In this study, a sensitive hydrazine sensor based on CuxO decorated three dimensional poly(3,4-ethylene-dioxythiophene) (3D-PEDOT) was developed. A 3D-PEDOT–CuxO hybrid was prepared through a facile electrochemical deposition and cyclic voltammetry treatment process. The hybrid material was characterized by scanning microscopy (SEM), X-ray energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), Raman, and electrochemical methods. It was found that 3D-PEDOT not only acts as a matrix to increase the loading amount of CuxO and enhances the conductivity, but also directly contributes to the catalytic oxidation of hydrazine. Owing to the synergistic interaction between 3D-PEDOT and CuxO, the 3D-PEDOT–CuxO hybrid displayed obviously enhanced catalysis for hydrazine oxidation with lower overpotential and stronger oxidation current compared to single component CuxO or 3D-PEDOT. The hydrazine sensor based on the 3D-PEDOT–CuxO hybrid exhibited a one order of magnitude wider linear range (0.5 μM to 53 mM), ten-fold lower detection limit (0.2 μM) and higher stability compared to those of the sensor based on CuxO. The proposed sensor was also used for the determination of hydrazine in real water samples with a satisfactory recovery.
Manganese oxides (MnO x ) represent a highly promising class of electroactive materials for supercapacitor applications. Nevertheless, their practical performance is frequently constrained by low electrical conductivity and a limited interfacial surface area. Integrating MnO x with highly conductive materials onto porous conductive scaffolds presents an effective strategy to circumvent these limitations. In this work, a self-supported electrode was prepared by incorporating MnO x within a three-dimensional (3D) polymeric matrix composed of poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT) and polyurethane (PU) doped with carbon black via a facile solution-based method. Benefiting from the high pseudo-capacitance of MnO x , the outstanding mechanical flexibility of the polymer matrix, and their synergistic interaction including robust interfacial adhesion, rapid charge transfer, and efficient ion diffusion, the resultant electrode exhibited a high areal capacitance (Ca) of 373.1 mF cm − 2 (~ 310.9 F g − 1 ) at 1 mA cm − 2 . When integrated into a solid flexible symmetric device, it achieved a remarkable specific capacitance of 116.4 mF cm − 2 at 1 mA cm − 2 and delivered an excellent energy density of 0.013 mWh cm − 2 (at a power density of 0.45 mW cm − 2 ). This study is expected to provide valuable insights for designing high-performance flexible supercapacitors (SCs) by integrating MnO x into highly conductive 3D polymer frameworks via a simple, cost-effective approach. Graphical abstract A self-supporting 3D porous polymeric matrix of PBUE, composed of PEDOT and polyurethane doped with carbon black, was fabricated as a supportive electrode framework. Due to its porous architecture, MnO x can be uniformly grown within PBUE, while PEDOT:PSS can fully infiltrate the composite structure, thereby forming a high-performance supercapacitor electrode. The alternative text for this image may have been generated using AI.
Xiaoting Liu,Yingyi Ma,Yu Si,Xinzheng Li,Xinran Li,Jingfang Li
Conducting polymers hold great prospects in energy storage, especially in the field of flexible energy storage, however, their broad applications are limited due to the poor processability, difficulty in structural design diversity and unsatisfactory performance when used alone. Herein, the processability of PEDOT in organic phase is significantly enhanced by surfactant modification via a self-assembly process, contributing to the convenient and low-cost construction of 3D PEDOT architecture. Importantly, the PEDOT and rGO can be introduced into the same porous structure synchronously and conveniently. Superior capacitive performance is shown for the porous PEDOT/rGO film benefits from the combination of PEDOT with excellent electrochemical stability, rGO with high conductivity and porous structure with abundant active sites and chambers for electrolyte storage. The porous PEDOT/rGO film can be used as a scaffold for the deposition of conductive polymers. For example, once PPy is deposited, a high specific capacitance of 407.8 F g -1 at a current density of 0.5 A g -1 , accompanied by a prominent capacitance retention of 90% after 5000 cycles are achieved. When it is used to construct the symmetric supercapacitor (SSC), a high energy density of 52.9 Wh kg -1 at the power density of 200.2 W kg -1 is delivered, with a high capacitance retention of 85%. Moreover, it shows excellent mechanical flexibility upon multiple bending cycles, rendering great potential in portable or wearable energy storage devices.
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