International Journal of Electrochemical Science
·
2023
·
IF 1.5
Miao He,Yuting Xie,Zihui Ni,Xuzhong Zeng,Hebin Bao,Xiaodi Wu,Li Liu,Xueming Li,Qihui Wang
Based on the superior exothermic properties, Al/CuO nanothermites are considered as one of the most promising energetic materials in recent years. In this work, the CuO nanospheres with particle size of 100–120 nm were successfully synthesized by a simple solution route and subsequent heat treatment, and used as oxidizer of Al/CuO nanothermites. The electrophoretic deposition kinetics of Al/CuO nanothermites were investigated in detail. Then, the morphology and composition of the as–prepared Al/CuO nanothermites were characterized by means of scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X–ray diffraction (XRD), X–ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and spectrophotometry. The results show that the electrophoretic deposition behavior of Al/CuO nanothermites is controlled by diffusion. Furthermore, there is a linear relationship between the equivalent ratio in the suspension (Ф d ) and the deposited film (Ф s ). The Ф d can be precisely adjusted by changing the electrophoresis parameters. When the equivalent ratio of Al/CuO nanothermites in the suspension is 1.5, the heat release of the sample can reach up to 1977 J/g. This work provides a new strategy for the preparation of nanothermites by electrophoretic deposition.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
化学工程
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
ADVANCED ENGINEERING MATERIALS
·
2019
·Vol. 21
·期 12
·1900825
·
IF 2.906
Yaofeng Mao,Lin Zhong,Xu Zhou,Dawei Zheng,Xingquan Zhang,Tao Duan,Fude Nie,Bing Gao,Dunju Wang
The booming development of 3D printing offers unprecedented hope for the construction of functional materials. However, it is still challenging to fabricate nano energetic materials due to the high sensitivity of energetic materials and the difficulty of high loading of materials. Recently, ink-based direct ink writing (DIW) 3D printing process for the preparation of reactive materials has attracted worldwide attention because of the simplicity in design of micro architecture and the possibility of low-cost manufacturing. Herein, a novel strategy for printing Al/CuO nanothermite is successfully achieved by DIW 3D printing of nanothermite inks with good rheology shear-thinning properties using F 2311 as a binder. The loading of nanothermite in this ink formula is up to 90 wt.%, and the burning rate can be as high as 352 mm s −1 . This approach provides new routes for achieving the applications in micro energetic device by printing high resolution and precise patterns of nanothermite with enhanced combustion performance.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
化学工程
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
Defence Technology
·
2020
·
IF 2.637
Yue-ting Wang,Xiao-ting Zhang,Jian-bing Xu,Yun Shen,Cheng-ai Wang,Fu-wei Li,Ze-hua Zhang,Jian Chen,Ying-hua Ye,Rui-qi Shen
In this study, Al–CuO nanocomposites were fabricated by sol-gel method. As a contrast, the thermite was prepared by physical mixing at the equivalence ratio of 0.5, 1, 2, respectively. The intermediates and samples as prepared were characterized by SEM and XRD. The exothermic properties of the two samples prepared at different equivalence ratios were tested and the reaction products were characterized by XRD. The SEM results show that the sample prepared by the sol-gel method demonstrates a micron-sized agglomerated sphere formed by a mutual wrapping of Al NPs and CuO NPs, and the particles are evenly distributed in the agglomerate. In addition, when the content of Al powder is seriously insufficient, the heat release of the sample prepared by physical mixing is 1.6 times that of by sol-gel method. With the increase of Al powder content, the exothermic properties of Al/CuO NPs prepared by sol-gel method began to increase significantly compared with physical mixing and the difference is 1.5 times when the equivalence ratio increases to 2. It can be concluded that the reason for this result may be attributed to the different mass transfer modes of components due to the different morphologies of samples.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
化学工程
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
International Journal of Electrochemical Science
·
2023
·
IF 1.5
Miao He,Yuting Xie,Jie Ni,Yan Jian,Shaoyi Song,Hebin Bao,Xuzhong Zeng,Xueming Li,Qihui Wang
In this study, Al/CuO energetic materials with high exothermic properties were prepared by electrophoretic deposition of nano-Al and CuO microboxes on Ti sheets. The microstructure and phase composition of Al/CuO energetic materials were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). The electrophoretic deposition behavior of nano-Al and CuO microboxes were systematically investigated, and the electrophoretic deposition process was controlled by diffusion. The differential scanning calorimetry results showed that the maximum heat released by Al/CuO energetic material is 3049 J/g at an equivalent ratio of 3.0. The combustion properties of Al/CuO energetic materials were tested by optical fiber spectra. When the equivalence ratio was 2.25, the intensity of the spectra of Al/CuO energetic materials were the strongest and the lowest color temperature was 2916 K. This work provides a reference for the preparation of highly exothermic Al/CuO energetic materials by electrophoretic deposition.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
能源工程
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
FirePhysChem
·
2025
·
IF 3.6
Jianhua Hou,Dongmei Ren,Jiarong Duan,Xiaobao Liu,Yongqi Da,Jianbing Xu,Yinghua Ye
Aiming at the problem that the ignition ability of semiconductor bridge (SCB) is limited by the quality of bridge area, an energetic semiconductor bridge (ESCB) was prepared by 3D direct writing printing method. Using Al/CuO as the main component of the energetic ink and nitrocellulost (NC) as the binder, an energetic ignition bridge was successfully prepared by combining the energetic ink on the SCB surface. The electric detonation and ignition experiments of SCB and ESCB were carried out by means of capacitive discharge, and the gap ignition experiments proved that the ignition ability of SCB was successfully enhanced by energetic ink. In the electrical explosion experiment, under the excitation of 30 V capacitor discharge, the melting and vaporization time of ESCB bridge zone is longer than that of SCB, because the energetic film absorbs the heat generated by the bridge zone. Due to the bonding effect of NC, Al and CuO are more closely combined and the reaction is more complete, and the heat release of energetic ink is 1232 J/g. At 30 V/100 µF, the ESCB can ignite the B/KNO 3 charge at an 10 mm gap when the ink charge is 3 mg. The results demonstrate the strong ignition ability of ESCB, which has a good application prospect in the use of ignition and fire transmission sequences.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
电子工程
·
能源化学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
COMBUSTION AND FLAME
·
2021
·
IF 4.185
Kaiwen Shi,Xiaode Guo,Ling Chen,Shanshan Huang,Linlin Zhao,Jie Ji,Xiang Zhou
Metastable intermolecular composites (MICs), also called nanothermites, are attracting wide attention mainly due to the increased interfacial contact area of the fuels and oxidants therein. In this study, an alcohol-thermal technique is adopted to synthesize approximately core-shell structured Al@CuO MICs, in which process copper acetate is used as the precursor of CuO while Al powder with a wide size distribution (50 nm−5 µm in diameter) is used as cores. The energy-release characteristics of the materials are studied by performing thermal analysis, constant-volume combustion cell tests, and high-speed camera imaging of the combustion process . The results show that Al nanoparticles are surrounded by CuO nanoparticles that are with an average diameter of about 10 nm, while micron-sized Al particles are coated by a continuous layer of nanoplatelets that are assembled from CuO nanoparticles. Benefiting from the enhanced interfacial contact compared with that of ultrasonically mixed counterpart, Al@CuO shows a lower apparent activation energy of solid-state interfacial reaction, a higher light intensity, a shorter burning time, a larger pressure output, and a higher pressurization rate. It is also found that equivalent ratio has a great effect on the combustion process, and a slightly fuel-rich formulation is preferred in this study. The synthesis method developed in this study may also be adapted to the preparation of other core-shell structured MICs.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
化学工程
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
MATERIALS CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS
·
2017
·
IF 2.084
Yanjun Yin,Xueming Li,Yuanjie Shu,Xiaogang Guo,Hebin Bao,Wulin Li,Yuhua Zhu,Yu Li,Xinyue Huang
A novel porous Al/CuO nanothermite was successfully synthetized by utilizing the controllable electrophoretic deposition (EPD) method. The morphology and phase composition of the CuO and Al/CuO films were investigated in detail by field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). When the pH of the solution was 2.0, the surface area of the Al/CuO film was able to reach 495.6 m 2 /g, which was much higher than that of films grown at pH 1.0, 3.0 or 4.0. Meanwhile, the combustion performance and energy outputs were coincident with the results mentioned above. At pH 2.0, bright flames were observed after ignition, and the released heat of the nanothermite reaction reached 3.49 kJ/g, exhibiting excellent combustion performance and enhanced energy output.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
化学工程
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF MATERIALS ENGINEERING AND PERFORMANCE
·
2020
·Vol. 29
·期 2
·1375-1383
·
IF 1.652
Yin Yanjun,Li Xueming
In this work, an Al/CuO energetic film with a porous hollow structure was obtained by electrophoretic deposition (EPD) from an aqueous solution at low field strengths of 20 V cm −2 instead of from organic solvents. CuO porous hollow microspheres (PHMSs) were prepared by a one-step hydrothermal method. The shape of the CuO PHMSs was very uniform at the macroscale with a size of 5 μm. To codeposit the species during the EPD process, the nano-Al particles and CuO PHMSs were modified with acrylic acid and citric acid, respectively. The nano-Al particles were deposited on the surface or in the interior of the CuO PHMSs by an electrical field and formed Al/CuO PHMS composites. The chemical composition, morphology, heat release and combustion of the as-prepared composite coating films were analyzed by XRD, FESEM, FT-IR, EDS, TG-DSC and with a high-speed camera. The heat release of the Al/CuO porous thermite reached 3804 J/g with excellent combustion performance due to the novel microstructure and appropriate modifications.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
化学工程
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
VACUUM
·
2020
·
IF 2.906
Jiaxing Song,Tao Guo,Miao Yao,Jialin Chen,Wen Ding,Fengli Bei,Yiming Mao,Zhongshen Yu,Junyi Huang,Xiaonan Zhang,Qin Yin,Shuo Wang
The performance of energetic materials is mainly reflected in two aspects, thermal performance and combustion performance. To figure out the differences in reaction performance, in this paper, thermal and combustion properties of Al/CuO, Al/Fe 2 O 3 and Al/MnO 2 nanothermites were studied respectively by thermal analysis and fast heating wire experiments. According to the thermal analysis, the exothermic peak temperature points of Al/MnO 2 , Al/CuO, Al/Fe 2 O 3 nanothermites were 552.1 °C, 563.1 °C and 565.3 °C, respectively, while the sequence of activation energy calculated from low to high was Al/Fe 2 O 3 , Al/CuO, Al/MnO 2 nanothermites. By the way, the values of Al/CuO and Al/Fe 2 O 3 nanothermites showed little difference in temperature and activation energy. The ignition energy characterized by direct current had little difference among them, and the sequence from low to high was Al/MnO 2 , Al/Fe 2 O 3 , Al/CuO nanothermites, corresponding to 1.169 A, 1.214 A and 1.221 A, respectively. As for burning rate, Al/CuO burnt the fastest clearly while the Al/Fe 2 O 3 burnt the longest. In terms of combustion performance, Al/CuO and Al/MnO 2 were basically the same, with little splash of sparks, and the concentrations of combustion energy were better. The combustion phenomenon of Al/Fe 2 O 3 nanothermite was quite unique with a large number of scattered sparks and poor energy concentration. Finally, the intrinsic reasons for above different phenomena of these three nanothermites were analyzed and discussed.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
化学工程
·
燃烧科学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
COMBUSTION AND FLAME
·
2022
·
IF 5.767
Wen Ao,Zhan Wen,Lu Liu,Yang Wang,Yu Zhang,Peijin Liu,Zhao Qin,Larry K.B. Li
In this experimental study, we explore how the combustion and agglomeration characteristics of solid propellants can be modified by replacing aluminum with ternary Al/CuO/PVDF(Polyvinylidene Fluoride) metastable intermolecular composites (MICs). Using thermogravimetric−differential scanning calorimetry, a laser ignition setup, and a high-pressure propellant combustion system , we examine the thermal reactivity, ignition behavior, burning rate, agglomeration, and condensed combustion products of various MICs-inclusion propellants. We find that the use of ternary Al/CuO/PVDF MICs can decrease the onset temperature and increase the oxidation efficiency of Al, as compared with common binary MICs. The ratio of CuO/PVDF is found to have a strong effect on the combustion intensity of the metallic powders , but only a weak effect on their ignition delay . Higher proportion of PVDF is found to have a negative effect on the combustion rate. Specifically, the combustion intensity is found to decrease first and then increase as the PVDF content increases. The exothermic Al/CuO reaction is found to alter the heat transfer of the condensed layer on the propellant surface, while PVDF plays a critical role in the thermal feedback of the gaseous reaction. When combined, these two factors lead to a ± 30% variation in the propellant burning rate. Furthermore, ternary MICs are found to reduce agglomeration during propellant combustion. The two optimal formulations are 2.5 wt.% CuO/2.5 wt.% PVDF and 3.5 wt.% CuO/1.5 wt.% PVDF. The use of these formulations is found to decrease the mean particle size of the condensed combustion products to only 11 μm, as compared with 76 μm for the original Al-inclusion propellant. High-speed microscope images reveal the existence of crack phenomena in the pockets surrounding the AP particles on the burning surface due to the Al/CuO reaction, as well as the floccule breakup mechanism of Al aggregates in the presence of PVDF, both of which reduce agglomeration. Overall, this study shows that replacing Al with ternary Al/CuO/PVDF MICs has significant effects on the agglomeration, combustion and ignition features of aluminized propellants. The findings of this study can be used to aid the development of highly adjustable functional catalysts for solid propellants.
研究领域:
航空航天工程
·
推进系统
·
材料科学
·
燃烧化学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
ACTA MATERIALIA
·
2023
·
IF 9.4
Xudong Rong,Dongdong Zhao,Xiaofeng Chen,Xiang Zhang,Di Wan,Chunsheng Shi,Chunnian He,Naiqin Zhao
Dense intragranular distribution of nanoscale reinforcements is highly desirable since it is effective in reconciling the strength-ductility trade-off in Al matrix composites (AMCs). Herein, we report a systematic investigation on the work hardening and strain delocalization in Al-5 wt.% CuO (Al-5CuO) composite with strength-ductility synergy contributed by in-situ dense intragranular nanoscale Al 2 O 3 . Results reveal that Al-5CuO exhibits prominent hetero-deformation induced (HDI) strengthening as indicated by its larger HDI stress than effective stress. We showcase that the notable pile-ups of geometrically necessary dislocations (GNDs) at intragranular Al 2 O 3 result in the prevailing kinematic hardening. While the plastic relaxation dislocations (PRDs) around Al 2 O 3 generated by the release of GND-induced internal stress produce isotropic hardening. Both contribute to the pronounced work hardening of Al-5CuO. Comprehensive characterizations suggest the GND distribution with marked intragranular feature in Al-5CuO during straining, which implies the effective provoking of grain interior rather than grain boundary (GB)/interfacial zone to take plastic strain. On basis of the well-described storage and annihilation of GNDs and PRDs at the intragranular Al 2 O 3 , the microstructure-based strain-hardening model enables an in-depth understanding of the kinematic and isotropic hardening contributions by Al 2 O 3 in Al-5CuO. Systematic analysis further confirms the important roles of intragranular Al 2 O 3 in improving the strain partitioning, strain/stress transfer and strength matching across different domains of Al-5CuO, which significantly contributes to strain delocalization and hence strength-ductility synergy. This work sheds important insights on the innovative design of strong and ductile AMCs with intragranular nanoscale reinforcements for structural applications.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
机械工程
·
冶金学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
INDUSTRIAL & ENGINEERING CHEMISTRY RESEARCH
·
2019
·
IF 3.375
Bin Hu,Wenchao Zhang,Chunpei Yu,Zilong Zheng,Yajie Chen,Jiaxin Wang,Jingping Liu,Kefeng Ma,Wei Ren
The CuO micro/nanowires film has been prepared successfully on a Cu substrate using a combination of an electrochemical anodization and an annealing treatment. Its morphology and phase composition have been systemically examined. The vertically aligned CuO micro/nanowires can form a skeleton to facilitate the embedment of Al nanoparticles so that their interfacial contacts will expand significantly to increase the total energy release. The CuO micro/nanowires can be used to synthesize the Al/CuO composite thermite film using an electrophoretic deposition of Al nanoparticles. The thermal analyses reveal that the Al/CuO composite thermite film can release a heat output of 2009 J·g–1 at 10 min deposition. This work develops an effective protocol for the synthesis of the Al/CuO composite thermite film, which is highly compatible with microelectromechanical systems to realize functional energetic chips.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
能量存储与转换
·
纳米技术
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
危险品化学品经营许可证（带存储）