JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL AND APPLIED PYROLYSIS
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2018
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IF 3.468
Qiang Lu,Xiao-ning Ye,Zhen-xi Zhang,Ze-xiang Wang,Min-shu Cui,Yong-ping Yang
Activated carbon (AC) prepared by physical activation with steam (named as AC-H 2 O) was employed for catalytic fast pyrolysis of bagasse in a hydrogen atmosphere to selectively produce 4-ethyl phenol (4-EP), a valuable phenolic compound. Lab-scale fast pyrolysis experiments were conducted to quantitatively determine the pyrolytic products and investigate several factors on the 4-EP production, including pyrolysis atmosphere, AC type, catalytic pyrolysis temperature, and AC-to-bagasse ratio. The results indicated that the AC-H 2 O (activated by H 2 O) catalyst exhibited much better performance on 4-EP production than other ACs prepared by different activation methods. Compared with the inert atmosphere, the presence of hydrogen atmosphere could significantly promote the 4-EP formation with the yield increase by over 36%. The maximal 4-EP yield of 3.55 wt% with the selectivity of 17.42% was obtained under AC-to-bagasse ratio of 1.5 at 330 °C. In addition, the gas product produced by the pyrolysis process could be recycled to provide a hydrogen atmosphere without an additional hydrogen supply.
研究领域:
能源与环境科学
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化学工程
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DOI
高影响因子
ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering
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2020
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IF 7.632
Haowei Li,Xinlai Zheng,Huimin Zhang,Xuehui Li,Jinxing Long
Novel strategies for converting renewable lignin to bulk petrochemicals are highly desirable for achieving sustainable practices in the age of environmental awareness. Herein, we propose an efficient approach for the selective hydrogenolysis of lignin promoted by a cost-effective La3+-doped Ni/MgO catalyst. The results reveal that 84.44% lignin is converted at 270 °C for 4 h, yielding 16.50% volatile products. Importantly, approximately 43.45% of these volatile products are identified as 4-ethyl phenol (7.17% yield), an important intermediate in the fine chemical industry. Intensive analysis of the lignin before and after the reaction confirms that efficient cleavage of the ester linkages is achieved, which correlates directly with the high selectivity of 4-ethyl phenol after a readily decarboxylation reaction. Furthermore, the catalyst characterization demonstrates that La3+ suppresses the formation of a NiMgOx solid solution. Consequently, a greater degree of Ni2+ becomes reducible and the catalyst basicity becomes stronger, both of which are essential for the efficient lignin depolymerization and char reduction. As a result, a significant increase of the yield of volatile products is shown along with a substantial inhibition of biochar formation over the La-doped Ni/MgO catalyst in comparison with that without La doping. Therefore, the present work provides a new insight on producing fine chemicals via a sustainable route.
研究领域:
化学工程
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可再生资源转化
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DOI
高影响因子
ENERGY & FUELS
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2016
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IF 2.835
Qiang Lu,Xiao-ning Ye,Zhi-bo Zhang,Min-Shu Cui,Hao-qiang Guo,Wei Qi,Chang-qing Dong,Yong-ping Yang
Fast pyrolysis of bagasse catalyzed by activated carbon (AC) at low temperatures offered a new and promising way to produce the valuable 4-ethyl phenol (4-EP) compound in high selectivity. In this study, the technique of pyrolysis-gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (Py-GC/MS) was first applied to investigate several factors on the 4-EP production, including biomass type, fast pyrolysis temperature, AC-to-bagasse ratio, and catalytic pattern (in situ or ex situ catalysis). Moreover, fast pyrolysis experiments by using AC catalyst were conducted in a lab-scale setup to quantitatively determine the pyrolytic products. The experimental results indicated that, among these five herbaceous biomass materials, bagasse was the best material to produce 4-vinylphenol (4-VP) from the noncatalytic process and 4-EP from the catalytic fast pyrolysis process, respectively. 4-VP and its precursors could be catalytically hydrogenated into 4-EP with high selectivity under the catalysis of AC catalyst. Both catalytic pyrolysis temperature and AC-to-bagasse ratio affected the 4-EP selectivity significantly, whereas the catalytic pattern had minor effects on the 4-EP production. The highest yield of 4-EP from bagasse in Py-GC/MS experiments was 2.13 wt %, obtained at the pyrolysis temperature of 300 °C and AC-to-bagasse ratio of 4 from the in situ catalytic pattern. Moreover, lab-scale fast pyrolysis of bagasse catalyzed by AC catalyst obtained the maximal 4-EP yield of 2.49 wt %, with the selectivity of 10.71%.
研究领域:
生物质能
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催化化学
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DOI
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL AND APPLIED PYROLYSIS
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2022
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IF 6.437
Wen-tao Li,Dong-hong Nan,Guan Zhang,Kai Li,Yan-qin Huang,Qiang Lu,Li-juan Gao,Wan-zhao Huang,Xiao-feng Han,Shan-wei Ma
The N-doped activated carbon (NAC) was prepared for bagasse (BAG) pyrolysis with 9,10-dihydroanthracene (DHA) to selectively improve production of individual 4-ethyl phenol (4-EP). Both pyrolysis-gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (Py-GC/MS) and lab-scale apparatus were employed to conduct catalytic fast pyrolysis (CFP) experiments. The effects of N-doping modification, pyrolysis temperature, DHA/BAG ratio and NAC/BAG ratio on yield and selectivity of 4-EP were comprehensively investigated. Results indicated that the NAC exhibited excellent catalytic abilities in improving 4-EP production. About 3.03 wt % of 4-EP was obtained over NAC in the absence of DHA, whereas the 4-EP yield over activated carbon was only 2.46 wt %, indicating an increment of 23.17 % via N-doping modification. The 4-EP yield reached the maximum of 4.75 wt % with a selectivity of 25.12 % at temperature of 350 °C with a DHA/BAG ratio of 7:20 and NAC/BAG ratio of 3:1, indicating 88.45 % of 4-VP (5.37 wt %) was converted into 4-EP. Result of lab-scale tests showed that 4-EP production attained the highest value (4.02 wt %) with a selectivity of 25.53 % at temperature of 350 °C with DHA/BAG and NAC/BAG ratios of 1:5 and 1.5:1, respectively. Finally, the possible mechanism on 4-EP formation from BAG pyrolysis with co-assist of NAC and DHA was inferred.
研究领域:
化学工程
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环境科学
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DOI
高影响因子
ENERGY
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2024
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IF 9
Bingshuo Li,Aorong Ding,Tianhua Yang,Zhuo Wang,Haijun Zhang,Xingping Kai,Rundong Li
Hydrodeoxygenation (HDO) of phenols has significant potential for the synthesis of cycloalkane. In this study, a Ni-based magnetic molecular sieve catalyst, Ni/HZSM-5@SiO 2 @Fe 3 O 4 , was carefully prepared and systematically characterized using various analytical methods. A screening of the HDO reaction conditions was carried out using a typical phenolic compound of 4-ethylphenol. Under the optimal reaction conditions (240 °C, 3 h) with n-dodecane as the solvent, the 6 % Ni/HZSM-5@SiO 2 @Fe 3 O 4 catalyst showed excellent performance, achieving a 4-ethylphenol conversion of 59.3 % and an ethylcyclohexane selectivity of 85.1 %. In comparison to conventional Ni/HZSM-5, the magnetic micromesoporous molecular sieve catalyst exhibited superior catalytic activity, alkane selectivity and recyclability, with a catalyst recovery ratio of 95 %. Furthermore, the effect of liquid-solid mass transfer efficiency on the ethylcyclohexane selectivity considering of the stirring speed was studied, and the selectivity was increased from 81.6 to 85.1 % when the speed was increased from 400 to 600 rpm. This finding was further substantiated by Fluent numerical simulation. To elucidate the HDO pathway of 4-ethylphenol on Ni/HZSM-5@SiO 2 @Fe 3 O 4 , a comprehensive reaction pathway was proposed, providing insights into the catalytic mechanism.
研究领域:
催化化学
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能源化学
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产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL AND APPLIED PYROLYSIS
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2015
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IF 3.564
Zhi-bo Zhang,Qiang Lu,Xiao-ning Ye,Wen-tao Li,Ying Zhang,Chang-qing Dong
A new technique was proposed to selectively produce 4-ethyl phenol (4-EP) from low-temperature catalytic fast pyrolysis of certain herbaceous biomass, while 4-vinyl phenol (4-VP) could be selectively produced from non-catalytic fast pyrolysis process. In this study, Pd/SBA-15 catalysts were prepared, and pyrolysis-gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (Py-GC/MS) technique was applied for both ex situ and in situ catalytic fast pyrolysis of bagasse . The results indicated the 4-EP could be selectively produced from both catalytic methods. During the ex situ catalytic pyrolysis process, the bagasse would decompose to form 4-VP which was then hydrogenated by the Pd/SBA-15 catalyst to be 4-EP. During the in situ catalytic pyrolysis process, the Pd/SBA-15 catalyst would catalyze the decomposition and hydrogenation of bagasse to directly produce 4-EP. Certain pyrolytic products would serve as the hydrogen-donors (H-donor) for the formation of 4-EP. The selectivity of the 4-EP from the ex situ catalytic process was a little better than that form the in situ catalytic process. The highest 4-EP yield from ex situ catalytic pyrolysis of bagasse was around 2.0 wt%, obtained at the pyrolysis temperature of 350 °C and catalyst-to-biomass ratio of 1.5.
研究领域:
能源与环境科学
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化学工程
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产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
INDUSTRIAL & ENGINEERING CHEMISTRY RESEARCH
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2021
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IF 3.764
Juanhua Kong,Lixia Li,Qiang Zeng,Jinxing Long,Hongyan He,Yingying Wang,Sijie Liu,Xuehui Li
In order to meet the requirements of sustainable development, the production of aromatic compounds from renewable biomass is of great concern. Herein, a surfactant-free microemulsion (SFME) system composed of n-octane, 2-propanol, and water was explored for the depolymerization of lignin though a hydrogen transfer reaction of 2-propanol with acidic ionic liquids (ILs) as catalysts. Experimental results show that the phenol monomer yield from bagasse lignin in the SFME system is at least 4 times higher than that in its corresponding water-free binary system, together with a high selectivity for 4-ethylphenol of 67.8%. In particular, the results also reveal that the controllable polarity and large surface area of the SFME and the aggregation of lignin at the SFME surface are key factors in response to the enhanced yields of phenolic monomers through intensive characterizations. Mechanism studies imply that this system tailors mainly the esterified p-coumarate unit in lignin, and 4-ethylphenol is produced by a cascade reaction, involving hydrolysis, decarboxylation, and hydrogenation. Furthermore, this SFME system also exhibits excellent performance for the depolymerization of other herbaceous lignins, yielding 128.1 mg g–1 phenolic monomers with 59.1% 4-ethylphenol selectivity for corncob lignin. It is thus believed that the process intensification by microemulsion can significantly demonstrate unprecedented potential to accomplish highly efficient lignin conversion.
研究领域:
生物化学工程
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可再生资源利用
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产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF CATALYSIS
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2024
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IF 6.5
Yun Tian,Mengqiao Gao,Zhiyang Tang,Fukun Li,Qiang Zeng,Jinxing Long,Xuehui Li
Conversion of lignin to valuable chemicals without external hydrogen presents a significative but challengeable endeavor. Herein, an efficient approach has been proposed for the lignin hydrogenolysis with in-situ hydrogen in the presence of Ni nanoparticles nested in layered double oxides (LDOs). 84.4 % conversion of lignin was achieved over 30Ni-Mg 3 Al-LDOs, affording a 21.3 % yield of monomers, and 38.0 % of which was identified as 4-ethylphenol. Catalyst characterizations revealed that this excellent performance of lignin conversion should be ascribed to the highly dispersed Ni nanoparticles, strong interfacial interactions between Ni and LDOs, and suitable basicity of catalysts. Furthermore, the roles of the solvent (1,4-dioxane aqueous solution) and the lignin methoxyl groups as hydrogen resources were distinguished, and the former acted as an initial hydrogen to promote lignin depolymerization, and the latter was responsible for the high yield of 4-ethylphenol. In addition, a plausible reaction pathway for lignin hydrogenolysis has been proposed.
研究领域:
化学工程
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催化科学
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DOI
高影响因子
APPLIED CATALYSIS B-ENVIRONMENTAL
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2025
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IF 21.1
Yun Tian,Jie Qu,Kejia Wu,Mengqiao Gao,Jinxing Long,Qiang Zeng,Wei Qi,Xuehui Li
Conversion of lignin to value-added chemicals with endogenous hydrogen is of great significance but highly challengeable. In this work, an external hydrogen-free strategy has been proposed for aqueous transfer hydrogenolysis of lignin launched by the chemo-splitting of water using a series of Ni-Co bimetallic catalysts. With Ni 0.2 Co 0.1 -MgAl-LDO, 82.7 % of lignin conversion was achieved, affording a 20.8 % yield of monophenols, and 62.0 % of which was identified as 4-ethylphenol (yield of 12.9 %). Further investigations demonstrated that the lignin hydrogenolysis was triggered by the water splitting, and enhanced by the tandem demethoxylation and subsequent aqueous reforming reaction. Intensive characterizations using TEM, XPS and XAFS, etc, illustrated that the formation of highly dispersed Ni-Co alloy nanoparticles exhibited a strong metal-support interaction with MgAl-LDO. The electronic transfer effect between Ni and Co components and the strong basic sites are responsible for its excellent catalytic performance of Ni 0.2 Co 0.1 -MgAl-LDO on the lignin hydrogenolysis. Therefore, this work provides novel insight into the catalytic transfer hydrogenolysis of lignin.
研究领域:
催化化学
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生物质转化
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绿色能源
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有机反应工程
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材料化学
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产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
BIOMASS & BIOENERGY
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2026
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IF 7
Ge-liang Xie,Yu Luo,Kai-cheng Xia,Sheng-ren Li,Lujiang Xu,Zhen Fang
Aromatic amines, particularly aniline derivatives, serve as pivotal intermediates in the manufacture of dyes, pharmaceuticals, and polymers. However, their conventional synthesis remains heavily reliant on fossil feedstocks and frequently employs toxic reagents. The valorization of lignin presents a promising, renewable pathway to these valuable compounds, yet the reactivity of lignin-derived phenols varies markedly depending on their functional group substituents. Herein, a pronounced "promotion-inhibition dichotomy" is reported. Alkyl substituents substantially enhance reactivity-achieving a 44.3 mol% yield of aromatic amines from 4-propylphenol, representing a 34.7% increase over phenol. Conversely, methoxy groups exert a strong inhibitory effect in limiting the yield of aromatic amines from 4-propylguaiacol to only 11.0 mol%. Furthermore, Mo-Ga/HZSM-5 catalyst employed under NH 3 -H 2 atmosphere effectively doubled the yield of aromatic amines to 25.9 mol%. A sequential hydrodeoxygenation-amination strategy is further devised, boosting the yield to 34.1 mol%. Notably, by integrating this two-step strategy with a lignin-first biorefining approach, a 16.6 mol% of aromatic amines (based on lignin) could be achieved from birch. This study elucidates key reactivity principles in lignin valorization and demonstrates an integrated strategy that advances the sustainable production of aromatic amines from renewable biomass.
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DOI
高影响因子
FUEL
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2026
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IF 7.8
Bingshuo Li,Xinhang Lv,Tianhua Yang,Haijun Zhang,Xingping Kai,Rundong Li
Catalytic hydrodeoxygenation (HDO) is a promising strategy for upgrading phenolic bio-oil into cycloalkanes. Conventional catalysts often rely on strongly acidic supports, which tend to suffer from rapid deactivation. In this study, 4-ethylphenol was selected as a model compound derived from lignin bio-oil to investigate the effects of active sites on an inert support during the hydrogenation and deoxygenation of the phenolic group. Acid-site–support decoupling catalysts, denoted as Ni-HSiW/h-BN, were successfully prepared and were applied in the HDO of 4-ethylphenol to produce ethylcyclohexane. Using 0.5 g of 4-ethylphenol as the substrate and n-dodecane (30 mL) as solvent, the optimal reaction conditions were identified as a temperature of 300 °C, a reaction time of 3 h and the use of 15% Ni-HSiW 0.25 /h-BN catalyst. Under these conditions, complete conversion of 4-ethylphenol was achieved with 100% selectivity toward ethylcyclohexane. When the temperature was lowered to 180 °C and the reaction time reduced to 1 h using 15% Ni/h-BN, the main product shifted to ethylcyclohexanol with a selectivity of 94.4%. A reaction mechanism was proposed, indicating that the combination of Ni and HSiW synergistically enhances HDO efficiency.
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DOI
高影响因子
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FOOD PROPERTIES
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2026
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IF 3.9
Nian Cao,Yubo Yang,Xiaoling Xiong,Bohan Zhang,Ping Xiang,Fan Yang
This pioneering study investigated the effects of sip volume on sensory perception and drinking comfort during the consumption of Jiangxiangxing Baijiu (JB). Six sip volumes (6, 9, 12, 15, 18, and 20 mL) were tested with 30 participants (15 males and 15 females). Results revealed gender-specific preferences: females tended to prefer sip volumes of 9–12 mL, while males were more likely to favor 18 mL. Using Temporal Dominance of Sensation (TDS) and Check-All-That-Apply (CATA) methods, it was found that oral sensations of sweetness and sauce flavor, as well as post-pharyngeal sensations of “smoothness,” “mellowness,” and “lingering aftertaste,” enhanced drinking comfort. In contrast, oral sensations of spiciness and bitterness, along with post-pharyngeal sensations of “pungency,” “thinness,” “blandness,” and “momentary aftertaste,” impaired comfort. Notably, females may place greater emphasis on oral perception, whereas males could focus more on post-pharyngeal sensations. A novel flavor analysis identified 20 key compounds that influence JB perception. The insights from this research provide valuable contributions to improving the drinking experience of JB.
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DOI
高影响因子
危险品化学品经营许可证（带存储）