JOURNAL OF THERMAL ANALYSIS AND CALORIMETRY
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2025
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IF 3.1
Tian Lu,Shi Xianrui,Shen Jinpeng,Li Zhaoqian,Pei Chonghua
In order to obtain the composite with uniform composition, excellent energy release and combustion performance, nano-sulfur/graphene oxide composite (SG) was prepared by in situ anchoring nano-sulfur on graphene oxide (GO), then mixed with KNO 3 to obtain nano-sulfur/GO/KNO 3 composite (SGK). The morphology, composition, thermal decomposition and combustion performance of the composites were characterized by SEM, TEM, XRD, IR, XPS, DSC, TG-DSC-FTIR and HSVR. The results show that nano-S was anchored in situ on GO nanosheets and KNO 3 was embedded in SG. The average diameter of nano-S is approximately 20 ~ 40 nm and the size of KNO 3 is approximately 2 ~ 5 μm. The BET surface area of SGK composite is about 14 m 2 g −1 . The exothermic peak temperature of SGK was lower about 15 °C than that of the physical mixture. The reaction activation energy of SGK is 170.9 kJ mol −1 and 173.7 kJ mol −1 by Kissinger and Ozawa methods, respectively, which is lower by about 15 kJ mol −1 than the physical mixture. Compared with standard black powder, the average combustion speed of SGK increased by 8.4 mm s.
研究领域:
材料科学
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化学工程
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF FORENSIC SCIENCES
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2024
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IF 1.5
Can Hu,Yang Huang,Hongcheng Mei,Hongling Guo,Ping Wang,Yajun Li,Xianhe Deng,Jun Zhu
The stable isotope analysis of black powder (BP) is of great significance for its comparison and source inference. Previous studies have verified the feasibility of distinguishing different BP samples through stable isotopes. However, the impact of raw materials and synthesis processes on the stable isotopes of BP remains unclear. On the one hand, the raw materials of BP are widely sourced, and whether stable isotopes can distinguish different source materials remains to be studied. On the other hand, the synthesis of BP involves the physical mixing of raw materials, and whether this process leads to isotope fractionation also needs further investigation. To address these problems, stable isotope ratios of 27 charcoals, 15 potassium nitrates, 6 self-made and 10 commercial BP samples were analyzed. The results showed that the stable isotope ratios can be utilized to distinguish charcoals and potassium nitrates from different manufacturers and batches. No significant differences in the nitrogen and oxygen stable isotope ratios between the self-made BP and its raw materials were observed, indicating that the physical mixing process does not induce significant fractionation of stable isotopes. However, the carbon stable isotope ratios of charcoal increased (within 2SD) after being synthesized into BP. Due to the utilization of additives and variations in the synthesis process, the correlation between the stable isotope ratios of commercial BP and its raw materials was complex. The findings of this study provide a scientific reference for tracing the source of BP.
研究领域:
法医学
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化学
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材料科学
✓ 已验证
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
Cell Reports Physical Science
·
2021
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IF 0
Guangfa Wang,Zhenzhen Cai,Xincun Dou
Summary Rapid and precise sensory arrays could help mitigate against terrorist attacks with improvised explosives. However, the complexity of data processing methods is one of the greatest barriers to the future development of sensory arrays. Here, we present a colorimetric logic design that makes full use of a YES/NO logic gate for rapid discrimination and a colorimetric decoder for further precise judgment. The identification ability of this logic design for the most popular improvised explosives (i.e., nitrate-based improvised explosives), including black powder (BP), ammonium nitrate (AN), urea nitrate (UN), and their related constituents, is verified by integrating different colorimetric hydrogel units into a sensory array. Although the resulting outcome validates this methodology effectively, it remains at proof-of-concept. That said, we believe that its application could also be extended to other fields, such as drug detection, environmental pollution, and diagnostic devices.
研究领域:
化学传感
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安全检测
✓ 已验证
DOI
TALANTA
·
2025
·
IF 6.1
Binwang Yang,Xiuqing Zheng,Feiyu Lu,Jianna Yu,Guoxing Jing,Wen Liu,Wenshan Li,Zhaohong Wang,Wenjie Liu
Black powder (BP), a low-explosive mixture, is created by mixing sulfur, potassium nitrate, and charcoal, poses significant risks due to its flammability and potential use in illicit activities. Accurate detection of black powder (BP) is crucial for public safety, security, and regulatory compliance. However, the detection of BP is challenging when using miniaturized ion mobility spectrometers because of the sulfur ion peak overlaps heavily with that of the reactant ions ( O 2 − ( H 2 O ) n ). A simple method is proposed in this study for accurate and sensitive detection of BP, utilizing a miniaturized Fourier deconvolution ion mobility spectrometer (FD-IMS), which directly improves the resolution between the O 2 − ( H 2 O ) n peak and the sulfur ion peak without the need to add any chlorinated hydrocarbon modifiers, and avoids the complexities and contamination risks posed by modifiers in the conventional method. The demonstrated device achieved a resolution of up to 2.07 between the O 2 − ( H 2 O ) n and S 3 − ion peaks at a drift region voltage and length of 1.54 kV and 42.5 mm, under optimized detection temperature and drift gas humidity, with a minimum detectable quality of sulfur of less than 0.1 ng. It was proven that this miniaturized FD-IMS is qualified to detect trace level BP less than 1 ng as well as other nitro-organic explosives.
研究领域:
分析化学
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安全科学
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爆炸物检测
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
危险品化学品经营许可证（带存储）