ACS Applied Polymer Materials
·
2025
·
IF 4.7
Haijie Zhou,Caiyan Wang,Ying Jian,Jiaye Hu,Lei Shi,Bin Li
Electroactive artificial muscles, represented by dielectric elastomer actuators, provide advantages such as flexibility, adaptability, and lightweight properties, enabling applications in soft electronics, soft robotics, and bionic machinery. However, dielectric elastomer actuators are limited by a constrained driving stroke of less than 0.2 mm despite achieving an area strain that exceeds 200%. The restricted stroke necessitates a complex structural design for actuators, often involving multilayer configurations and rolled elastomer designs, making it difficult to achieve macroscopic strokes like biological muscles. Additionally, dielectric elastomers typically exhibit considerable hysteresis (1 kJ m–3 to 2 MJ m–3). Inspired by biological muscles, which possess a significant amount of sarcoplasm that reduces hysteresis performance, we propose a strategy using a polyacrylate elastomer plasticized with the electroactive liquid 5CB. By adding 70% 5CB, the liquid fillers effectively lower polymer chains friction and incorporate dipole groups, which reduces hysteresis by 3 orders of magnitude and improves the electrical-mechanical coupling signals. Consequently, our PTMCHA/5CB gel muscle demonstrates an impressive stroke of 3.06 mm under a low electric field of 1.3 kV mm–1, which is 20 times greater than the stroke achieved by the current state-of-the-art single-layer dielectric elastomer. This gel presents promising opportunities for soft actuators and intelligent sensing systems.
研究领域:
材料科学
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软体机器人
·
仿生工程
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DOI
高影响因子
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ADVANCED MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
·
2026
·
IF 3.7
Bai Yushuai,Chen Hui,Liu Peng,Meng Xianglong,Zhang Jingjie,Yi Mingdong,Chen Zhaoqiang,Xiao Guangchun,Xu Chonghai
To enhance the dry cutting performance of YG8 cemented carbide tools, square-array pit-type micro-textures were fabricated on the tool rake face, and [BMIM]PF₆/5CB@PUF dual-core microcapsules were embedded into the micro-textures using a UV-curing filling method. This study used 300M steel as the workpiece material and employed an orthogonal experimental design to examine the effects of micro-texture parameters and microcapsule characteristics on the dry cutting performance of YG8 cemented carbide tools. The range analysis results indicate that the texture–edge distance is the dominant influencing factor, followed by microcapsule type, microcapsule content, and texture density. The best-performing cutting condition within the investigated experimental range was obtained with a texture–edge distance of 100 μm, a texture density of 20%, a microcapsule content of 20 wt.%, and a microcapsule type of [BMIM]PF₆/5CB@PUF. Compared with the untreated tool, the textured tool filled with microcapsules increased the cutting length by 12.9%, while reducing the cutting force, cutting temperature, and surface roughness by 38.35%, 29.65%, and 32.36%, respectively. EDS and XPS analyses reveal that the enhanced performance stems from the rupture of dual-core microcapsules during cutting. The subsequent continuous release of lubricants generates a stable film on the rake face, which minimizes direct tool-chip contact and friction. This improvement provides a novel strategy for achieving sustainable lubrication and enhanced efficiency in dry cutting operations.
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高影响因子
JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR LIQUIDS
·
2025
·
IF 5.2
Haichao Yu,Yan Xu,Jinfeng Zhao,Jiayue Huang,Jianjun Li,Xiaojun Liu,Yanfen Liu,Xiaohua Liu
Industrial and agricultural development has contributed to increased heavy metal pollution. Consequently, efficient heavy metal ion detection technologies are essential for comprehensive environmental monitoring and for safeguarding ecosystems and human health. We developed a rapid, user-friendly, and highly sensitive label-free sensing platform based on 4-cyano-4′-pentylbiphenyl (5CB) droplets for heavy metal ions detection. Five representative heavy metal ions and four light metal ions were chosen for feasibility testing. By varying solution pH and heavy metal ion concentration, we observed stearic-acid-mediated optical responses in the 5CB droplets. At 400 pM Cu(II), the sensor exhibited a rapid response, stabilizing within approximately 30 s, while at 30 pM the response time increased to around 330 s. Similarly, at 800 pM Fe(III) the response stabilized within about 40 s, whereas at 100 pM stabilization required approximately 420 s. The sensor's detection limits were 10–30 pM for Cu(II) and 80–100 pM for Fe(III). Compared to hemispherical designs, spherical 5CB microdroplets offer more uniform molecular alignment and improved optical clarity, thereby enhancing sensitivity and reducing detection time. Furthermore, the sensor can differentiate between heavy metal ions and light metal ions.
研究领域:
环境科学
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分析化学
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材料科学
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传感器技术
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纳米技术
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DOI
高影响因子
Science China-Chemistry
·
2022
·Vol. 65
·期 10
·2023-2030
·
IF 10.138
Liu Mengjun,Zhang Minmin,Chen Jiamei,Yang Ruizhi,Huang Zhaofan,Liu Zhenping,Li Na,Shui Lingling
The sensitive and differential detection of Gram-negative bacteria is essential in food processing, environmental monitoring, and the daily chemical industry. Herein, we propose and validate a liquid crystal (LC)-based aptasensor for the ultrasensitive detection of Escherichia coli ( E. coli ), a model of Gram-negative bacteria. The nematic liquid crystal of 4-cyano-4′-pentylbiphenyl (5CB) molecules can be orderly or disorderly arranged at the LC-aqueous interface via different stimuli, causing changes in optical texture due to birefringence. Bright schlieren texture is observed when a mixture solution of aptamer and hexadecyl trimethyl ammonium bromide (CTAB) is dripped onto the segmented LC films on a copper mesh. The specific binding of aptamers with target bacteria biomarkers liberates the CTAB molecules, which then self-assemble at the LC-aqueous interface to induce the vertical alignment of LCs. An optical transition from bright to dark is therefore achieved via the LC molecular orientation and serves as an aptasensor. Given the prominent affinity and specificity of the aptamer, the established sensitive and selective E. coli assay shows an ultralow detection limit of 27 cfu/mL. The prepared aptasensor can also be applied for the sensitive and selective determination of E. coli in fruit juice, soft drink, and cosmetic products, and shows great promise for the on-site detection of Gram-negative bacteria with high sensitivity and specificity for environmental monitoring, food safety assessment, and household chemical inspection.
研究领域:
生物传感器
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分析化学
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微生物学
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食品科学
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环境监测
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产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
TALANTA
·
2018
·
IF 4.244
Lele Zhou,Qiongzheng Hu,Qi Kang,Li Yu
Alkaline phosphatase (ALP), as an essential disease biomarker, widely distributes in various tissues, and plays a significant role in diagnosis and treatment of some diseases (e.g. cancers and liver dysfunction). Dichlorvos (DDVP), as one of typical organophosphate pesticide , could be hydrolyzed by ALP. In this work, we constructed a simple but robust 4-cyano-4′-pentylbiphenyl (5CB) droplet sensing platform for sensitive and convenient detection of DDVP based on its hydrolysis by ALP. The optical responses of liquid crystals (LCs) originated from controlling orientations of 5CB by using an ALP cleavable surfactant, sodium monododecyl phosphate (SMP). A dark crossed optical image of 5CB was observed due to formation of the SMP monolayer at the aqueous/LC droplet interface. Subsequently, 5CB turned to bright fan-shaped optical appearance upon addition of ALP and SMP mixture. Interestingly, LCs remained dark crossed optical images in contact with the pre-incubated mixture of DDVP and ALP. The detection limit of DDVP reached ~0.1 ng/mL. Isothermal titration calorimetry (ITC) and humam ALP ELISA kit provided strong evidence for the detection mechanism. This strategy was also used to evaluate whether the maximum pesticide residue limits of tomatoes conform to the relevant national standard requirement or not. Our study holds promise for real-time and label-free detection of pesticides with high sensitivity by employing portable LC-based sensing platform.
研究领域:
分析化学
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环境科学
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生物化学
·
食品安全
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产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
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