查找使用阿拉丁产品的科研文献

Exploring the benefit of different methods to perform assisted hatching in the ART laboratory: A narrative review

Romualdo Sciorio,Pier Francesco Greco,Mohammed Adel,Lucia Maresca,Ermanno Greco,Steven Fleming

In the last decades, to enhance success rates in assisted reproductive technology (ART) cycles, scientists have continually tried to optimize embryo culture and selection to increase clinical outcomes. In this scenario, the application of laser technology has increased considerably worldwide and is currently applied across ART in several ways: for assisted hatching (AH) or thinning of the zona pellucida (ZP), embryo biopsy, to immobilize and select the sperm during intracytoplasmic sperm injection, as well as to induce artificial blastocyst shrinkage before cryopreservation. Laser-AH has been suggested as a procedure to improve embryo implantation: the concept is that drilling holes through or thinning of the ZP could improve the hatching process and implantation. The artificial disruption of the ZP can be performed by different approaches: mechanically, chemically and with the laser, which is one of the most favourable and easy methods to remove part of the ZP and to augment the possibilities of implantation in patients defined as having a poor prognosis of success, or when the ZP is too thick. However, in the current literature, there is not sufficient evidence about the potential risk or impairment that laser utilization might induce on embryo development; therefore, the main aim of the current review is to provide an overview of the existing knowledge on the ZP and the mechanisms of manipulating it to improve the effectiveness of ART. Also, it emphasizes the positive aspect of laser application as a powerful tool that might increase the chance of pregnancy for infertile couples undergoing ART cycles.

Improved art bioactivity by encapsulation within cyclodextrin carboxylate

Yao Hu,David Julian McClements,Xiaojing Li,Long Chen,Jie Long,Aiquan Jiao,Fei Xie,Jinpeng Wang,Zhengyu Jin,Chao Qiu

Artemisinin (Art) is a natural sesquiterpene lactone that is claimed to exhibit various bioactivities. The poor solubility of Art in both water and oil hinders its application in formulations intended for oral administration. In this study, we investigated the potential of forming a host–guest complex between Art and succinic acid modified cyclodextrin (SACD) to improve its solubility characteristics. Art-SACD inclusion complexes (2:1 M ratio) were successfully formed in water, which was attributed to the relatively large cavity size of SACD, as well as the intermolecular interactions between the Art and succinic acid branches in the cavity. The thermal stability of the Art was retained after incorporation into the Art-SACD complexes, which may be useful for applications such as pasteurization or cooking. The encapsulated Art showed antibacterial activity against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. Such encapsulation technology allows Art to be introduced into oral delivery systems in a bioactive form.

Identification of Pathogenic PD-1+CD8+ T Cells for Effective Chimeric Antigen Receptor Therapy in a Murine Model of Sjögren Disease

Jin-Fen Ma,Ting Xu,Hao-Xian Zhu,Xiao-Min Chen,Liang Li,Zhi-Bin Zhao,Liwei Lu,Yang Li,Zhe-Xiong Lian,Cai-Yue Gao

Objective Activated T cells play a pivotal pathogenic role in the progression of Sjögren disease (SjD); however, there are currently no targeted therapies specifically designed to address them. This study aims to identify pathogenic CD8 + T cells in SjD and develop targeted therapeutic strategies. Methods Il12b-/-Il2ra-/- mice, a murine model for overlapping primary biliary cholangitis and SjD, were employed in this study. Pathogenic CD8 + T cells were identified through single-cell RNA sequencing and flow cytometry analyses of samples from both patients with SjD and relevant murine models. Shared T cell receptor analysis was conducted to trace the potential precursors of pathogenic CD8 + T cells. The efficacy of PD-1-targeted chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)–T cell therapy was evaluated through the assessment of salivary gland secretory function, immunologic profiles, and histopathological changes in the murine model. Results We identified PD-1 as a comprehensive marker of clonally expanded and activated pathogenic CD8 + T cells in the salivary glands and peripheral tissues. Flow cytometry further confirmed the activation phenotype and cytotoxicity of PD-1 + CD8 + T cells in the salivary glands of patients with SjD. Notably, the number of PD-1 + CD8 + T cells in the labial glands positively correlated with disease activity in patients with SjD. These findings highlight the therapeutic potential of depleting PD-1 + CD8 + T cells in SjD. Furthermore, PD-1-targeted CAR-T cell therapy significantly alleviated SjD symptoms in a murine model. Conclusion We identified the pathogenic role of PD-1 + CD8 + T cells in both patients with SjD and a murine model and demonstrated the efficacy of PD-1-targeted CAR-T cell therapy in SjD model mice. Our findings suggest a promising avenue for developing clinical therapeutic strategies for patients with SjD.

State-of-the-Art in Automated Story Generation Systems Research

Rebeca Amaya Ansag,Avelino J. Gonzalez

This paper presents a review of research works from the last several years in automated story generation systems. These systems are categorised into interactive story generation systems and non-Interactive story generation systems. Interactive systems are those that collaborate with a user/author during the process of creating and/or executing the story. The extent of user interaction varies across systems but remains an integral part of the creation and/or the unfolding of the story. Non-Interactive systems concentrate on complete automation of the creative process involved in narrative generation to create diverse and interesting stories. Interactive story generators specifically designed for video game narratives are reviewed as a separate sub-class of interactive story generation systems. Also reviewed are the methods used for evaluation of story generation systems as a way to explore the possibility of having standard methods of evaluation within the research community. The paper includes a discussion of trends and directions of the research discipline.

Applications of tetrabutylphosphonium-based ionic liquids: A state-of-the-art review

Maida Akhlaq,Maliha Uroos

Phosphonium-based ionic liquids are considered superior over others imidazolium- and pyridinium-based ionic liquids (ILs) due to their stability, availability and low cost. Among phosphonium ILs, tetrabutylphosphonium (TBP)-based ILs exhibit exciting properties which make them potential candidate for academic and industrial applications. The most influential characteristics of TBP-based ILs are excellent thermal and chemical stability, affordability, faster rate, high polarity and viscosity. Their misibility with water make them even more attractive as solvents for dissolution of recalcitrant structures, enzymatic hydrolysis and extraction of biomolecules. In electrochemistry, high conductivities and wide electrochemical window make them credible electrolyte material in supercapacitor batteries. Additionally, they are slowly gaining the ground of conventional organic solvents and catalysts as greener alternatives. The most significant application of TBP-based ILs is CO 2 absorption, the proton-donating capacity of TBP cation allows the stable ylide formation and facilitates the CO 2 sorption. All in all, the outstanding physiochemical properties and applications of TBP-based ILs provide fundamental understanding of these ILs with future rational design to explore them further in many different industrial, chemical and biological fields.

A state-of-the-art review on biomechanical models and biodynamic responses

Veeresalingam Guruguntla,Mohit Lal

Biomechanical models are mathematical representations of human structure. These models are used to analyse joint and injury mechanics and design of prosthetic devices for human body under various conditions. Biomechanical model development involves the integration of knowledge from various fields, including mechanics, biology, physiology, and mathematics. Biomechanical models have become more significant in the healthcare sector as researchers strive to offer better medical supplies and ride comfort. It has uses in automobile and sports science as well, to create human dummies for accident and segmental vibration transmissibility study, improve training routines, and prevent injuries. These biomechanical models might be anything from straightforward lumped parameter models to intricate multi-body models. The virtues, weaknesses, and contemporary uses of lumped parameter modelling and multi body modelling in biomechanical modelling are discussed in this article. Subsequently, emphasised the recent modelling improvements and explored the future direction of biomechanical modelling. Researchers and professionals who wish to apply biomechanical models to comprehend human movement and enhance performance may find this review to be helpful.

Catalytic Conversion of Glycerol to Lactic Acid: State of the Art and Prospects

Zavrazhnov S. A.,Esipovich A. L.,Danov S. M.,Zlobin S. Yu.,Belousov A. S.

In this review article, recent trends in the catalytic processes for the synthesis of lactic acid from glycerol are systematized. Based on literature data, the mechanisms of glycerol conversion in the presence of bases and the oxidative conversion of glycerol are proposed. Advantages and disadvantages of each method are shown and prospects in the use of highly selective heterogeneous catalytic processes are discussed.

A ‘Barbaric Display of Oriental Magnificence’: Indian Art at the Melbourne International Exhibition, 1880–1881

Cherie McKeich

Cellular Engineering and Biocatalysis Strategies toward Sustainable Cadaverine Production: State of the Art and Perspectives

Jiali Mi,Simin Liu,Haishan Qi,Jie Huang,Xiang Lan,Lei Zhang

Cadaverine, a diamine monomer, broadly exists in living organisms participating in metabolism processes. As a promising substitute of 1,6-diaminohexane, cadaverine can polymerize with dicarboxylic acids and yield biobased polyamides, polyamide (PA) 5×, showing ecofriendly and excellent mechanical properties in the fields of electronics, automobile, material, storage, and others. Due to the increasing attentions on environment problems, biopolyamide is expected to be an ideal and green material to substitute conventional chemistry polyamide. This review summarizes the properties, potential applications, and production strategies about cadaverine and mainly focuses on the recent developments by cellular engineering Escherichia coli and Corynebacterium glutamicum as main workhorses. In addition, the key enzyme lysine decarboxylase decorated by means of immobilization and mutation to efficiently catalyze lysine and its catalysis mechanisms are also discussed. In order to achieve industrial applications, the indispensable steps of separation and purification are described as well and perspectives for cadaverine manufacturing from renewable resources are further provided.

Review on High-Temperature-Resistant Viscoelastic Surfactant Fracturing Fluids: State-of-the-Art and Perspectives

Jinming Liu,Pingli Liu,Juan Du,Qiang Wang,Xiang Chen,Liqiang Zhao

A viscoelastic surfactant (VES) fluid is an important part of a water-based fracturing fluid. As oil and gas exploration expands into deep, high-temperature, low-permeability reservoirs, the conventional VES fracturing fluid has shown great limitations. The high-temperature-resistance mechanisms of the high-temperature-resistant VES fracturing fluids in publicly available literature were analyzed from five aspects: single-chain surfactant system, oligomeric surfactant system, counterion effect, blended surfactant system, and nano-enhanced VES system. The friction-reduction performance, sand-carrying performance, gel-breaking performance, and core-damage performance of these systems were summarized. The results show that oligomeric surfactants with a monounsaturated hydrophobic long chain (>C21) are most likely to be used for VES fracturing fluids in high-temperature reservoirs, but the loading of the surfactants is still relatively high (3–5 wt %). By reducing the repulsion among polar headgroups to effectively decrease the area of head groups, or/and penetrating into the nonpolar cores based on hydrophobic interaction to increase the average hydrophobic volume of hydrophobic tails, counterions affect the performance of VESs. The aromatic counterion salts are preferred choices for improving the temperature resistance, friction reduction, and suspended sand performance of VES fluids. The blended surfactant/synthetic polymer systems based on noncovalent interaction improve the temperature resistance of VES fluids and reduce the loading of the surfactants to a certain extent. Based on the “pseudo-cross-linking” of nanomaterials and wormlike micelles, a very small amount of nanomaterials can improve the temperature resistance of VES fluids and reduce the loading of the surfactants. The most essential and effective method to improve the temperature resistance of VES fluids for fracturing is the molecular structure design based on the packing parameter theory. However, the synthesis process or route still needs further optimization to reduce production costs. In addition, given the excellent performance of VES fluids enhanced by nanomaterials, further research should be conducted on the influence mechanism of nanomaterial type and geometric features on the performance of VESs, as well as the potential harmfulness of nanomaterials, to promote the field-scale application of nano-enhanced VES fluids.

Powerful synergy: efficient Pt–Au–Si nanocomposites as state-of-the-art catalysts for electrochemical hydrogen evolution

Binbin Jiang,Zeyuan Tang,Fan Liao,Haiping Lin,Shunkai Lu,Youyong Li,Mingwang Shao

The hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) is a fundamental electrochemical reaction to produce hydrogen gas from the electrolysis of water, and has been regarded as an attractive solution to many energy challenges. In the past few decades, platinum has been widely demonstrated to split water into hydrogen gas at high reaction rates and low overpotentials. Nevertheless, decreasing the loading of Pt in the designed electrocatalysts is very significant. However, with low Pt loading, it is challenging to maintain excellent catalytic performance. Here we report a Pt–Au–Si ternary nanocomposite as a highly active catalyst for the HER. The optimal composition of Pt–Au–Si was determined to be 7.2 : 31.3 : 61.5 (Pt : Au : Si, mass ratio) with a Tafel slope of only 24 mV dec−1. To be specific, the mass activity of the Pt–Au–SiNW-2 catalyst was 6.5 fold that of a 40 wt% Pt/C catalyst at an overpotential of 60 mV. More importantly, the cathodic current density even surpassed 40 wt% Pt/C when the overpotential was larger than 0.17 V (the corresponding current density was 108 mA cm−2). The outstanding catalytic performance might be derived from the synergy of the respective properties of the three components: the fast hydrogen adsorption rate on Pt, the quick migration of the adsorbed hydrogen atoms on Au and the rapid hydrogen evolution rate on Si. This research opens up a novel strategy to prepare highly efficient catalysts for electrochemical hydrogen evolution reactions.

What is the role of laser-assisted hatching in enhancing ART success rates: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Ma Yang,Ying Yiyang,Huang Zanche,Zhang Qin,Ren Ning

Background Laser-assisted hatching (LAH) has been reported to improve implantation and pregnancy rates, yet its efficacy and safety profile require rigorous evaluation. To assess the impact of LAH on pregnancy-related outcomes and safety metrics within Assisted Reproductive Technologies (ART) procedures, we conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis. Methods Electronic databases were searched from inception to November 30, 2023. Studies, comparing LAH with other hatching methods or no intervention within ART frameworks, were included. The quality of the included studies was rigorously evaluated using the Risk of Bias In Non-randomized Studies-of Interventions (ROBINS-I) tool with a Weighted Cohen’s kappa coefficient (κ). Summative data, subgroup analyses, and evaluation of heterogeneity were analyzed via Stata 15. Results 47 eligible studies were included, covering 24,876 couples. When comparing the effectiveness of LAH to other methods or no intervention, the results revealed enhancements in implantation and clinical pregnancy rates. For implantation rates, the pooled effect size showed an OR of 1.22 (95% CI 1.09–1.36), indicating a modest improvement with LAH. As for clinical pregnancy rates, LAH was associated with an OR of 1.12 (95% CI 1.03–1.22), demonstrating its positive impact. However, term delivery rates showed a modest but statistically detectable improvement, with an OR of 1.07 (95% CI 1.01–1.14), and sensitivity analysis revealed this effect to be study-dependent. The abortion rate remained statistically unchanged with LAH, OR 0.95 (95% CI 0.85–1.06; P  = 0.34; I 2 : 0%). Subgroup analyses, particularly focusing on age and embryo status (fresh vs. frozen), elucidated some of the observed heterogeneity, offering a deeper understanding of LAH's varying impacts across different patient demographics and treatment specifics. Conclusion LAH represents a valuable adjunct in ART, particularly beneficial for specific patient groups. It modestly improves implantation and clinical pregnancy rates without compromising safety. However, its effect on term delivery is small, sensitive to individual studies, and uncertain overall. Graphical