Food Quality and Safety
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2022
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IF 3.949
Cai Chenggang,Chang Guoli,Zhang Nianhua,Wang Junlin,Wang Liyuan,Wu Pinggu,Yang Dajin
ObjectivesPolycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and 3-monochloropropane-1,2-diol ester (3-MCPDE) were studied in camellia oil. It is important to study the changes in the content of PAHs and 3-MCPDE at different refining stages (from crude oil to the final refined oil product) to elucidate the influence of the refining procedures on their change.Materials and methodsThe PAHs and 3-MCPDE in camellia oil from different refining stages (from crude oil to the product) of a plant were analyzed by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry and calculated by the internal standard method.ResultsThe overall PAH content was (79.64±2.43) µg/kg in crude camellia oil. After refining treatment, the PAH content decreased to (18.75±0.55) µg/kg. The 3-MCPDE content increased during the refining process from 0 mg/kg in the crude oil to 4.62 mg/kg in the refined oil product.ConclusionsThis is the first study to simultaneously monitor changes in both PAH and 3-MCPDE contents during the production of camellia oil. These results confirmed the effectiveness of the refining method on PAH removal and the increase in 3-MCPDE at high temperature. It is suggested that novel processing methods or refining parameters need further optimization to decrease the overall concentrations of PAHs and 3-MCPDE in camellia oil.
研究领域:
食品科学
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环境毒理学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY
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2023
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IF 6.1
Linghui Kong,Xinyi Fan,Limin Guo,Qingqing Jiang,Jianbo Xiao,Daming Fan,Mingfu Wang,Yueliang Zhao
In this study, we investigated the inhibitory effects of three soybean isoflavones and two soybean phytosterols on the formation of 3-chloropropane-1,2-diol fatty acid esters (3-MCPDE) and aldehydes in heated soybean oil model. 0.4 mM of genistin, genistein, daidzein, stigmasterol, and β-sitosterol significantly reduced 3-MCPDE formation by 25.7, 51.4, 21.4, 61.6, and 55.7%, and total aldehydes formation by 42.03, 43.94, 28.36, 54.74, and 39.23%, respectively. Further study showed that stigmasterol reduced the content of glycidyl esters (GEs) and glycidol, two key intermediates of 3-MCPDE, and prevented fatty acids degradation in the oils. Moreover, the effects of continuous frying time on the content of stigmasterol and the migration of stigmasterol were evaluated in the fried dough sticks model system. The content of stigmasterol in soybean oil was found to be significantly decreased with prolonged heating time. The concentrations of stigmasterol in fried dough sticks and the migration rates of stigmasterol from soybean oil to fried dough sticks decreased with repeated frying sessions. In addition, stigmasterol undergoes oxidative changes during heat treatment, and the oxidation products including 5,6α-epoxystigmasterol, 5,6β-epoxystigmasterol, 7α-hydroxystigmasterol, 7β-hydroxystigmasterol, stigmasterlol-3β,5α,6β-triol, and 7-ketostigmasterol were identified in the frying oils but not in the fried dough sticks. Overall, stigmasterol could be added to soybean oil to reduce 3-MCPDE and aldehydes formation, and reacting with GEs/glycidol and protection of lipid acids from oxidation may be the mechanism of action of stigmasterol.
研究领域:
食品科学
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植物化学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
LWT-FOOD SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
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2021
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IF 4.952
Shihuan Li,Jinhui Li,Senwei Feng,Linlin Bian,Zhuoting Liu,Yunfang Ping,Xu Wang,Ann Van Schepdael
The presence of fatty acid esters of 3-monochloropropane-1,2-diol (3-MCPDE), 2-monochloropropane-1,3-diol (2-MCPDE) and glycidyl (GE) in foods is a potential concern due to their toxicity, especially for infants. This study proposed a rapid, sensitive and environmentally friendly method for simultaneous determination of the 3-/2-MCPDE and GE in breast milk and infant formula using headspace solid-phase microextraction (SPME) and on-fiber derivatization combined with gas chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (GC-MS/MS). The approach proved high sensitivity with detection limits of 0.10 μg/L and 0.15 μg/kg for MCPDEs in breast milk and infant formula, respectively. Mean recoveries were obtained ranging from 79.9 to 111.2% for breast milk and from 82.1 to 106.7% for infant formula, with relative standard deviation (RSD) of less than 9.5%. According to the levels of 3-MCPDE and GE determined in 30 breast milk and 23 infant formulas, the exposure to 3-MCPDE and GE may pose a potential health risk for infants from birth to <12 months fed by breast milk and infants from birth to 6 months fed by infant formula.
研究领域:
食品安全
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分析化学
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毒理学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
危险品化学品经营许可证（带存储）