults were present in all seasons in year one, with higher incidences recorded in July, August, and September. During these periods, the blue/green morph predominated in the field, while during the overwintering period, the proportion of gray/brown morph increased. Population parameters showed no significant differences between the two color morphs. Additionally, gray/brown morphs were more susceptible to insecticides and C Las acquisition. Furthermore, the two color morphs displayed different immune responses to pathogen infection. CONCLUSION The C Las infection rate was closely associated with color morphology in D. citri . Different field distribution and trait combinations of the two color morphs represent their responses to variable environments. This study not only broadens the understanding of color polyphenism, but it may also provide potential implication for controlling strategies in D. citri . © 2025 Society of Chemical Industry.
研究领域:
昆虫学
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植物病理学
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产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
Antibiotics-Basel
·
2020
·Vol. 9
·期 12
·874
·
IF 3.893
Chuanyu Yang,Hanqing Hu,Yihong Wu,Xiongjie Lin,Goucheng Fan,Yongping Duan,Charles Powell,Veronica Ancona,Muqing Zhang
Citrus huanglongbing (HLB) is a devastating disease for the citrus industry. The previous studies demonstrated that oxytetracycline and penicillin are effective antibiotics againstCandidatusLiberibacter asiaticus (CLas). However, sinceCLas is uncultured, the mechanisms of action of antibiotics againstCLas are still unclear. It was recently reported that the endophytic microbial communities are associated with the progression of citrus HLB after oxytetracycline and penicillin treatment. Therefore, we hypothesize that penicillin has greater antibacterial activity againstCLas than oxytetracycline, which may be associated with the alteration of the structure and function of endophytic microbial communities in HLB-affected citrus in response to these antibiotics. To test this hypothesis, the microbiome of HLB-affected citrus leaves treated with these two antibiotics was analyzed using a metagenomic method. Our results indicate that the microbial structure and function in HLB-affected citrus were altered by these two antibiotics. The relative abundance of beneficial bacterial species, includingStreptomyces avermitilisandBradyrhizobium,was higher in penicillin-treated plants compared to those treated with oxytetracycline, and the relative abundance of the bacterial species (such asPropionibacterium acnesandSynechocystissp PCC 6803) associated withCLas survival was lower for penicillin-treated plants compared to oxytetracycline-treated plants. These results indicate that penicillin has greater antibacterial activity againstCLas. Based on the metagenomic analysis, this study elucidated the mechanism for the observed increase in antibacterial activity of penicillin againstCLas. The data presented here are not only invaluable for developing eco-friendly and effective biocontrol strategies to combat citrus HLB, but also provide a method for revealing mechanism of antimicrobial against uncultured bacteria in host.Keywords:citrus Huanglongbing;endophytic microbiome;oxytetracyline;penicillin;mode of action
研究领域:
植物病理学
·
微生物学
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产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL MACROMOLECULES
·
2024
·
IF 7.7
Guiyun Deng,Feifan Lu,Shuojun Li,Yuying Long,Jianghong Wu,Xiaofeng Guo,Chunyin Li,Zhiyong Song,Mohamed F. Foda,Fang Ding,Heyou Han
Citrus Huanglongbing (HLB) poses an enormous challenge to Citrus cultivation worldwide, necessitating groundbreaking interventions beyond conventional pharmaceutical methods. In this study, we propose molybdenum disulfide-chitosan nanoparticles (MoS 2 -CS NPs) through electrostatic adsorption, preserving the plant-beneficial properties of molybdenum disulfide (MoS 2 ), while enhancing its antibacterial effectiveness through chitosan modification. MoS 2 -CS NPs exhibited significant antibacterial efficacy against RM1021 , and the closest relatives to Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus ( C Las), Erwinia carotovora , and Xanthomonas citri achieved survival rates of 7.40 % ± 1.74 %, 8.94 % ± 1.40 %, and 6.41 % ± 0.56 %, respectively. In vivo results showed, C Las survival rate of 10.42 % ± 3.51 %. Furthermore, treatment with MoS 2 -CS NPs resulted in an increase in chlorophyll and carotenoid content. Concomitantly, a significant reduction in malondialdehyde (MDA), soluble sugar, hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2 ), and starch contents was also observed. Mechanistically, MoS 2 -CS NPs enhanced the activity of antioxidant-related enzymes by upregulating the expression of antioxidant genes, thereby galvanizing the antioxidant system to alleviate oxidative stress. Collectively, this dual functionality—combining direct antibacterial action with the activation of plant defense mechanisms—marks a promising strategy for managing Citrus Huanglongbing and suggests potential agricultural applications for MoS 2 -based antibacterial treatments.
研究领域:
植物病理学
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农业科学
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纳米生物学
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产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
ANALYTICAL AND BIOANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY
·
2020
·Vol. 412
·期 13
·3091-3101
·
IF 3.637
Liu Yongquan,Xue Ahui,Ding Lili,Hao Yingbin,Liu Huihui,Cui Meng,Liu Lihua,Nie Zongxiu,Luo Liping
Citrus Huanglongbing (HLB) is one of the most destructive citrus diseases worldwide, and is associated with the phloem-limited plant pathogenic bacteria Candidatus Liberibacter species. However, there is a latency period during which newly infected trees do not show symptoms, creating challenges for the early detection of HLB. In order to establish a method for rapid detection and to assess the metabolite differences between healthy and HLB-affected Newhall navel oranges, we used matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF-MS) to study asymptomatic and symptomatic leaf extracts compared with healthy leaves. The results showed that healthy, asymptomatic, and symptomatic leaves were distinguishable using MALDI-TOF-MS combined with multivariable analysis. Discriminant analysis (DA) results showed that the accuracy of discrimination of the training set and the success rate of cross-validation analysis were both 100%. Blind testing revealed that nine validation samples were correctly classified to their corresponding group. In addition, 32 MS peaks of metabolites had significant differences between healthy and different HLB-affected navel orange leaves. Among 32 MS peaks, the relative content of nine substances showed an upward trend, and 19 metabolites showed a downward trend, including a significant decrease in malate and citrate, with an increase in HLB bacterial populations. Malate and citrate were found to be specifically reduced in infected leaves regardless of whether symptoms appeared. Thus, they could be used as potential biomarkers for early detection of HLB, reducing false-negative results caused by uneven distribution of the HLB bacterial pathogen. This novel method can efficiently differentiate HLB-affected samples from the host population and provide new information for early detection of HLB in citrus. The entire process from metabolite extraction to the collection of mass spectra of citrus leaves was a simple operation, with no need for sterile conditions. We believe this strategy has significant implications for rapid and effective HLB screening.
Graphical abstract
研究领域:
植物病理学
·
代谢组学
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产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY
·
2023
·
IF 7.4
Ximeng Liu,Man Yi,Wenzheng Mo,Qiaoyun Huang,Zhengxu Huang,Bin Hu
Huanglongbing (HLB) is one of the most serious citrus diseases in the world. Rapid, onsite, and accurate field detection of HLB is a challenging task in analytical science for a long time. Herein, we have developed a novel HLB detection method that combines headspace solid phase microextraction with portable gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (PGC-MS) approach for onsite field detection of volatile metabolites of citrus leaves. Detectability and characteristics of HLB-affected metabolites from leaves were validated, and the important biomarkers were verified by authentic compounds. A machine learning approach based on random forest algorithm is established to model the volatile metabolites from healthy, symptomatic, and asymptomatic citrus leaves. In this work, a total of 147 citrus leaf samples were analyzed. Analytical performances of this newly developed method were investigated by in-field detection of various volatile metabolites. Results demonstrated limits of detection and quantification of 0.04–0.12 and 0.17–0.44 ng/mL for different metabolites, respectively. Linear calibration curves of various metabolites were established over a concentration dynamic range of at least three orders (R2 > 0.96). Good reproducibility was obtained for intraday (3.0–17.5%, n = 6) and interday precision (8.7–18.2%, n = 7). This new HLB field detection method provides a rapid detection with 6 min for each sample via a simple optimized procedure, including onsite sampling, PGC–MS analysis, and data process and provides a high accuracy (93.3%) for simultaneous identification of healthy, symptomatic, and asymptomatic trees. These data support the use of this new method for reliable field detection of HLB. Furthermore, metabolic pathways of HLB-affected metabolites were also proposed. Overall, our results not only provide a rapid and onsite field HLB detection method but also provide valuable information for understanding metabolic change of HLB infection.
研究领域:
植物病理学
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分析化学
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机器学习应用
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DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
Journal of Materials Chemistry B
·
2022
·Vol. 10
·期 30
·5835-5841
·
IF 7.571
Jinmin Wang,Limin Zhao,Bing Yan
Quantitative identification of several volatile organic compounds (VOCs) associated with the same disease provides a strong guarantee of the accurate analysis of the disease. Designing a single luminescent material to interact differently with multiple analytes can generate response patterns with remarkable diversity. Here, a highly green luminescent imine-based 2D COF (TtDFP) is designed and synthesized. TtDFP has ultrasensitive detection performance for trace water in organic solvent. Constructing a ratiometric fluorescence sensor can improve sensitivity for detecting analytes. To contrast the fluorescence signals of Eu3+ and COFs in sensing assays, a simple postsynthetic modification (PSM) method is used to introduce Eu3+ into TtDFP. The obtained red luminescent hybrid material Eu3+@TtDFP EVA film can be a fluorescent nose capable of “sniffing out” and quantifying VOCs (GA and PhA) associated with Huanglongbing (HLB, a devastating disease of citrus) at ppb levels. This work provides a technique of developing functionalized COF hybrid material to facilitate the distinction of various VOCs, which can also be extended to monitor the levels of other VOCs relevant to human health.
研究领域:
植物病理学
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材料科学
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分析化学
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产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
危险品化学品经营许可证（带存储）