Preparation of C@CuNi/TiO2 with a local surface plasmon resonance for photocatalytic degradation of organic dyes and antibiotics under visible light irradiation
A composite photocatalyst with carbon-coated CuNi nanoparticles-loaded TiO 2 nanotubes (C@CuNi/TiO 2 ) was synthesized via a microwave hydrothermal alkali stripping method combined with subsequent in-situ carbothermal reduction. The structure, morphology, and surface chemical composition were investigated using X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The findings demonstrate that the microwave hydrothermal alkali peeling enables the formation of a three-dimensional C@CuNi/TiO 2 composite structure. The results of transient photocurrent response ( i - t ) and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy under visible light demonstrate that C@CuNi/TiO 2 exhibits a reduced rate of electron-hole recombination and lower surface resistance compared to C@TiO 2 , C@Cu/TiO 2 , and C@Ni/TiO 2 . After a two-hour exposure to visible light, the composite photocatalyst C@CuNi/TiO 2 , featuring a molar ratio of 2 % CuNi nanoparticles to TiO 2 nanotubes, exhibited remarkable degradation activity towards organic dyes (Rhodamine B (RhB), Methylene Blue (MB), Methyl Orange (MO)), as well as antibiotics (tetracycline (TC) and levofloxacin (LVFX)). After 5 cycles of photocatalytic reaction, the photodegradation activity of RhB remained above 79 %. It is indicated that CuNi nanoparticles effectively trap and enrich photoelectrons through the photoexcitation of TiO 2 nanotubes. Additionally, the local surface plasmonic resonance (LSPR) effect of CuNi nanoparticles reduces the recombination rate of photogenerated electron/hole and the electron transport resistance in the composite photocatalyst, thereby enhancing its overall photocatalytic activity.
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