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A systematic study on Au-PDA@Fe3O4 core-shell catalysts for enhanced catalytic reduction of 4-nitrophenol

Libo Sun,Qingtai Xie,Heshun Jing,Jindong Xie,Wenyu Tan,Baorong Duan,Xun Sun,Caixia Qi,Huijuan Su

The development of nanogold catalysts with high activity and high stability is of great significance for their industrial applications. In this paper, Au-PDA@Fe 3 O 4 catalysts were prepared through the gold sol adsorption method. First, micron-sized magnetic Fe 3 O 4 spheres were synthesized via a solvothermal method, serving as the core to endow the catalyst with excellent recyclability. Subsequently, a layer of polydopamine (PDA) shell was polymerized on the magnetic core surface. By controlling the timing of introducing the gold sol containing Au nanoparticles (NPs), the spatial position of Au NPs within the PDA layer was regulated, leading to a series of magnetic core-shell nano gold catalysts with varying spatial positions of Au. Using the 4-nitrophenol (4-NP) hydrogenation as the probe, the influence of Au spatial position, Au size, and other conditions on the catalytic performance was investigated. Results showed that, in the prepared Au-PDA@Fe 3 O 4 -16 catalyst, the Au NPs are encapsulated within the PDA shell and positioned close to the outer layer. This not only provides remarkable stability to the Au NPs but also maintains their proximity to the surface of the PDA shell, allowing easier access of the substrate 4-NP to the Au NPs and conferring good reactivity upon the catalyst. The strong electron metal-support interaction between PDA and Au enables PDA to effectively stabilize Au NPs. The prepared Au-PDA@Fe 3 O 4 -16 catalyst exhibits excellent stability, maintaining a high conversion rate of 91 % even after 14 cycles of use. Our findings not only deepen the understanding of the catalytic mechanisms involved but also pave the path towards the creation of highly efficient and robust gold-based catalysts, facilitating their widespread utilization in industrial applications.