JOURNAL OF VINYL & ADDITIVE TECHNOLOGY
·
2026
·
IF 4
Dengwang Lai,Cheng Cao,Wuyan Cao,Li Liu,Yuejun Liu,Jun Yang
Polyamide 6 (PA6) is inherently flammable and prone to severe melt-dripping, which severely restricts its application in aerospace, rail transit, and public safety sectors. To address this, we developed a complementary flame-retardant system by incorporating electrochemically exfoliated graphene (GR), melamine polyphosphate (MPP), and aluminum diethylphosphinate (ADP) into PA6 via in situ polymerization. The thermal stability and interactions among the three components were thoroughly investigated. The results indicate that the optimized formulations exhibit significant flame-retardant enhancement. Specifically, the GR/MPP/ADP/PA6-012 and GR/MPP/ADP/PA6-75 composites achieved limiting oxygen index (LOI) values of 35% and 29%, respectively, and both passed the vertical burning test and achieved V-0 rating, without any dripping. In cone calorimetry, the GR/MPP/ADP/PA6-57 composite demonstrated the most effective heat-release suppression, with the peak heat release rate (pHRR) and total heat release (THR) significantly reduced to 76.3 kW m −2 and 37.7 MJ m −2 , respectively. Mechanistic analysis reveals that GR forms a continuous, compact physical barrier during combustion, effectively hindering heat transfer. MPP promotes the formation of an expanded char layer, enhancing condensed-phase protection. Meanwhile, ADP releases PO · radicals in the gas phase to quench flame-active species and simultaneously promotes char formation. The three components work complementarily, establishing a multi-level “barrier–charring–quenching” flame-retardant network. This study proposes an efficient and environmentally friendly flame-retardant strategy for PA6. By optimizing the ratio of each flame retardant, the resulting composites exhibit superior flame-retardant performance, offering new insights into the flame-retardant modification of engineering plastics and the design of multi-component systems. Highlights GR/MPP/ADP flame-retardant system for PA6 was developed via electrochemistry and in situ polymerization. Electrochemically exfoliated GR forms a continuous two-dimensional physical barrier in PA6 with excellent dispersibility. The ternary system achieves an LOI of 35% and vertical burning test V-0 rating without any dripping. Optimized composite reduced pHRR by 85.3% and THR by 28.5% in cone calorimetry. Synergistic GR/MPP/ADP system builds a barrier–charring–quenching flame-retardant network.
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EUROPEAN POLYMER JOURNAL
·
2026
·
IF 6.8
Yiqing Wang,Jingkai Liu,Ziyu Liu,Jinyue Dai,Xiaoqing Liu
Currently, the mainstream organic phase change materials (PCMs) like paraffin are almost petroleum-derived and typically incinerated at end-of-life, raising sustainability concerns. Herein, a bifunctional PCM (C-ah-HDI) was synthesized from renewable cardanol which also shows high-value upcycling characteristics. The incorporation of reversible intermolecular hydrogen bonds yields a high melting temperature ( T m ) of 104.9 °C, outperforming most organic PCMs. The acceptable latent heat (Δ H m ) of 110.1 J g −1 and excellent cycling stability (>50 cycles) ensure reliable thermal storage application. When encapsulated in expanded graphite (EG), the composite demonstrates significant potential for photothermal conversion. Crucially, under thermal runaway conditions, C-ah-HDI undergoes ring-opening polymerization (ROP) to form a crosslinked network, imparting intrinsic flame retardancy that reduces the peak heat release rate by 62.3% compared to a commercial organic PCM. Demonstrating a circular economy approach, end-of-life C-ah-HDI was successfully upcycled as a reactive modifier for a commercial polybenzoxazine (PH-ddm). At an optimal loading of 5 wt%, the copolymer exhibited a 18.4% increase in impact strength and a 7.8% increase in tensile strength, transforming a potential waste stream into a value-added reinforcing and toughening agent. This work presents a compelling strategy for molecular design of organic PCMs integrating performance, safety, and sustainability.
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CHIRALITY
·
2026
·Vol. 38
·期 3
·e70091
·
IF 2.4
Mengwei Zhang,Shuyi Song,Yingao Wang,Songze Wang,Mingshan Zheng,Xi-Ling Li,Jun Zhe Min
Doenjang is the most used fermented soy product in Asian countries. At present, the simultaneous determination of DL-amino acids and histamine in doenjang has not been reported. Therefore, an UHPLC–MS/MS method was developed based on a novel chiral derivatization probe DBD-M-Pro, enabling for the first time the simultaneous quantification of 10 DL-amino acids and histamine in doenjang samples from different regions. Achieving resolution (Rs) values of 1.62–6.31 for the 10 DL-amino acids. The limits of detection (LODs) for DL-amino acids and histamine ranged from 0.54 to 15.62 pmol. The intraday and interday precision (RSD) were 0.21%–10.63%, and the average recoveries were 93.18%–109.07%. This method was applied to analyze 12 doenjang samples from Northeastern China, Korea, and Japan. The results showed that there was a significant geographical distribution of DL-amino acids and histamine. Yanbian Korean doenjang from China showed a unique advantage in that the total amount of DL-amino acids was significantly higher than that from other regions, with histamine concentration generally increasing with longer fermentation times. This study provides a stable and reliable method for the simultaneous determination of chiral amino acids and histamine in fermented foods such as doenjang.
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Applied Food Research
·
2026
·Vol. 6
·期 1
·101796
·
IF 5.4
Chong Chen,Ran Xiao,Shuang Du,Jingni Xu,Pengjie Wang,Yang Song,Xiaobing Wang,Han Chen,Tianjiao Niu,Weibo Zhang
Plasmin persists in many dairy products, leading to undesirable quality defects. High pressure jet (HPJ) processing may be a potential method to reduce the plasmin (PL) activity due to its strong shear and high pressure. However, the impact of HPJ processing on the activity of PL-system remains unknown. In the study, the activities of PL and plasminogen (PG) in raw milk treated with HPJ were evaluated. PL activity increased from 127.24% to 180.21% in milk treated HPJ at 100-300MPa for single-cycle. Meanwhile, HPJ processing increased the PG activators (PA) activity and reduced the PA inhibitors (PAI) activity, suggesting that the increase of PL activity was caused by the conversion of PG to PL. Furthermore, milk treated with HPJ at 200 MPa or 300 MPa for three cycles can substantially decrease the activities of PL and PG. The initial TPC values in milk decreased from 1.37 × 10 4 CFU/mL to 8.00 × 10 1 and 2.00 × 10 1 CFU/mL. Overall, these results suggested that increasing the cycle number is an effective method to inhibit PL activity and achieve sterilization, which provided preliminary mechanistic insights into the effects of HPJ treatment on the PL-system in milk.
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Nature Communications
·
2026
·
IF 15.7
Huang Zhenkai,Peng Jianping,Zhang Wei,Yue Kan,Wang Xun
The inherent low polarity and weak intermolecular interactions of nonpolar media impose a fundamental thermodynamic constraint on gelation. Despite recent breakthroughs in designing highly stretchable and tough hydrogels, developing organogels that absorb nonpolar organic liquids with comparable mechanical performance has remained elusive. We report an ultra-stretchable and crack-resistant nonpolar organogel engineered through an inorganic nanowire-polymer hybrid network, overcoming the elasticity-strength trade-off. This hybrid network can absorb and gelate diverse nonpolar organic liquids at mass absorption ratios reaching over 35:1. The resultant organogels exhibit outstanding mechanical properties, including breaking elongation up to 1600% and true fracture strength over 1.5 MPa. In addition, through dynamic strain-induced nanowire alignment during tensile deformation, the organogels possess outstanding crack and fatigue resistance (fracture energy up to 1.7 kJ m −2 and fatigue threshold up to 95.3 J m −2 ). These advances make our organogels ideal for nonpolar organic liquid solidification and spilled petrol recovery applications.
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POLYMER
·
2023
·
IF 4.6
Shuimi Zhong,Yintao Guo,Feng Gao,Qisong Lin,Yongjun Wang,Wenxing Chen,Wangyang Lu
In industrial application of polycaprolactam, the content of caprolactam monomer and oligomers , as well as their average molecular weight are the key factors. In this work, a liquid-chromatography/time-of-flight mass spectrometry (LC-TOF-MS) method and an advanced polymer chromatography/multi-angle laser light scattering/refractive index detector (APC-MALLS-RID) hyphenated technique have been developed as a quantitative analysis method for monomer and cyclic oligomers, and a means of determining the molecular weight of polycaprolactam. The melt post-polycondensation reaction characteristics of polycaprolactam films and the variation in monomers and cyclic oligomers (C2–C7) content have been systematically investigated. The results showed excellent repeatability and stability of quantitative test results on monomers and cyclic oligomers in polycaprolactam. The content of monomers and cyclic oligomers in the polycaprolactam decreased from 10.21% to 1.52% at 260 °C and 50 Pa for 60 min, and the average molecular weight increased from 1.53 × 10 4 g/mol to 2.36 × 10 4 g/mol. Additionally, the results of differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) experiments showed that the thermal stability and crystallization properties of polycaprolactam were improved after the film melt post-polycondensation reaction. Thus, this melt post-polycondensation method can realize the efficient removal of monomers and cyclic oligomers (compared with the traditional hot water extraction method) and afford high-quality polycaprolactam with high average molecular weight.
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ADVANCED FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS
·
2023
·Vol. 33
·期 29
·2215116
·
IF 19
Hao Xia,Ze Dong,Qi Tang,Rongjian Ding,Yimeng Bai,Ke Zhou,Lihuang Wu,Lili Hao,Yiyan He,Jun Yang,Hongli Mao,Zhongwei Gu
Excessive inflammation, bacterial infection, and blocked angiogenesis make diabetic wound healing challenging. Multifunctional wound dressings have several advantages in diabetic wound healing. In addition, the pH regulation of the microenvironment is shown to be a key factor that promotes skin regeneration through cellular immune regulation. However, few reports have focused on the development of functional dressings with the ability to regulate the pH microenvironment and promote diabetic wound healing. This study presents a novel approach for regulating the pH microenvironment of diabetic wound sites using a glycopeptide-based hydrogel consisting of modified hyaluronic acid and poly(6-aminocaproic acid). This hydrogel forms a network through Schiff base interactions and metal complexation, which suppresses inflammation and accelerates angiogenesis during wound healing. Hydrogels not only have adequate mechanical properties and self-healing ability but can also support tissue adhesion. They can also promote the secretion of inducible cAMP early repressor, which promotes the polarization of macrophages toward the M2 type. The in vivo results confirm that hydrogel promotes diabetic wound repair and skin regeneration by exerting rapid anti-inflammatory effects and promoting angiogenesis. Therefore, this hydrogel system represents an effective strategy for treating diabetic wounds.
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CERAMICS INTERNATIONAL
·
2022
·
IF 5.532
Ting Fan,Jian-tao Lü,Wen-qiang Deng,Jun-xian Mai,Jie Liang,Ting-ting Deng,Wen Fan,Qin-song Zhou,Qi-feng Lin
Water-soluble Mn 2+ doped CsPbCl 3 nanocrystals coating by 6-aminocaproic acid (ACA) ligand were prepared by a simple ligand assisted reprecipitation method at room temperature. The CsPbCl 3 :Mn 2+ /ACA nanocrystals were almost cubic phase and had mean size of about 10 nm. Due to the coating and passivation of ACA, the CsPbCl 3 :Mn 2+ /ACA nanocrystals retained the initial fluorescence intensity of 20% after being dispersed in deionized water for 20 days. The orange LED device based on CsPbCl 3 :Mn 2+ /ACA nanocrystals were prepared with excellent luminescence properties. In the cytotoxicity test, even if the MCF-7 cells were cultured for 24 h at the concentration of CsPbCl 3 :Mn 2+ /ACA nanocrystals as high as 160 μg·ml −1 , the cell survival rate was still 70%. Confocal fluorescent cell imaging results showed that the nanocrystals had remarkable fluorescent cell imaging effect even after 24 h. The synthesized CsPbCl 3 :Mn 2+ /ACA nanocrystals have nice water solubility, good water stability, low cytotoxicity and highly luminescence properties, and have great application potential in the field of orange LED and fluorescent probes .
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Analytical Methods
·
2023
·Vol. 15
·期 7
·884-895
·
IF 3.1
Xin Wang,Xiaoqi Sun,Yueying Jin,Shengyu Cheng,Yu Han,Minghui Zhang,Lingli Zhang,Xi-Ling Li,Chun-Yan Xu,Jun Zhe Min
This study reports a novel fluorescent chiral derivatization reagent, 4-(N,N-dmethylaminosulfonyl)-2,1,3-benzoxadiazole-(2-succinimidoxy)-trans-2-methyl-L-proline (DBD-S-M-Pro), with a benzoxadiazole structure containing an N-hydroxysuccinimide activation group. DBD-S-M-Pro targets chiral amino-functional compounds under alkaline conditions without a condensation agent. Gradient elution was performed on a BEH C18 (100 × 2.1 mm, 1.7 μm) column with a mobile phase of 0.05% formic acid (FA) in 10 mM ammonium acetate (CH3COONH4) and 0.1% FA in acetonitrile or methanol. The efficiency of the chiral resolution was evaluated under excitation and emission wavelengths of 450 nm and 560 nm, respectively. The 19 chiral amino acids were separated in the range of 1.45–14.84. The resolutions of almost all DL-amino acids exceeded 1.5; the exceptions were serine (Ser) and lysine (Lys), with resolutions of 1.45 and 1.46, respectively. In addition, a new approach was devised for the simultaneous analysis of four chiral amino acids (DL-Glu, DL-Ala, DL-Val, and DL-Phe) in human hair. These amino acids were analyzed in the range of 12.5–400 pmol, with R2 ≥ 0.9990, limits of detection (S/N = 3) of 4–10 pmol, and intraday and interday precisions of 0.57–6.23%. The average spikes in the hair recoveries were 89.76–111.54%, and the matrix effects were 92.47–102.40%. Next, the contents of free chiral amino acids in the hair samples of 10 healthy volunteers (five males and five females) were analyzed with this method, and the differences were compared. The developed DBD-S-M-Pro provides a novel strategy for the sensitive determination of free chiral amino acids in living organisms.
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Journal of Inorganic and Organometallic Polymers and Materials
·
2023
·Vol. 33
·期 10
·3237-3246
·
IF 4
Zhu Xiaokang,Wang Xiuwu,Zhou Guiyang,Yin Hong,Qi Dongming,Deng Hangjun,Chen Tao
The preparation of polymer-metal complex is an effective way to achieve the bifunctionality of polymer and metal. In this study, temperature-sensitive polymer was synthesized from triethylene glycol methyl ether methacrylate (MEO 2 MA) and methacrylic acid N-hydroxysuccinimide ester (NMS) monomers via reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) polymerization. 6-Aminohexanoic acid was introduced into the temperature-sensitive polymer using an activated ester strategy to obtain branched carboxyl-containing polymers. The carboxyl group in the polymer was coordinated with Fe(III), resulting in temperature-sensitive polymer-based iron complexes. The obtained iron complexes were used as homogeneous catalysts in the Fenton oxidation. Where, 97% and 96% decolorization of rhodamine B (RhB) and methylene blue (MB) could be achieved within 2 h for P(COOH 10 - co -MEO 2 MA 41 )-Fe 3+ , and the catalytic activities increased with the increase of the COOH content of polymer. In addition, the recycling of the catalyst can be achieved by the heating-centrifugal precipitation method using the temperature-sensitive nature of the polymer. Graphical Abstract
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POLYMER DEGRADATION AND STABILITY
·
2023
·
IF 5.9
Yanlu Sun,Zhengqi Wang,Dequn Wu,Xueli Wang,Jianyong Yu,Ruchao Yuan,Faxue Li
The absence of inherently flame-retardant polyamide 6 (FR-PA6) with enhanced anti-dripping and melt spinnability has significantly limited its further application in textiles. In this work, a binary reactive flame retardant composed of commercial 9,10-dihydro-10-[2,3- di ( hydroxycarbonyl ) propyl ]-10-phosphaphenanthrene-10-oxide (DDP) and synthesized polydiphenylsiloxane (PDPS) was employed to fabricate FR-PA6 through a facile synthetic route. The prepared FR-PA6 containing 5 wt% DDP and 5 wt% PDPS (FR-PA6-5-5) exhibited a UL94 V-0 rating with no melt-droplets during combustion, a 31.0% reduction in heat release rate and a 18.8% decrease in total heat release compared to pure PA6 in cone calorimetric tests. The improved fire safety of FR-PA6-5-5 was contributed to the gas-phase quenching and dilution effect and the condensed-phase barrier effect, which was enhanced by the synergistic charring effect achieved through the formation of P(= O )-O-Si. Additionally, FR-PA6-5-5 exhibited excellent melt spinnability as demonstrated by the successful preparation of filaments with a tensile strength of approximately 2.27 cN/dtex.
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Polymers
·
2023
·Vol. 15
·期 13
·2812
·
IF 5
Yingwei Zhang,Chunhua Wang,Yong Yi,Wenzhi Wang,Jun Yang
In order to adjust the properties of polyamide 6 (PA6) and expand its application, a new strategy of introducing an aromatic imide structure into the PA6 chain through the random copolymerization method is reported. The diimide diacid monomer was first synthesized by the dehydration and cyclization of pyromellitic dianhydride and 6-aminocaproic acid before it reacted with 1,6-hexamethylene diamine to form poly(amide imide) (PAI) salt, and finally synthesized PA6/PAI random copolymers containing an aromatic imide structure by the random copolymerization of ε-caprolactam and PAI salt. The introduction of an aromatic imide structural unit into the PA6 chain could have a great influence on its properties. As the content of PAI increases, the crystallinity (Xc) and melting temperature (Tm) of the PA6/PAI random copolymer gradually decrease, but its glass transition temperature (Tg) increases obviously. When the PAI content is 20 wt%, the copolymer PA6/PAI-20 has the best comprehensive performance and not only has high thermal stabilities but also excellent mechanical properties (high strength, high modulus, and good toughness) and dielectric properties (low dielectric constant and dielectric loss). Moreover, these properties are significantly superior to those of PA6. Such high-performance PA6 random copolymers can provide great promise for the wider applications of PA6 materials.Keywords:polyamide 6;poly(amide imide);random copolymerization
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