Enhancing the Energy-Conversion Efficiency of Solid-State Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells with a Charge-Transfer Complex based on 2,3-Dichloro-5,6-dicyano-1,4-benzoquinone
As a champion hole-transporting material (HTM), 2,2′7,7′-tetrakis-( N , N -di- p -methoxyphenylamine)-9,9′-spirobifluorene (Spiro-OMeTAD) has been widely used in solid-state dye-sensitized solar cells (ssDSCs). Owing to the low conductivity of Spiro-OMeTAD, a chemical doping strategy is commonly used to enhance its hole-transporting properties. In this study, we report a strong electron acceptor, 2,3-dichloro-5,6-dicyano-1,4-benzoquinone (DDQ) as an additive for Spiro-OMeTAD along with its application in ssDSCs. We show that the conductivity of Spiro-OMeTAD increases from 5.31×10 −5 to 2.22×10 −4 S cm upon the addition of 0.04 % DDQ, and the power conversion efficiency (PCE) of the ssDSCs also increases. By utilizing a donor–π–acceptor sensitizer with a high coefficient and an HTM with an optimized doping ratio, we were able to achieve a high PCE of 6.37 % for the ssDSCs under 100 mW cm −2 AM1.5G simulated illumination, in comparison to the PCE of the pristine device, which was only 3.50 %. An increase in the application of benzoquinone-based materials for organic electronics is expected, especially for solar-cell applications.
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