Insects
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2023
·Vol. 15
·期 1
·13
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IF 3
Xingming Lin,Xiangxin Cui,Jihong Tang,Jiawei Zhu,Jinhua Li
Simple SummaryBiological control is an important method for pest management. Natural enemies not only prey on pests directly but also release predation risk cues to pests, causing physiological and behavioral changes in them, reducing their fitness, and ultimately leading to a decrease in their population.Aphis gossypiiis an important insect pest of melon and many other crops worldwide. This study examined the predation risk effects ofMenochilus sexmaculatus, which is abundant in agricultural areas of southern China, onA. gossypii. The results showed that the presence ofM. sexmaculatussignificantly altered the host preference of the aphids. The longevity of the aphids was shortened, and the reproductive period and offspring production were decreased significantly after exposure toM. sexmaculatusfor 24 h. The enzyme activities of SOD and CAT were increased, and the content of MDA in aphids also showed an increase under the predation risk ofM. sexmaculatus. Through a combined GC-MS and behavioral response experiment, the results showed that alkane compounds may mediate the predation risk. The results will offer an alternative strategy for utilizing these alkanes as repellents to manage aphids.AbstractPredation risk posed by natural enemies can alter pest performance. In our previous study, we foundMenochilus sexmaculatusprovides risk cues to melon aphids, resulting in increased numbers of winged aphids. However, the effects of predation risk on multiple traits including behavior, physiology, growth rate, and reproductive capacity of pests are not clear. This study examined the effects of predation risk on host preference, the activities of two important defense enzymes (CAT and SOD), longevity, and offspring production. The Y-tube trial results showed that the risk ofM. sexmaculatussignificantly altered the host preference of the aphids, leading to avoidance behavior. When exposed toM. sexmaculatusfor a long period (24 h), the reproductive period and offspring production were significantly decreased, and adult longevity was significantly shortened. The defense enzyme activities of SOD and CAT, as well as the MDA content (which is considered a marker of oxidative stress and cellular damage) in the aphids, significantly increased underM. sexmaculatusrisk. The compounds ofM. sexmaculatusextracted with n-hexane and volatile compounds collected with HS-SPME were analyzed by GC-MS, and when combined with the behavior response experiment, the results showed that the alkane compoundsn-henicosane,n-docosane,n-tricosane,n-pentacosane, andn-hentriacontane may contribute to the impact of predation risk. The results will be helpful in the comprehensive evaluation of the ability of lady beetles to affect the aphid population, and provide new ideas for using these compounds in aphid control.Keywords:Menochilus sexmaculatus;Aphis gossypii;predation risk;host preference;defense enzyme activities;fitness
研究领域:
昆虫学
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害虫管理
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生物防治
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DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
PESTICIDE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY
·
2025
·
IF 4
Yan Sun,Tayyab Shaheen,Jiali Guo,Bingjie Shi,Miaohan Li,Xiaoyan Li,Yongqiang Li,Gunghui Tang
The cotton aphid, Aphis gossypii Glover, one of the most economically destructive pests, causes a significant threat to various crops and has evolved with varying levels of resistance to various types of chemical insecticides. Flonicamid, a novel systemic insecticide, is commonly employed to control sucking insect pests owing to its high efficacy and relatively non-hazardous nature. In this study, the A. gossypii population (F 40 ) exhibited a resistance ratio of 19.68 to flonicamid, with a realized heritability ( h 2 ) of 0.09. F 40 displayed a negative cross-resistance (CR) between flonicamid and several insecticides, such as pirimicarb, acetamiprid and thiamethoxam, while demonstrating minimal CR with lambda-cyhalothrin and bifenthrin. Analysis of the fitness characteristics indicates that the F 40 exhibits a relatively lower fitness of 0.83 and a reduced net reproductive rate when compared to the F 0 strain. The enzyme activity assays suggest that the F 40 strain has a significant increase in activities of cytochrome P450 monooxygenase (P450s) and UDP-glycosyltransferases (UGTs). Furthermore, the F 40 strain exhibits a higher nicotinamidase (NAMase) enzymes activity (1.48-fold) and a significant upregulation of the nicotinamidase gene ( Naam ) expression (2.92-fold) compared to the F 0 strain. Taken together, our results suggest that A. gossypii shows a low propensity for developing resistance to flonicamid and little cross-resistance to typical insecticides. The sustained efficacy of this insecticide could be achieved through strategic rotation or temporary cessation of its use in conjunction with other insecticides. The enhanced activity of P450s, UGTs and NAMase in the F 40 strain may co-contribute to the flonicamid resistance in A. gossypii .
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高影响因子
CHEMOSPHERE
·
2024
·
IF 8.1
Xiaohui Yan,Yongpan Shan,Yajie Ma,Yanqin Wang,Changcai Wu,Xiangliang Ren,Xianpeng Song,Dan Wang,Hongyan Hu,Xiaoyan Ma,Yan Ma
Nanotechnology aligns with the requirements of sustainable development of agriculture, and nano-pesticides offer a promising approach to controlling agricultural pests and increasing productivity. Non-target predators also play a crucial role in pest controls and enhancing the efficacy of pesticide on target organisms. Reducing the toxicity of pesticides to non-target organisms is key to of coordinating chemical control and biological control methods. Therefore, it is essential to assess the toxicity of nano-pesticides on non-target predators. In this study, a carbon dots-doped mesoporous silica nano-delivery system (Thi@CD-MSN) was successfully developed using CD-MSN as carrier material and thiacloprid (Thi) as a model pesticide. The results demonstrated that the synthesized Thi@CD-MSN exhibited a relatively high loading efficiency (33.58%). Laboratory bioassay experiments revealed that Thi@CD-MSN demonstrated effective insecticidal activity (LC 50 = 21.67 mg/L) in controlling Aphis gossypii Glover. Besides, the acute toxicity of Thi@CD-MSN on Chrysoperla pallens larvae was significantly lower than that of Thi, as was its toxicity to 4T1 cells. These findings suggest that CD-MSN can serve as an ecological safety carrier for pesticide delivery, improving the effective utilization of Thi while reducing the risks to non-target predators. These results are essential for comprehending the effects of nano-pesticides on non-target predators, providing informative data for implementing biological and chemical control strategies. It strengthens the safety evaluation of nano-pesticides.
研究领域:
农业科学
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纳米技术
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害虫管理
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毒理学
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PubMed
高影响因子
Frontiers in Plant Science
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2025
·
IF 4.8
Zhipeng Bian,Ying Zhang,Bing Liu,Tao Zhang,Haibin Yuan,Yanhui Lu
Introduction: The cotton aphid (Aphis gossypii Glover) is a major global agricultural pest that damages cotton and numerous other economically significant crops through feeding and virus transmission. It possesses high adaptability and rapid reproduction rates, contributing to widespread resistance to chemical insecticides and thereby reducing the effectiveness of such control methods. It should be noted that plants have developed advanced chemical defense mechanisms over long periods of synergistic evolution, allowing them to synthesize volatile compounds. These compounds not only defend against herbivorous insects but also crucially reduce the development of pest resistance. Consequently, this study strives to explore plant-emitted volatiles as a potential eco-friendly alternative for aphid management.Methods: In this study, we first tested the behavioral responses of A. gossypii to the volatile blends of fifteen native plant species in Xinjiang, China, using a Y-tube olfactometer and cage experiments. We identified six out of fifteen plant species that were repellent to A. gossypii. We then collected the volatile compounds of repellent plants using a headspace collection method and used gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) to identify the key components. The antennal responses of winged A. gossypii to the compounds were evaluated with an antennal potential test. Finally, further testing using a Y-tube olfactometer and Petri dish experiments.Results: We identified six out of fifteen plant species (i.e. Anethum graveolens L., Juglans regia L., Rhaponticum repens L., Karelinia caspia Pall., Launaea polydichotoma Ostenf., and Brassica rapa L.) that were repellent to A. gossypii. We collected the volatile compounds of these six repellent plants and identified thirty-one key components. Our electroantennogram (EAG) tests revealed that sixteen of the thirty-one compounds caused significant antennal responses in winged A. gossypii. Further testing using a Y-tube olfactometer and Petri dish experiments confirmed fourteen compounds that repelled intact, winged cotton aphids.Discussion: Our study report that the volatiles of four plant species – R. repens, K.caspia, L. polydichotoma, and B. rapa – present a significant repellent effect on winged cotton aphids, suggesting that these compounds might be useful for eco-friendly cotton aphid pest management. These results provide essential theoretical foundations and practical knowledge for the application of plantderived repellent volatiles.
研究领域:
昆虫学
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植物化学
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农业生态学
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DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE
·
2017
·Vol. 74
·期 1
·210-218
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IF 3.253
Delong Wang,Na Xie,Shandong Yi,Chuanyuan Liu,Hui Jiang,Zhiqing Ma,Juntao Feng,He Yan,Xing Zhang
BACKGROUND The cotton aphid ( Aphis gossypii Glover) is one of the most invasive pests of cotton. Many botanical phytochemicals have a long history as a source of insecticides, and as templates for new insecticides. This study was undertaken to isolate aphicidal compounds from the seeds of Erythrina crista-galli L. using the bioassay-guided isolation method. RESULTS Three novel and 11 known Erythrina alkaloids were isolated. Erysodine ( 9 ), erysovine ( 10 ), erysotrine ( 8 ) and erythraline ( 11 ) showed moderate to excellent aphicidal activity with LD 50 values of 7.48, 6.68, 5.13 and 4.67 ng aphid –1 , respectively. The Potter spray tower bioassay gave corresponding LC 50 values of 186.81, 165.35, 163.74 and 112.78 µg ml –1 . A unique substructure, which presents an sp 3 methylene at C-8, a non-oxygenated site at N-9 and a conjugated dienes group (Δ 1,2 and Δ 6,7 ), plays a crucial role in the aphicidal activity. Application of erythraline ( 11 ) led to different increases in the activities of superoxide dismutase, catalase and glutathione S -transferase. CONCLUSION The study demonstrated that the Erythrina alkaloids erysodine ( 9 ), erysovine ( 10 ), erysotrine ( 8 ) and erythraline ( 11 ) have potential use as botanical aphicides for commercial application, or as templates for the development of new insecticides. © 2017 Society of Chemical Industry
研究领域:
天然产物化学
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昆虫学
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农药科学
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植物化学
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农业植物学
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DOI
高影响因子
Horticulturae
·
2025
·Vol. 11
·期 5
·490
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IF 3
Jiawei Ma,Ye Tian,Xuli Liu,Shengyou Fang,Chong Sun,Junliang Yin,Yongxing Zhu,Yiqing Liu
Aphis gossypii Glover (Homoptera: Aphidinae), a major pest of Chinese pepper (Zanthoxylum bungeanum Maxim), causes significant agricultural damage. Ginger (Zingiber officinale Roscoe) has shown potential as a source for developing botanical pesticides due to its strong bacteriostatic and insecticidal properties; however, the underlying mechanisms remain poorly understood. This study evaluated the repellent activity of ginger shoot extract (GSE) across four solvent phases—petroleum ether, trichloromethane, ethyl acetate, and methanol—against A. gossypii. The results demonstrated that GSE exhibited significant repellent effects, with the methanol phase showing the most pronounced activity. Twelve fractions were chromatographically separated from the methanol phase, and electroantennography (EAG) analysis revealed that fraction 4 induced strong EAG responses in both winged and wingless aphids. Further identification of active compounds in fraction 4 by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS) indicated the presence of terpenes, aromatics, alkanes, esters, and phenols as major constituents. Subsequent EAG analysis identified several key compounds—octahydro-pentalene (C1), (Z)-cyclooctene (C2), dimethylstyrene (C3), tetramethyl-heptadecane (C5), tetrahydro-naphthalene (C6), and heptacosane (C9)—as responsible for eliciting EAG responses in both aphid forms. Additionally, results from Y-tube olfactometer assays showed that (Z)-cyclooctene and heptacosane were significantly attractive, while octahydro-pentalene acted as a strong repellent to both winged and wingless aphids. These findings offer valuable insights for the development of synthetic attractants and repellents for A. gossypii and provide a theoretical foundation for utilizing ginger in the creation of botanical pesticides targeting this pest.
研究领域:
昆虫学
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植物化学
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农业害虫防治
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DOI
高影响因子
Agriculture-Basel
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2025
·Vol. 16
·期 1
·83
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IF 3.6
Yunfei Zhang,Xinyi Hu,Junjie Yin,Jiabin Chen,Shujing Zhang,Fang Wang
Chinese wolfberry (Lycium barbarumL.), a specialty crop with ecological, medical, and economic value in Ningxia province of China, is subject to severe damage fromAphis gossypiiGlover. Currently,A. gossypiipopulations show extremely high-level resistance to beta-cypermethrin in the major wolfberry planting areas in Ningxia. The specific resistance mechanisms, however, are still not known. In this work, we collected a fieldA. gossypiistrain (HSP) from a wolfberry orchard in Ningxia in 2021 using a single-time sampling method, and its resistance to beta-cypermethrin was determined to be extremely high (994.74-fold) as compared with that of a susceptible strain (SS). Then we explored the potential resistance mechanisms from two aspects, namely, metabolic detoxification and target-site alterations. Bioassays of beta-cypermethrin with or without a synergist showed that piperonyl butoxide (PBO) significantly increased the toxicity of beta-cypermethrin (4.72-fold) to the HSP strain, while triphenyl phosphate (TPP) and diethyl maleate (DEM) exhibited no significant synergistic effects. Correspondingly, theO-demethylase activity of cytochrome P450s in the HSP strain was 1.68-fold higher than that in the susceptive strain (SS), whereas changes in carboxylesterases and glutathioneS-transferases activities were unremarkable. Also, fifteen upregulated P450 genes were identified by both RNA-Seq and qRT-PCR technologies, containing eleven CYP6 genes, three CYP4 genes, and one CYP380 gene. Especially, five CYP6 genes with high relative expression levels (>3.00-fold) were intensively expressed by beta-cypermethrin induction in the HSP aphids. These metabolism-related results indicate the key role of P450-mediated metabolic detoxification in HSP resistance to beta-cypermethrin. Sequencing of voltage-gated sodium channel (VGSC) genes identified a prevalent M918L mutation and a new G1012D mutation in HSPA. gossypii. Moreover, heterozygous 918 M/L and 918 M/L + G1012D mutations were the dominant genotypes with frequencies of 60.00% and 36.67% in the HSP population, respectively. Overall,VGSCmutations along with P450-mediated metabolic resistance contributed to the extremely high resistance of the HSP wolfberry aphids to beta-cypermethrin, providing support forA. gossypiicontrol and resistance management in the wolfberry planting areas of Ningxia using insecticides with different modes of action.
研究领域:
昆虫学
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杀虫剂抗性
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分子生物学
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植物保护
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毒理学
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农业科学
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高影响因子
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