Breaking senescence restriction: MAFK‑AREG axis promotes NSCLC cells to resist doxorubicin
Oncology Letters is an international journal devoted to Experimental and Clinical Oncology.
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Oncology Letters is an international journal devoted to Experimental and Clinical Oncology.
This study investigates the role of γδ T cells in wound healing facilitated by an EGCG (Epigallocatechin gallate)-releasing nanofibrous scaffold with aligned topography (APEMS). Incorporating core-shell microcapsules for sustained EGCG release over 11 days, the biocompatible scaffold enhances γδ T cell activity to promote advanced wound repair. In a splinted wound excisional model in 6-8 weeks-old male C57BL/6J mice, APEMS significantly improved re-epithelialization and wound closure compared to a control scaffold (APS). Single-cell RNA sequencing revealed a marked increase in γδ T cell in the APEMS group, where γδ T cells accounted for 66.2% of the T cell population, compared to 33.8% in the APS group. Cellchat analysis identified the AREG-EGFR signaling axis as pivotal to γδ T cell-mediated wound repair. APEMS-induced γδ T cells secreted amphiregulin (AREG), which acted on keratinocytes and fibroblasts to enhance keratinocyte proliferation, migration, and fibroblast-driven extracellular matrix remodeling. In immunodeficient mice lacking mature γδ T cells (TCRδ-/-), wound healing was significantly impaired, characterized by delayed re-epithelialization, reduced neo-dermal thickness, and increased inflammation. Inhibition of AREG and EGFR function via monoclonal antibodies against AREG and EGFR antagonist Gefitinib similarly delayed wound healing, the therapeutic advantage of APEMS over APS was abolished, emphasizing its critical role in the process. These findings provide a framework for developing advanced wound management materials and highlight the therapeutic potential of targeting γδ T cells and AREG-EGFR signaling to enhance tissue regeneration.
Ethnopharmacological relevance Crassostrea gigas Thunberg and other oysters have been traditionally used in China as folk remedies to invigorate the kidney and as natural aphrodisiacs to combat male impotence. Aim of the study Erectile dysfunction (ED) has become a major health problem for the global ageing population. The aim of this study is therefore to evaluate the effect of peptide-rich preparations from C. gigas oysters on ED and related conditions as increasing evidence suggests that peptides are important bioactive components of marine remedies and seafood. Materials and methods Crassostrea oyster peptide (COP) preparations COP1, COP2 and COP3 were obtained from C. gigas oysters by trypsin, papain or sequential trypsin-papain digestion, respectively. The contents of testosterone, cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) and nitric oxide (NO) and the activity of nitric oxide synthase (NOS) in mice and/or cells were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays. Real-time PCR was used to assess the expression of genes associated with sex hormone secretion pathways. The model animal Caenorhabditis elegans was also used to analyze the gene expression of a conserved steroidogenic enzyme. In silico analysis of constituent peptides was performed using bioinformatic tools based on public databases. Results The peptide-rich preparation COP3, in which >95% peptides were <3000 Da, was found to increase the contents of male mouse serum testosterone and cAMP, both of which are known to play important roles in erectile function, and to increase the activity of mouse penile NOS, which is closely associated with ED. Further investigation using mouse Leydig-derived TM3 cells demonstrates that COP3 was able to stimulate the production of testosterone as well as NO, a pivotal mediator of penile erection. Real-time PCR analysis reveals that COP3 up-regulated the expression of Areg and Acvr2b , the genes known to promote sex hormone secretion, but not Fst , a gene involved in suppressing follicle-stimulating hormone release. Furthermore, COP3 was also shown to up-regulate the expression of let-767 , a well-conserved C. elegans gene encoding a protein homologous to human 17-β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenases. Preliminary bioinformatic analysis using the peptide sequences in COP3 cryptome identified 19 prospective motifs, each of which occurred in more than 10 peptides. Conclusions In this paper, Crassostrea oyster peptides were prepared by enzymatic hydrolysis and were found for the first time to increase ED-associated biochemical as well as molecular biology parameters. These results may help to explain the ethnopharmacological use of oysters and provide an important insight into the potentials of oyster peptides in overcoming ED-related health issues.
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