It is an urgent subject to search high-performance shale inhibitors used in water-based drilling fluids for drilling safety. In the present work, two imidazolium-based ionic liquids (ILs), 1-hexyl −3-methylimidazolium bromide (BMH) and its corresponding gemini type, 1,2-bis(3-hexylimidazolium-1-yl) ethane bromide (HMH), were introduced as promising shale inhibitors. The inhibition performances were assessed and compared with the conventional inhibitors potassium chloride and polyether diamine (PDA) via the inhibition evaluation tests including sodium bentonite (Na-bent) pellets immersing tests, linear swelling tests and shale hot-rolling recovery tests. Both ILs inhibitors, especially HMH, shown terrific inhibition performance with lower dosages and maintained high-performance at temperature up to 160 °C. The inhibition mechanism was analyzed by FTIR , X-ray diffraction (XRD), Zeta potential tests, particle size distribution measurement, contact angle measurement and surface tension measurement. The results demonstrated both BMH and HMH effectively inhibit the shale hydration and swelling. HMH, with two positively charged headgroups and two hydrophobic tails, was better than BMH in entering the interlayer space of clay, reducing Zeta potential, forming hydrophobic shield and reducing the surface tension, which was responsible for its superior inhibition performance.
Electronic crosstalk, signal propagation delay and loss on the redistribution layers (RDLs) have been increasingly serious along with the rapid development of wafer-level packing (WLP). Polyimide films with low dielectric permittivity (D k ) and low dielectric loss (D f ) at high frequency are in demand imminently as interlayer materials. In this work, a novel kind of intrinsic silane-containing polyimide was designed and prepared by the reactions of 1,3-Bis(3-aminopropyl)tetramethyldisiloxane (APDS) and 4,4′-Oxydianiline (ODA) with 2,2-Bis(3,4-anhydrodicarboxyphenyl) hexafluoropropane (6FDA). The chemical structure of polyimide was studied by FT-IR spectrum and NMR and their dielectric properties and other performances were systematically analyzed. Results showed that the lowest D k and D f of polyimide (6FDA/APDS) was 2.66 and 6 × 10 −4 at 10 GHz. Furthermore, the dielectric permittivity and loss of silane-containing polyimide decreased with increasing the content of silane . The excellent dielectric properties were attributed to decreasing polarization and increasing the free volume of molecular chains when the silane was introduced into the molecular structure of polyimide. This work provided guidance for the intrinsic silane-containing polyimide with low dielectric properties.
危险品化学品经营许可证（带存储）