Xiaoli Zhang,Tingting Li,Jindong Tong,Meihong Zhou,Zi Wang,Xingdang Liu,Wei Lu,Jingjing Lou,Qingtong Yi
Background/Objectives: The purpose of this study was to develop the gemcitabine-loaded drug-eluting beads (G-DEBs) for transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) in rabbit renal tumors and to evaluate their antitumor effect using 2-deoxy-2-[(18)F]fluoro-D-glucose positron emission tomography/X-ray computed tomography (18F-FDG PET/CT). Methods: DEBs were prepared by polyvinyl alcohol-based macromer crosslinked withN-acryl tyrosine andN,N′-methylenebis(acrylamide). Gemcitabine was loaded through ion change to obtain G-DEBs. Their particle size and drug release profile were characterized. VX2 tumors were implanted in the right kidney of rabbits to establish the renal tumor model. The tumor-bearing rabbits received pre-scan by18F-FDG PET/CT, followed by targeted transarterial injection of G-DEBs under digital subtraction angiography (DSA) guidance. The rabbits received another18F-FDG PET/CT scan 10 or 14 days after the treatment. The therapeutic effect was further validated by histopathological analysis of the dissected tumors. Results: The average particle size of the microspheres was 58.06 ± 0.50 µm, and the polydisperse index was 0.26 ± 0.002. The maximum loading rate of G-DEBs was 18.09 ± 0.35%, with almost 100% encapsulation efficiency. Within 24 h, GEM was eluted from G-DEBs rapidly and completely, and more than 20% was released in different media. DSA illustrated that G-DEBs were delivered to rabbit renal tumors. Compared with the untreated control group with increased tumor volume and intense18F -FDG uptake, the G-DEBs group showed significant reductions in tumor volume and maximum standard uptake value (SUVmax) 10 or 14 days after the treatment. Histopathological analysis confirmed that the proliferating area of tumor cells was significantly reduced in the G-DEBs group. Conclusions: Our results demonstrated that G-DEBs are effective in TACE treatment of rabbit VX2 renal tumors, and18F-FDG PET/CT provides a non-invasive imaging modality to monitor the antitumor effects of TACE in renal tumors.
Jiapei Lei,Jie Yu,Xiaotao Zheng,Xiangguo Lai,Junlin Chen,Min Yang,Meng Yu,Yin Wang,Ning Tan
Neonatal bilirubin encephalopathy arises from unconjugated bilirubin deposition in the brain. Conventional tests are limited: serum bilirubin does not reflect intracerebral load, and MRI T1 changes are late and confounded by myelination. We evaluated whether 18 F-FDG PET detects early metabolic abnormalities and monitor progression. Twelve Sprague–Dawley rat were randomly assigned to bilirubin-exposed or control groups. The bilirubin-exposed group received intraperitoneal bilirubin from postnatal day 3. 18 F-FDG PET/CT was performed on days 7 and 21, and regional standardized uptake values and cerebellum-normalized SUV ratios were quantified. Serum bilirubin, histology, immunohistochemistry and qRT-PCR were assessed in parallel. The model showed elevated serum bilirubin ( p < 0.001) and neuronal injury. On day 7, PET revealed regional hypermetabolism in hippocampus and thalamus ( p < 0.01), coinciding with increased IL-6 (cortex, thalamus) and TNF-α (thalamus). By day 21, widespread hypometabolism involved cortex, basal ganglia, hippocampus, thalamus, and brainstem ( p < 0.001), with only residual thalamic IL-6. GFAP indicated persistent astrocytic activation, whereas MAP2 and NeuN were largely preserved. The SUV ratio analysis showed a pattern consistent with the SUV-based findings. 18 F-FDG PET detected age-dependent metabolic alterations in bilirubin encephalopathy and may be useful for early detection and longitudinal monitoring.
Zi Wang,Liang Cai,Tingting Xu,Dan Tang,Lin Liu,Yue Chen
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic autoimmune disease characterized by systemic, symmetrical, and erosive synovitis. RA is one of the most common disabling diseases in the clinic. The main clinical intervention strategies are early diagnosis and early treatment. This study aims to predict the diagnostic value of 68Ga-citrate and 18F-FDG PET/CT in RA by comparing and analyzing the value of 68Ga-citrate and 18F-FDG PET/CT for diagnosing type II collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) in rats. Some CIA models were established. Normal rats were selected as the control group, and 23 days and 40 days were selected as the early and late time points of arthritis, respectively. The semiquantitative analysis of CIA rats was carried out with 68Ga-citrate PET/CT and 18F-FDG PET/CT, and the ratio of the maximum standardized uptake (SUVmax) values in the regions of interest (ROIs) of the hind foot ankle joint and thigh muscle was calculated and statistically analyzed. The distribution of CIA rats in vivo at the 68Ga-citrate 90 min time point was studied, and the ankle tissues were evaluated with hematoxylin and eosin (HE) staining. 68Ga-citrate PET/CT is obviously superior to 18F-FDG PET/CT for CIA imaging, and the statistical results show that the difference between the two examination methods is statistically significant (). The uptake of these two radiopharmaceuticals showed the same trend in arthritis rats with different scores. The distribution of 68Ga-citrate at 90 min is consistent with the trend shown by 68Ga-citrate PET/CT. 68Ga-citrate PET/CT can reflect the inflammatory activity of affected joints in CIA rats earlier and more sensitively than 18F-FDG PET/CT, and this imaging advantage continues until the later stage of inflammation. Therefore, 68Ga-citrate PET/CT is worthy of further promotion and application in the clinical diagnosis of RA.
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