The capture of formaldehyde (HCHO) is a crucial step in the HCHO purification system that requires an adjustable surface structure of adsorbent to enhance the HCHO adsorption ability. Carbon material, known to contain high surface area and structural tunability, provides an extremely valuable candidate to eliminate indoor HCHO pollutant. Herein, a novel electron acceptor–donor structure is constructed to the surface of nanoporous carbon based on the B, N doping theory. The mechanism of HCHO adsorption and activation on the surface of B, N co-doped nanoporous carbon (BNC) is systematically investigated by experimental tests that the B–N Lewis pair sites contribute a larger adsorption capacity than that of nitrogen-doping and non-doping samples. The present study gives an in-depth understanding about the contribution of the B–N Lewis pair for HCHO adsorption, and also corresponding positive impacts on the transformation into less toxic intermediate species of adsorbed HCHO at room temperature.
In this study, electron-deficient boron and electron-rich nitrogen are designed as the B/N Lewis pair to capture HCHO, and in next step the adsorbed HCHO is degraded into CO 2 and H 2 O (mineralization efficiency 97 %) via the Fenton-like O 2 activation and generation singlet oxygen ( 1 O 2 ), superoxide radicals (•O 2 − ) and hydroxyl radicals (•OH) derived from the interaction between palladium nanoparticles and oxygen molecules. Experimental data and theoretical calculations reveal the optimal path as follows: HCHO + OH* (•OH) → HCHOOH* → HCOOH + OH* (•OH) → CHO 2 * + O* ( 1 O 2 and •O 2 − ) → CO 2 , which correspond to the lowest energy barrier for elementary reaction. This study demonstrates a strong catalytic HCHO oxidation process and a new insights into exploiting synergetic palladium-modulated and B/N Lewis pair-functionalized flocculent carbon fibres for room-temperature HCHO decomposition.
Uranium (VI) contamination in water poses serious environmental and health risks. However, its photocatalytic reduction is often hindered by inefficient exciton dissociation in conventional donor-acceptor (D-A) covalent organic frameworks (COFs), originating from intrinsic symmetry-related limitations. The highly symmetric architectures of D-A COFs tend to induce dipole cancellation, thereby weakening the built-in electric field (IEF) required for efficient charge separation. Herein, we propose a dual-strategy design that incorporates highly polarized B ← N Lewis pairs into D-A COFs with deliberately reduced structural symmetry. This synergistic approach breaks inversion symmetry, establishes a strong macroscopic polarization, and promotes interlayer charge delocalization and orbital overlap. The resulting framework exhibits significantly reduced exciton binding energy ( E b ), improved visible-light absorption, and prolonged charge carrier lifetime. As the representative example, 2,3-COF-BF, constructed from low-symmetry monomers and post-synthetically planarized through B ← N Lewis pair coordination, demonstrates exceptional photocatalytic performance in U(VI) reduction. This study underscores the effectiveness of integrating symmetry breaking with dipole engineering for exciton manipulation, providing a promising molecular-level strategy for high-performance photocatalysis.
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