LWT-FOOD SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
·
2022
·
IF 6.056
Jirui Kun,Qing Meng,Chia-Cheng Wei,Guanhua Xie,Jingna Yan,Chi-Tang Ho,Huarong Tong
Cup aroma refers to the volatiles emitted from an empty cup after tea infusion. In this study, gas chromatography–olfactometry (GC–O) and the odor activity value (OAV) approach were employed to investigate the composition of fermented soybean-like cup aroma from raw Pu-erh tea. Further, the aroma recombination and omission tests were performed, and the results demonstrated that 2-methylbutyric acid, acetic acid, 4-methyl-3-penten-2-one, ethyl isobutyrate, nonanoic acid, and phenylacetic acid exhibited relatively high aroma intensities (AI) and OAVs among the 12 odor-active compounds that were detected in the fermented soybean-like cup aroma. The aroma recombination, which was performed employing the 12 odorants with AI ≥1 successfully mimicked the overall aroma profile of the fermented soybean-like cup aroma. The omission test revealed that 2-methylbutyric acid contributed significantly to the fermented soybean-like cup aroma. And the enantiomeric ratio (ER) of the ( S )- to ( R )-forms of 2-methylbutyric acid was 67:33.
研究领域:
食品科学
·
分析化学
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产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
WORLD JOURNAL OF MICROBIOLOGY & BIOTECHNOLOGY
·
2025
·Vol. 41
·期 4
·1-15
·
IF 4.2
Zhao Jing-yi,Gao Fan,Wu Mengru,Li Yang,Chen Yong,Xiao Zijun
Enantiopure ( S )-2-methylbutanoic acid [( S )-2-MBA] is a high-value chiral compound with applications in fragrances, pharmaceuticals, and agrochemicals. However, conventional chemical synthesis lacks stereoselectivity, while existing biosynthetic methods suffer from low yield and purity. Here, we report a novel microbial process using Bacillus spizizenii ATCC 6633 for efficient ( S )-2-MBA production via L-isoleucine catabolism. Through targeted screening of rhizospheric soil isolates and Bacillaceae strains, ATCC 6633 demonstrated superior performance, producing 3.67 g/L ( S )-2-MBA with 99.32% enantiomeric excess ( ee ) under optimized conditions (45 °C, 8% inoculation, 5 g/L glucose, and 8 g/L L-isoleucine). A 58.92% conversion efficiency was achieved, and a simplified purification process recovered 63.90% product with 97.32% purity. Mechanistic studies suggested glucose depletion triggered ( S )-2-MBA accumulation, aligning with starvation-induced secondary metabolism. This cost-effective, eco-friendly approach eliminates racemic separation steps and harsh reagents, positioning ATCC 6633 as a promising biocatalyst for sustainable ( S )-2-MBA production.
研究领域:
生物化学
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微生物学
·
有机化学
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产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
FOOD RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL
·
2025
·
IF 8
Miao Hu,Yaxin Gao,Weimin Meng,Pengfei Zhang,Jiao Wang,Zifan Yuan,Bei Fan,Fengzhong Wang,Shuying Li
Bacillus subtilis is the primary strain used in fermented soy products. The applicant fermented soymilk with the laboratory strain B. subtilis BSNK-5 to enhance nutrient density. However, prolonged fermentation caused rapid deterioration in flavor, resulting in an off-flavor poorly accepted by consumers, limiting its industrial application. Studies identified isovaleric acid (IVA), isobutyric acid (IBA), and 2-methylbutyric acid (2-MBA) as the main off-flavor compounds. The mechanism controlling off-flavor release remains unclear. Therefore, soybean protein was used as a model to investigate off-flavor release by analyzing binding percentage, physicochemical properties, conformation, and interaction forces. The modification of off-flavor by phenolic compounds was also examined. Results showed that soybean protein bound over 90 % of the flavor compounds, including a 98.6 % binding rate for IVA. Binding between soybean protein and off-flavor compounds was confirmed by the formation of large aggregates, decreased surface hydrophobicity, and a structural transformation from α-helix to β-sheet. Hydrogen bonds and hydrophobic interactions were identified as the primary interaction forces. Adding phenolic compounds significantly reduced soybean protein binding to flavor compounds. Phenolic compounds had a stronger binding affinity to soybean protein compared to flavor compounds and occupied binding sites on soybean protein, preventing flavor compound binding. L-epicatechin, (−)-epicatechin gallate, and epigallocatechin-3-gallate primarily occupied binding sites for 2-MBA, while ferulic acid, chlorogenic acid, and caffeic acid occupied sites for IVA, IBA, and 2-MBA. This research aids in controlling flavor release by soybean protein in food systems, supporting the development of nutrient-rich fermented foods.
研究领域:
食品科学
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微生物学
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产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF ANIMAL PHYSIOLOGY AND ANIMAL NUTRITION
·
2018
·Vol. 102
·期 4
·901-909
·
IF 1.607
C. Wang,Q. Liu,G. Guo,W. J. Huo,C. X. Pei,S. L. Zhang,H. Wang
Summary This study evaluated the effects of dietary concentrate levels and 2-methylbutyrate (2MB) supplementation on performance, ruminal fermentation, bacteria abundance, microbial enzyme activity and urinary excretion of purine derivatives (PD) in steers. Eight ruminally cannulated Simmental steers (12 months of age; 389 ± 3.7 kg of body weight) were used in a replicated 4 × 4 Latin square design with a 2 × 2 factorial arrangement. Moderate-concentrate (400 g/kg diet [MC]) or high-concentrate (600 g/kg diet [HC]) diets were fed with or without 2MB (0 g/day [2MB−] or 15.0 g/day [2MB+]). Dry matter intake and average daily gain increased, but feed conversion ratio decreased with the HC diet or 2MB supplementation. Ruminal pH decreased, but total volatile fatty acid increased with the HC diet or 2MB supplementation. Molar proportion of acetate and acetate-to-propionate ratio decreased with the HC diet, but increased with 2MB supplementation. Propionate molar proportion and ruminal NH 3 -N content increased with the HC diet, but decreased with 2MB supplementation. Neutral detergent fibre degradability decreased with the HC diet, but increased with 2MB supplementation. Crude protein degradability increased with the HC diet or 2MB supplementation. Abundance of Ruminococcus albus , Ruminococcus flavefaciens , Fibrobacter succinogenes and Bufyrivibrio fibrisolvens as well as activities of carboxymethyl cellulase, cellobiase, xylanase and pectinase decreased with the HC diet, but increased with 2MB supplementation. However, abundance of Prevotella ruminicola and Ruminobacter amylophilus as well as activities of α-amylase and protease increased with the HC diet or 2MB supplementation. Total PD excretion also increased with the HC diet or 2MB supplementation. The results suggested that growth performance, ruminal fermentation, CP degradability and total PD excretion increased with increasing dietary concentrate level from 40% to 60% or 2MB supplementation. The observed diet × 2MB interaction indicated that supplementation of 2MB was more efficacious for improving growth performance, ruminal fermentation and total PD excretion with promoted ruminal bacteria abundance and enzyme activity in the MC diet than in the HC diet.
研究领域:
动物营养学
·
微生物学
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产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
ANIMAL FEED SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
·
2016
·
IF 1.713
Q. Liu,C. Wang,Y.L Zhang,C.X. Pei,S.L Zhang,H.Q. Li,G. Guo,Y.J. Huo,W.Z. Yang,H. Wang
The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of 2-methylbutyrate supplementation on growth performance and rumen development in pre- and post-weaned dairy calves. Fifty-six Chinese Holstein male calves with 15 days of age and 46.5 ± 0.37 kg of body weight (BW) were randomly assigned to one of four groups. The treatments were: control, low-2-methylbutyrate (LMB), moderate-2-methylbutyrate (MMB) and high-2-methylbutyrate (HMB) with 0, 3, 6 and 9 g 2-methylbutyrate per calf per day, respectively. Supplemental 2-methylbutyrate was hand- mixed into milk in pre-weaned calves and the concentrate portion of post-weaned calves. The study lasted 75 days, including a 15-day adaptation period and followed by a 60-day sampling period. Calves were weaned at 60 days of age. Six calves were chosen from each treatment at random and slaughtered at 30 and 90 days of age. Body weight, dry matter (DM) intake and stomach weight were measured, samples of ruminal tissues and blood were determined. DM intake increased linearly (P < 0.03) for post-weaned calves and overall DM intake with increasing 2-methylbutyrate supplementation and was higher for MMB and HMB than for LMB and control (P < 0.05). Average daily gain (ADG) increased linearly (P < 0.05) for pre-weaned calves, post-weaned calves and overall ADG with increasing 2-methylbutyrate supplementation, and was higher for MMB and HMB than for LMB and control (P < 0.05). Total stomach weight for pre- and post-weaned calves increased linearly (P < 0.05) and was higher for MMB and HMB than for LMB and control (P < 0.05). The ratio of rumen weight to total stomach weight tended to increase linearly (P = 0.055) for pre-weaned calves and increased linearly (P = 0.019) for post-weaned calves, whereas the ratio of abomasum weight to total stomach weight decreased linearly (P < 0.05) for pre-weaned calves and post-weaned calves with increasing 2-methylbutyrate supplementation. The ratio of total stomach weight to body weight for pre-weaned calves and post-weaned calves increased linearly (P < 0.05) and was higher for MMB and HMB than for LMB and control (P < 0.05). Both the length and width of rumen papillae, and the relative expression of mRNA for growth hormone receptor (GHR) and 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA synthase 1 (HMGCS1) in rumen mucosa tended to increase linearly for pre-weaned calves, but increased linearly (P < 0.05) for post-weaned calves and was higher for MMB and HMB than for LMB and control (P < 0.05). Blood concentrations of BHBA increased linearly (P < 0.05) for post-weaned calves with increasing 2-methylbutyrate supplementation and was higher for MMB and HMB than for LMB and control (P < 0.05). Blood concentrations of GH and IGF-1 increased linearly (P < 0.05) for pre- and post-weaned calves with increasing 2-methylbutyrate supplementation and was higher for MMB and HMB than for LMB and control (P < 0.05). The present results indicated that 2-methylbutyrate accelerated growth of calves by improving rumen development and its ketogenesis. The 2-methylbutyrate stimulates the growth performance and rumen development of dairy calves in a dose-dependent manner. In the experimental conditions of this trial, the optimum 2-methylbutyrate dose was about 6.0 g 2-methylbutyrate per calf per day.
研究领域:
动物科学
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营养学
·
反刍动物生理学
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DOI
高影响因子
FOOD RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL
·
2024
·
IF 7
Rui Wang,Yi Zeng,Jiaqian Liang,Huixin Zhang,Junjie Yi,Zhijiia Liu
Fermented vegetables are known for their unique flavors and aromas, which are influenced by the complex microbial processes that occur during fermentation. Rhodotorula mucilaginosa is a red yeast strain that is frequently isolated from fermented vegetables. However, the specific mechanisms underlying their effects on aroma production remain unclear. In this study, a simulated system of vegetables fermented using vegetable juices was used to investigate the effects of R. mucilaginosa inoculation on aroma development. The results demonstrated that this red yeast strain could utilize the nutrients present in the vegetable juices to support its growth and reproduction. Moreover, the inoculation of fermented vegetable juices with this yeast strain led to an increase in the levels of umami amino acids and sweet amino acids. Furthermore, this yeast strain was found able to significantly reduce the content of sulfur-containing compounds, which may decrease the unpleasant odor of fermented vegetables. Additionally, the yeast strain was capable of producing high concentrations of aromatic compounds such as phenylethyl alcohol, methyl 2-methylbutyrate, methyl butyrate, and nonanoic acid in a minimum medium. However, only phenylethyl alcohol has been identified as a core aromatic compound in fermented vegetable juice. The three fermented vegetable juices exhibited significantly different flavor profiles according to comparative analysis. Therefore, the core flavor compounds found in fermented vegetables are primarily derived from the release and modification of endogenous flavors naturally present in the vegetables, facilitated by the yeast during fermentation.
研究领域:
食品科学
·
微生物学
·
风味化学
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产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
Food Chemistry-X
·
2024
·
IF 6.5
Yujiao Cheng,Leng Han,Linzi Shao,Hua Wang,Zheng Guo,Guijie Li
Pomelo flowers emit a strong fragrance and give aromatic odors. Volatile compounds from pomelo flowers were analyzed at three developmental stages and in the main organs by molecular sensory science. A total of 134 volatiles including 25 odorants, were analyzed by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry/pulsed flame photometric detector (GC–MS/PFPD) and multidimensional GC–MS/olfactory (MDGC–MS/O). The total volatile content varied among pomelo flowers at different developmental stages (stage-III > stage-II > stage-I) and among different organs of pomelo flowers (petal > pistil > stamen). Linalool was an important odorant with a high OAV, and floral/fruity comprised the predominant aroma profile. Four odorants, ethyl 2-methylbutanoate, linalool, β-myrcene, and 2-butenal, were selected based on variable importance in projection (VIP) values and contributed mainly to the discrimination of pomelo flowers at three different developmental stages. Linalool, β-myrcene, d -limonene, and ethyl hexanoate were potential markers for evaluating flavor differences in pomelo floral organs.
研究领域:
食品科学
·
农业化学
·
植物生理学
·
分析化学
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产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
POSTHARVEST BIOLOGY AND TECHNOLOGY
·
2024
·
IF 6.4
Sun-Yan Liang,Si Yang,Ke-Xin Ding,Yue Xu,Zi-Yu Zhao,Yan-Zhu Yu,Yi-Xin Huang,Sheng Qin,Ke Xing
Botrytis cinerea causes gray mold disease on postharvest fruit, resulting in serious economic losses. Fumigation with natural volatile organic compounds can replace artificially synthesized fungicides to control postharvest fungal decay of agricultural products. The antifungal effects and potential mechanisms of microbial volatile compound 2-methylbutyric acid (2-MBA) against B. cinerea were investigated in this study. Results showed that 2-MBA inhibited mycelial growth and spores germination, altered mycelial morphology and reduced metabolic vitality of B. cinerea . Moreover, 2-MBA induced oxidative damage by stimulating ROS accumulation, increasing malondialdehyde levels, and decreasing the ratio of reduced/oxidized glutathione. Further studies indicated that 2-MBA reduced mitochondrial membrane potential, interfered TCA cycle by decreasing succinate dehydrogenase activity and ATP content, ultimately leading to decreased mitochondrial activity. In addition, key genes involved in botrydial biosynthesis and mycelial growth were down-regulated. 2-MBA controlled postharvest gray mold by inducing resistance to B. cinerea in cherry tomatoes. Taken together, 2-MBA is an effective and promising fumigant to control gray mold caused by B. cinerea .
研究领域:
植物病理学
·
食品科学
·
真菌学
·
农业化学
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产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
TALANTA
·
2024
·
IF 5.6
Xiao Jia,Jingnan Ren,Zhifeng Zhang,Nawei Zhang,Qi An,Mingzhe Li,Siyi Pan,Gang Fan,Jinchu Yang,Yingjie Feng,Zongcan Yang,Yongming Xu
ABSTRACT The non-thermal and thermal effects on aroma of sea buckthorn juice have rarely been investigated. In this study, 57 odor compounds were identified in fresh sea buckthorn juice (FSBJ), high pressure processing sea buckthorn juice (HSBJ), and pasteurized sea buckthorn juice (PSBJ), including 29 esters, 8 aldehydes, 1 ketone, 5 alcohols, 5 acids, 6 terpenoids, and 3 others. Ethyl 2-methylbutanoate, ethyl 3-methylbutanoate, ethyl hexanoate, and ethyl 2-hydroxy-3-methylbutanoate with flavor dilution factors ranging from 729 to 59049 contributed to the fruity odors of FSBJ and HSBJ. Besides, the formation of off-odor compounds including hexanal, nonanal, furfural, 3-methylbutanoic acid, and dimethyl disulfide with odor activity values ≥ 1, imparts fatty, roasted, sweaty, and cooked odor in PSBJ. The variations of vitamin C and reducing sugar are significantly associated with changes in odor-active compounds during pasteurized processing. These findings provide new insights that high pressure processing minimizes the adverse effects of pasteurization.
研究领域:
食品科学
·
农业化学
·
食品加工
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产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY
·
2024
·
IF 5.7
Tao Tang,Fanfan Wang,Houyun Huang,Nengneng Xie,Jie Guo,Xiaoliang Guo,Yuanyuan Duan,Xiaoyue Wang,Qingfang Wang,Jingmao You
This study explores the antipathogenic properties of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) produced by Bacillus velezensis LT1, isolated from the rhizosphere soil of Coptis chinensis. The impact of these VOCs on the mycelial growth of Sclerotium rolfsii LC1, the causative agent of southern blight in C. chinensis, was evaluated using a double Petri-dish assay. The biocontrol efficacy of these VOCs was further assessed through leaf inoculation and pot experiments. Antifungal VOCs were collected using headspace solid-phase microextraction (SPME), and their components were identified via gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS). The results revealed that the VOCs significantly inhibited the mycelial growth and sclerotia germination of S. rolfsii LC1 and disrupted the morphological integrity of fungal mycelia. Under the influence of these VOCs, genes associated with chitin synthesis were upregulated, while those related to cell wall degrading enzymes were downregulated. Notably, 2-dodecanone and 2-undecanone exhibited inhibition rates of 81.67% and 80.08%, respectively. This research provides a novel approach for the prevention and management of southern blight in C. chinensis, highlighting the potential of microbial VOCs in biocontrol strategies.
研究领域:
植物病理学
·
微生物学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
PHYTOMEDICINE
·
2025
·
IF 8.3
Zhe Song,Zhou Qiao,Jia Liu,Lingfei Han,Xi Chen,Yun Wang
Background The gut microbiota is firmly associated with the progression of ulcerative colitis (UC). Beneficial microbial metabolites, such as butyrate, exert vital roles in maintaining intestinal homeostasis. The Sea buckthorn berry is a traditional Chinese medicine homologous to food and medicine which is widely applied in the prevention and treatment of UC in clinic practice. Recent studies have exhibited the potential function of Sea buckthorn on regulating the gut microbiota, however, the mechanism underlying its anti-colitis effects and the key gut microbes mediating its efficacy are still unclear. Purpose This study is intended to explore the pharmacological mechanism of the efficacy of Sea buckthorn berries extract (SBE) in alleviating UC from the perspective of the gut microbial regulation. Methods The effect of SBE on UC was evaluated on dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced murine model by assessing the body weight change, colon length, disease activity index (DAI), histopathological staining and the transcriptional expression of genes associated with inflammation and mucosal integrity. The dependence of the gut microbiota in the therapeutical effects of SBE on UC was confirmed by pseudo-germ-free mice and the co-housing experiment. The differential gut microbes altered by SBE were discovered by 16S rRNA sequencing and qPCR. The levels of short chain fatty acids (SCFAs) in bacterial medium and colonic contents were determined by GC–MS/MS. Bacterial colonization was conducted to estimate the effects of the bacteria on UC and to verify the involvement of the functional bacteria in the efficacy of SBE. A butyrate receptor G protein-coupled receptor (GPR)109A antagonist mepenzolate bromide (MPN) was used to validate the important role of butyrate and GPR109A in the anti-colitis effects of SBE and functional bacteria on UC. Two-way ANOVA was employed for multiple curve comparison and One-way ANOVA and Brown-Forsythe ANOVA test were used for multiple group comparison. Statistical significance was defined as p < 0.05 . Results SBE treatment significantly alleviated DSS-induced UC and its therapeutical effects was impaired in pseudo-germ-free mice. Moreover, the co-housing experiment exhibited that SBE-altered microbiota could effectively ameliorate UC. Further research demonstrated that Faecalibaculum rodentium was obviously increased by SBE and could be transferable by co-housing. Moreover, butyrate, a product of F. rodentium , dramatically decreased in UC mice while could be recovered by SBE administration. Abolishment of F. rodentium using vancomycin deprived the efficacy of SBE, but this could be reversed by recolonization of F. rodentium . Finally, blockage of the butyrate's receptor GPR109A weakened the effects of F. rodentium , indicating the indispensability of butyrate and GPR109A in the anti-colitis effects of F. rodentium . Conclusion SBE has potent therapeutical efficacy on UC including relieving inflammation and enhancing intestinal epithelial integrity, which is mediated by the gut F. rodentium -regulated butyrate−GPR109A axis.
研究领域:
微生物学
·
药理学
·
消化系统疾病
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产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
Foods
·
2025
·Vol. 14
·期 5
·874
·
IF 5.1
Yixuan Wu,Jie Sun,Wenjie Xie,Simin Xue,Xinli Li,Jianming Guo,Jinjun Shan,Guoping Peng,Yunfeng Zheng
Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fisch.is a medicinal herb that can be added to food to provide therapeutic effects and reduce the burden of medications. Herein, the immunomodulatory effects ofGlycyrrhizapolysaccharides (GPs) were verified and illustrated by intervening immunocompromised rats treated with different doses of GPs, which were reflected for adjusting the composition and structure of the intestinal microbiota and altering the metabolic profile. The immunomodulatory effects of GPs were exerted by regulating the intestinal microenvironment. In particular, GPs could promote the growth of probiotic bacteriaAllobaculum,norank__o_Clostridia_UCG-014,Dubosiella, andg__norank_o___RF39and curb the growth of harmful bacteriaEnterococcus. The results showed that GPs had a prebiotic effect, which contributed to improving the intestinal environment and maintaining intestinal health. In addition, the content of beneficial differential metabolites was up-regulated, especially short-chain fatty acids, with alanine, aspartate, and glutamate metabolism; arginine biosynthesis; glyoxylate and dicarboxylate metabolism being the most enriched pathways. These metabolic pathways imply the metabolic process of GPs, and the metabolic pathways and differential effector metabolites of it are focused. Overall, the purpose of this article lies in providing support for the application of GPs for regulating immune function.
研究领域:
药理学
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微生物学
·
代谢组学
·
免疫学
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产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
危险品化学品经营许可证（带存储）