In this paper, high optical quality of Ho:CaF 2 (2 at%) transparent ceramics based on nanopowders were fabricated by hot-pressed method successfully. Ho:CaF 2 ceramics with the average size of about 500 nm were obtained at 800 °C for 1 h. The transmittance of the sample measured to be 89% at the wavelength of 1300 nm. The reduced transmittance in the near-IR range is likely due to the residual pores in the ceramics. The spectral properties of Ho:CaF 2 ceramics demonstrated that there is a strong emission peak around 2030 nm under the excitation of 640 nm.
J. Yuan,W.C. Wang,D.D. Chen,M.Y. Peng,Q.Y. Zhang,Z.H. Jiang
Enhanced 1.8 μm emission from Tm 3+ by Yb 3+ sensitization and bubbling in tungsten tellurite glasses has been demonstrated under the excitation of a 976 nm laser diode . Radiative properties such as spontaneous emission probabilities, radiative lifetimes and fluorescence branching ratios along with absorption and emission cross sections have been calculated from the absorption spectra . The influences of Yb 3+ concentration, Tm 3+ concentration, and bubbling time on spectroscopic properties have been thoroughly investigated. It is found that with increasing the bubbling time to 35 min, OH − content deceases sharply while 1.8 μm emission intensity improves greatly and 3 F 4 level lifetime prolongs to 1.57 ms close to radiative time. After 35 min, they change very little due to almost reaching the dynamic balance. The strength of interaction between Tm 3+ and OH − is determined. The energy transfer mechanism between Yb 3+ and Tm 3+ is proposed by photoemission spectroscopy and lifetime measurement. The energy transfer coefficients have been analyzed by the extended spectral overlap method and hopping model. Large ratio of the forward energy transfer from Yb 3+ to Tm 3+ to the backward one (223) and high energy transfer efficiency (97%) from Yb 3+ to Tm 3+ ensure efficient 1.8 μm emission. Hence, Yb 3+ sensitization and the reduction of OH − content could be expected to open up a possibility to achieve high efficient 2.0 μm lasing from Tm 3+ under a 976 nm LD pump.