ACS Sensors
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2025
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IF 9.1
Jiaji Hou,Fengyan Ge,Haixia Jiang,Weiguang Liu,Chaofan Li,Xin Yan
Flexible wearable biosensors enable dynamic tracking of biomarkers in sweat through noninvasive sampling. Surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) utilizes the “fingerprint” vibrations of molecular vibration spectra to simultaneously analyze multiple substances, facilitating the identification of complex analytes. In this study, we integrated a Janus fabric with efficient wearable moisture management properties with silver (Ag) nanoparticles to develop an SERS sensor for human sweat detection. The hydrophobic side of the Janus fabric was designed to contact the skin, while hydrophobic patterns were printed on the opposite side to enable the efficient enrichment of target molecules. Rapid sweat transport was achieved through a combination of a hydrophilic–hydrophobic interfacial design. The moisture management capability and SERS enhancement mechanism of the platform were further explained through simulation. Moreover, the platform demonstrated the successful detection of real human sweat samples. This work is expected not only to provide a novel approach for the fabrication and preparation of the SERS active fabric with excellent performance but also to promote the theoretical basis and technical support for the research of textile on rapid detection in highly diluted biochemical samples.
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OPTICAL MATERIALS
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2025
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IF 4.2
Hao Wang,Hongyan Zhao,Guangqiang Liu,Cuixia Bi,Zhuo Zhang,Sujuan Feng,Shoubao Zhang,Shengjun Liu,Xiaolong Yin,Xiwen Zhang
A three-dimensional multi-pocket semi-funnel composite anodized aluminum template (AAO) substrate modified with silver nanoparticles (AgNPs@MPSF-AAO) was successfully constructed via two-step anodic oxidation, pore-expanding treatment, magnetron sputtering, and annealing. Using 4-aminophenylthiophenol (4-ATP) as the probe molecule, the substrate with the best SERS performance was prepared with 100-s sputtering followed by 3-h annealing, the detection limit was as low as 10 −14 mol/L, the logarithm of the concentration showed a good linear relationship with the Raman signal, and the enhancement factor was as high as 6.16 × 10 7 , with a relative standard deviation (RSD) of 7.3 %, showing excellent sensitivity and uniformity. The substrate achieved indirect detection of Hg 2+ through the specific reaction of Hg 2+ with the thiol group of 4-ATP, with low detection limit of 10 −9 mol/L. Moreover, the detection of pesticides (e.g., carbaryl and thiram) verified its practical application potential, offering an efficient solution for the rapid detection of trace harmful substances in industrial wastewater and environmental pollutants.
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Biosensors-Basel
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2025
·Vol. 15
·期 10
·703
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IF 5.6
Harriet Sonia Nalumansi,Fuwei Pi,Jingkun Li,Guoyong Jiang
The detection of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) is critical for ensuring food safety, particularly for identifying spoilage gases and food adulterants. Surface Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy (SERS) has traditionally relied on noble metals such as gold and silver for strong electromagnetic enhancement. However, these substrates present challenges in terms of cost, stability, and integration into real-world applications. In this study, we explore a hybrid metal–organic framework (MOF) with reduced graphene oxide (rGO) as a SERS active substrate. The developed material showed a good sensitivity for VOC formaldehyde (FA), easily detectable at peak 1452 cm−1and offering an RSD of 16.95%. Since the substrate did not rely on any noble metals for SERS enhancement, this low cost and easy material could be fine-tuned, creating alternative less-toxic materials for detection in industries such as food safety.
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IEEE SENSORS JOURNAL
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2026
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IF 4.5
Dongfu Xu,Yushuang Luo,Jie Fu,Xiangxiang Li,Yihong Ding,Fangying Xiong,Jiawang Wang,Lizhi Lin,Hui Yang,Jingjing Liu,Shuang Li
Organic field-effect transistors (OFETs) represent a breakthrough biosensing technology owing to their exceptional sensitivity, mechanical flexibility, and cost-effective manufacturing. The simultaneous detection of dopamine (DA), ascorbic acid (AA), and uric acid (UA) holds critical importance in clinical diagnostics as these biomarkers provide vital information about neurological health, antioxidant status, and renal function. Conventional detection methods face significant challenges due to the overlapping oxidation potentials of these molecules in electrochemical measurements, resulting in poor selectivity and accuracy. Developing advanced sensing platforms capable of discriminating these biomarkers in complex biological samples remains an urgent requirement in modern healthcare diagnostics. This research successfully developed a molecularly engineered extended-gate OFET biosensor for simultaneous detection of DA, AA, and UA with exceptional performance. The functionalized sensing interface, incorporating cysteamine for DA recognition, carboxylated graphene oxide for AA catalysis, and p-AMTa for UA binding, achieved remarkable detection limits of 0.28 μM, 0.35 μM, and 0.41 μM respectively. Comprehensive cross-reactivity studies demonstrated excellent specificity with interference below 5.2% in mixed analyte solutions. Quantitative validation using standard addition method showed recovery rates of 97.2-103.8% and relative errors consistently under 4.2%, confirming high detection accuracy. The biosensor maintained outstanding operational stability over 30 detection cycles with RSD < 5.1%, demonstrating excellent reproducibility. This integrated platform represents a significant advancement in multiplexed biomarker detection, offering a reliable approach for complex sample analysis. This work provides a robust strategy for simultaneous electrochemical detection of multiple biomarkers, effectively addressing selectivity challenges in conventional biosensing. The developed platform demonstrates strong potential for clinical diagnostics and point-of-care testing applications, enabling rapid disease screening and health monitoring. This technology represents a significant step forward in the development of high-performance, cost-effective diagnostic tools for healthcare applications.
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ADVANCED FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS
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2026
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IF 19.9
Mingwei Cai,Fuhui Liang,Huahui Liang,Congcong Wu,Luxin Sun,Xiaohua Ma,Shiyang Zhang,Yonggang Min
Achieving precise customization and structural regulation of sub-Ångström pores of Carbon molecular sieve membranes (CMSMs) remains challenging. In this study, CMSMs with ultra-high H 2 /CH 4 separation performance were developed by a UV induced super-crosslinking network polyimide precursor, which was formed by click reaction through an imide intermediate that contains C≡CH and the SH as functional end groups. The as-formed polyimide contains C═C─S in each repeat unit of the polyimide which can be crosslinked using UV light via the [2+2] reaction and form molecular “stitches” with a super-crosslinking network. The cross-linking node density can be easily adjusted by the UV irradiation time (0–30 min). During pyrolysis, the dimensions of the connecting interior pore necks for sub-Ångström pores can be fine-tuned (4.0±0.3 Å), promoting the formation of a higher concentrated (4%–8%) sub-4 Å pores. The optimized CMS-30 membrane demonstrates outstanding gas separation performance, with H 2 permeability of 2930 Barrer and remarkable selectivity for H 2 /CH 4 (4651), surpassing the Robeson upper bounds and outperforming most reported CMSMs. This photo-induced super-crosslinking network precursor method provides a versatile strategy for high-performance CMSM by sub-nanometer precision engineering of CMSMs.
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MICROCHEMICAL JOURNAL
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2026
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IF 5.1
Yang Liu,Weitao Li,Zhongyan Lu,Haoyang Cai,Ruiling Yuan,Yongqi Yang,Xuezhi Qiao
Monitoring biomarkers in interstitial fluid (ISF) offers a compelling alternative to blood analysis for managing chronic metabolic diseases, owing to the high correlation between ISF and blood analyte concentrations. Herein, we reported a biomimetic microneedle (MN) sensor based on Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering (SERS) for the minimally invasive, simultaneous detection of pH and uric acid (UA). The sensoring platform functionalized with a plasmonic active interface, constructed via the in situ self-assembly of gold nanoparticles (AuNPs). Crucially, this dense AuNP layer serves a dual function: it creates high-density SERS “hot spots” for signal amplification and significantly improves surface hydrophilicity, thereby facilitating the efficient extraction and enrichment of analytes from the ISF matrix. The sensor displayed superior analytical performance for dual UA and pH detection, offering broad linear dynamic ranges and suitable monitoring intervals relevant to physiological conditions. Additionally, this sensor displayed remarkable durability and reusability, successfully completing penetration and signal acquisition in a simulated skin environment. This work presents a robust, multifunctional sensing strategy for the minimally invasive management of gout and other metabolic disorders, paving the way for future in vivo applications.
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MICROCHEMICAL JOURNAL
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2026
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IF 5.1
Yu-Jia Chen,Jing-Wen Zhou,Hongmei Li,Yu-Qing Wang,Xue-Yang Xiong,Jia-Sheng Lin,Cheng Pan,Bao-Ying Wen,Yue-Jiao Zhang,Jian-Feng Li
Background Vanillin (4-hydroxy-3-methoxybenzaldehyde), an aromatic compound derived from vanilla pods. Currently, it is widely used as an additive in the food industry due to its unique aroma and flavor. However, excessive consumption of vanillin can cause nausea, dizziness, allergies and vomiting. Various methods have been established to detect vanillin content, including electrochemistry, gas chromatography (GC), fluorescence analysis. These methods exhibit good sensitivity in vanillin detection but are limited by complex pretreatment steps, time consumption, and expensive equipment. Thus, it is critical to develop a sensitive, rapid, simple, and low-cost method for monitoring vanillin concentration in food. Results In this work, a Schiff base reaction-assisted SERS internal standard detection method is proposed for the highly sensitive detection of vanillin in tea. Ag nanocubes (Ag NCs) are functionalized with 4-aminothiophenol (4-ATP), whose amino group undergoes a Schiff base reaction with the aldehyde group of vanillin to form a stable C N imine group. Highly sensitive detection of vanillin is achieved by identifying the C N stretching vibration peak. Using the C S stretching vibration peak as an internal standard, a linear relationship is established. The results show that this method requires no tedious pretreatment and achieves a detection limit of 10 μg/L for vanillin in real tea samples. Meanwhile, this strategy is applicable to different tea systems and the detection of various aldehyde flavor molecules. Additionally, the internal standard strategy reduces systematic errors and improves the accuracy of quantitative analysis. Significance The universal Schiff base reaction-assisted SERS internal standard strategy proposed in this work can specifically capture aldehyde flavor molecules via Schiff base reaction. The developed strategy exhibits good anti-interference ability and thus expands the great potential of SERS technology in aldehyde flavor additives detection and regulatory management in food safety.
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JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE-MATERIALS IN ELECTRONICS
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2026
·Vol. 37
·期 2
·147
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IF 2.8
Rong Fei,Li Lan,Lv Jiahui,Wang Ji
Di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) is a widespread organic pollutant in aquatic environments, which possesses reproductive toxicity and endocrine-disrupting effects. Conventional detection methods often rely on bulky instrumentation, incur high costs, and require complex sample preparation, limiting their suitability for rapid or on-site analysis. Therefore, we developed a molecularly imprinted electrochemical electrode sensor using a hybrid platform of gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) and multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) for the sensitive and convenient detection of DEHP. The sensor was constructed by co-modifying a boron-doped diamond (BDD) electrode with MWCNTs and AuNPs, followed by the in situ electrochemical polymerization of a DEHP-specific molecularly imprinted polymer layer. The resulting electrode exhibited excellent electrochemical activity and selective molecular recognition. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy and frequency response analysis were used to characterize charge transfer resistance and interfacial capacitance over a DEHP concentration range of 1–50 ppm. In addition, principal component analysis was applied to explore the relationship between interfacial electrical parameters and sensing behaviors. Validation with real samples confirmed the sensor’s capability to detect DEHP across varying concentrations. Therefore, the molecularly imprinted AuNPs/MWCNTs/BDD electrode sensor demonstrates high sensitivity, excellent selectivity, and operational simplicity, offering a promising strategy for the on-site monitoring of small-molecule environmental contaminants.
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ANALYTICA CHIMICA ACTA
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2026
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IF 6.1
Xuan Zhang,Zhentao Li,Zilin Chen
Background Development of chiral sensors for determining amino acid enantiomers is an important topic in the biosensing field. However, the inherent non-electroactivity or weak electroactivity of many chiral amino acids poses a fundamental challenge for direct electrochemical detection, necessitating alternative transduction strategies. In this work we developed a sensitive electrochemical sensor for selective detection of chiral amino acids based on covalent organic framework–cyclodextrin–gold nanocomposite. Results In this work, a novel electrochemical chiral sensor was designed for the discrimination of both electroactive and non-electroactive enantiomers. The COF-V framework, synthesized from 1,3,5-tris(4-aminophenyl)benzene (TAPB) and 2,5-divinylterephthalaldehyde (DVA), served as the sensor substrate to enhance electrode stability and effective surface area. The chiral gold nanoparticle complex of 6-mercapto-6-deoxyβ-cyclodextrin (6-SH-β-CD) and 4-aminothiophenol (4-ATP) formed via Au–S bonds was electropolymerized on the surface of the COF-V-modified electrode by cyclic voltammetry, and then coated with a chitosan solution to provide a stable chiral microenvironment. The enantioselectivity of the sensor was evaluated by monitoring methylene blue redox signals, enabling chiral discrimination of phenylalanine, tryptophan, tyrosine, histidine, propranolol, and naproxen. This platform demonstrated excellent enantiomeric recognition for both electroactive and non-electroactive amino acids, exhibiting remarkable stability and reproducibility. Furthermore, successful quantitative detection of phenylalanine in real samples was achieved. Significance and novelty Chiral sensor work well for both electroactive and non-electroactive amino acids via MB competitive host-guest. COF-V substrate enhanced electrode surface area and stability. Synergy of AuNPs-cyclodextrin and chitosan for improving chiral recognition.
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JOURNAL OF COLLOID AND INTERFACE SCIENCE
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2026
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IF 9.6
Zhiming Chen,Jiabin Chen,Haoming Bao,Kaitao Liu,Pan Zeng,Fan Yang,Wei Cao,Dongqi Yang,An Cao,Tao Zhang,Yue Li
Surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) has been one of the efficient strategies for trace molecular analysis, but the traditional substrates with sharp tips cannot effectively detecting the molecular isomers. Here, we develop a facile way to fabricate large-area, reproducible Ag/Au nanocavity arrays by the combination of microsphere-templated soft lithography and self-assembly. Compared to the flat and convex substrate, the Ag/Au units arranged on the concave surface exhibit a high-density of hotspots via spatial light confinement and multi-reflection-enhanced electromagnetic coupling, which enables highly sensitive detection of probe molecules down to10 −12 M. Moreover, by integrating machine learning algorithms, the test set shows a coefficient of determination (R 2 ) of 0.9896, achieving advanced training performance for classifying four structurally analogous quinolone antibiotics (ciprofloxacin, enrofloxacin, danofloxacin, and enoxacin) with a quantitative prediction of 10 −10 M. This work demonstrates a robust pathway for the controllable fabrication of high-performance SERS substrates for the development of intelligent, quantitative, and on-site sensing platforms in complex practical scenarios. Download: Download high-res image (179KB) Download: Download full-size image
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MICROCHEMICAL JOURNAL
·
2026
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IF 5.2
Sheng Li,Na Gao,Mingxuan Wang,Xifeng Li,Mingli Wang
GO/Ag SERS substrate was fabricated via self-assembly of Ag NPs and graphene oxide. • GO/Ag SERS composite fiber substrate achieves 10 −11 M visual detection limit for 4-ATP and MG. • GO/Ag SERS substrate shows high uniformity, stability and 10.2% attenuation in 15 days. Surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) has emerged as a powerful technique for ultrasensitive molecular detection. This study develops a SERS substrate based on graphene oxide‑silver (Ag/GO) composite optical fibers, enabling highly sensitive molecular detection. The graphene oxide layer promotes target molecule adsorption through π-π stacking interactions and surface oxygen functional groups, while providing antioxidant protection for silver nanoparticles. Performance characterization using 4-mercaptobenzoic acid (4-MBA) demonstrated excellent repeatability, uniformity, and temporal stability. In addition, the visual detection limit of 4-aminothiophenol (4-ATP) and malachite green (MG) on the fiber optic substrate reaches 10 −11 mol/L. Based on the criterion of signal-to-noise ratio S/N ≥ 3, the quantitative detection limits of the two are 1.93 × 10 −12 mol/L (4-ATP) and 3.8 × 10 −12 mol/L (MG), respectively. These results indicate the application potential of the Ag/GO-functionalized optical fiber SERS substrate in trace analysis. Environmental implication This study employs an Ag/GO composite fiber SERS substrate for the in-situ and rapid detection of malachite green (MG) and 4-ATP in water, without requiring large amounts of organic reagents or causing secondary pollution. MG and 4-ATP have high toxic, resistant to degradation, and prone to bioaccumulation, posing risks to aquatic organisms and accumulating along the food chain. This SERS substrate provides a green approach for early warning of trace pollutants in water environments, contributing to the safeguarding of water ecological security and pollution control. Download: Download high-res image (83KB) Download: Download full-size image
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ACS Nano
·
2026
·
IF 17.3
Yue Chen,Shiqiang Feng,Juan-Feng Zhu,Nuo Yang,Xiangfu Hu,Dan Xu,Yan Wang,Lijun Hu,Haixia Liu,Youzhi Yang,Weigao Xu,Fang Cheng,Lin Wu,Xue-Jun Wu
Symmetrically branched metal nanostructures with intricate structural features and exceptional physicochemical properties demonstrate a significant potential for diverse applications. Nevertheless, achieving precise morphological control over these nanostructures with adjustable dimensions poses a considerable challenge, especially for stellated icosahedrons (STICs) with 20 orderly arranged branches. Here, we present a template replication strategy for the controllable synthesis of metal STICs with various compositions, featuring high yield, uniformity, and adjustable dimensions. The synthesis relies on fine-tuning the reduction kinetics toward heterogeneous nucleation and growth through optimizing the reduction potential of the metal precursors. Notably, the synthesized Au STICs exhibit tunable localized surface plasmon resonances and scattering spectra by varying their sizes as well as profound surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) activity. Electron energy-loss spectroscopy and numerical simulations confirm the symmetrical distribution of their surface plasmon resonances, enabling the polarization-angle-dependent SERS enhancement. Moreover, the resulting magnetic Ni-NiPx STICs exhibit chain-like self-assembly under magnetic fields. This work offers an approach to the rational synthesis of branched nanostructures with complex and intricate architectures that hold significant promise for applications in SERS and catalysis.
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