GENE
·
2015
·
IF 2.138
Ping Chen,Jiying Wang,Haiyin Li,Yan Li,Peng Chen,Tian Li,Xi Chen,Junjie Xiao,Liang Zhang
In insects, pigment patterns are formed by melanin, ommochromes, and pteridines. Here, the effects of pteridine synthesis on melanin formation were studied using 4th instar larvae of a wild-type silkworm strain, dazao ( Bombyx mori ), with normal color and markings. Results from injected larvae and in vitro integument culture indicated that decreased activity of guanosine triphosphate cyclohydrolase I (GTP-CH I, a rate-limiting enzyme for pteridine synthesis), lowers BH4 (6R- l -erythro-5,6,7,8-tetrahydrobiopterin, a production correlated with GTP-CH I activity) levels and eliminates markings and coloration. The conversion of phenylalanine and tyrosine to melanin was prevented when GTP-CH I was inhibited. When BH4 was added, phenylalanine was converted to tyrosine , and the tyrosine concentration increased. Tyrosine was then converted to melanin to create normal markings and coloration. Decreasing GTP-CH I activity did not affect L-DOPA (3,4- l -dihydroxyphenylalanine). GTP-CH I affected melanin synthesis by generating the BH4 used in two key reaction steps: (1) conversion of phenylalanine to tyrosine by PAH (phenylalanine hydroxylase) and (2) conversion of tyrosine to L-DOPA by TH (tyrosine hydroxylase). Expression profiles of BmGTPCH Ia , BmGTPCH Ib , BmTH , and BmPAH in the integument were consistent with the current findings.
研究领域:
昆虫学
·
生物化学
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
COLLOIDS AND SURFACES A-PHYSICOCHEMICAL AND ENGINEERING ASPECTS
·
2024
·
IF 4.9
Wenjie Zou,Bo Rao,Ruijing Xu,Ting Xiao,Wei Zhao,Zhijun Zhang,Jun Huang
In this work, the adsorption performance of a novel chitosan-based flocculant (Chi-g-CPAM) and a cationic flocculant (CPAM) onto the kaolinite surface as well as the interaction mechanisms have been investigated by settling tests, atomic force microscopy (AFM) and quartz crystal microbalance with dissipation (QCM-D). When the KCl concentration of the solution altered from 1 mM to 100 mM, the settling rate of kaolinite suspension using CPAM deteriorated from 2.73 m/h to 1.97 m/h. However, the Chi-g-CPAM exhibited salt resistance as the settling rate changed slightly from 2.34 m/h to 2.44 m/h. From the QCM-D results, the Δ f of CPAM onto silica sensor changed from − 3.6 Hz to − 33.6 Hz and -Δ D /Δ f × 10 6 increased from 0.167 to 0.223, confirming that the CPAM layer adsorbed on the silica surface was thicker and more dissipative in 100 mM KCl solution. Meanwhile, the Δ f of Chi-g-CPAM onto silica sensor changed from − 14.3 Hz to − 33.9 Hz. The conformation of Chi-g-CPAM layer changed slightly as the -Δ D /Δ f × 10 6 increased from 0.174 to 0.186. From the AFM measurements in 1 mM and 100 mM KCl solution, the distance of adhesion forces between the silica probe and CPAM expanded from approximately 20 nm to around 50 nm, and the adhesion force changed from 1.9 nN± 0.1 nN to 21.3 nN± 0.1 nN. The interaction forces with a long range (∼100 nm) maintained at about 3 nN between the silica probe and Chi-g-CPAM. Such difference was mainly attributed to the steric hindrance effect originating from the shorter molecular chain of Chi-g-CPAM. In 100 mM KCl solution, the CPAM molecules with long chains had a more coiled conformation than Chi-g-CPAM, which resulted a train-like flat adsorption conformation and larger adhesion, and formed a loose and thick polymer layer of CPAM in high salinity. The insights into the flocculating performance in varying salinity solutions of CPAM and Chi-g-CPAM will contribute to the molecular design of chitosan-based flocculants for efficient wastewater treatment .
研究领域:
环境科学
·
材料科学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
Acupuncture and Herbal Medicine
·
2024
·Vol. 4
·期 4
·487
·
IF 0
Wang Zhiyun,Shang Haihua,Gou Wenfeng,Xu Feifei,Hou Yue,Liu Gaiting,Ren Zhonghao,Li Yiliang,Tian Yuhua,Li Wei,Wang Yuefei,Hou Wenbin
Objective: Camellia nitidissima Chi, a Chinese medicine commonly used by ethnic minorities in Guangxi, China, is beneficial for clearing heat, detoxifying, inducing diuresis, and suppressing swelling. It has various pharmacological properties, including antitumor, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant. However, its potential application in radioprotection remains unclear. In this study, we aimed to determine whether Camellia nitidissima Chi has radioprotective effects against radiation-induced gastrointestinal and hematopoietic damage. Methods: The 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) free radical and 2,2’-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS) techniques were used to assess the ability of Camellia nitidissima Chi to scavenge free radicals. We conducted a 30-day survival rate experiment to evaluate the radioprotective capabilities of Camellia nitidissima Chi. Additionally, we developed models of radiation-induced intestinal and hematopoietic damage. Alterations in the white blood cell (WBC) count, total superoxide dismutase (T-SOD), glutathione (GSH), and protein expression linked to apoptosis were observed. Results: Camellia nitidissima Chi scavenged 84.72% and 93.47% of DPPH and ABTS, had a certain radiation protection potential, and increased the survival rate of mice to over 90%. Moreover, following exposure, Camellia nitidissima Chi enhanced WBC, T-SOD, and GSH levels. Camellia nitidissima Chi increased B-cell lymphoma-extra large (BCL-XL) expression and suppressed Bcl-2 associated X protein (BAX) expression, providing radioprotection to cells. Conclusions: Camellia nitidissima Chi has a strong antioxidant ability; it can improve the survival rate of mice after lethal dose irradiation and protect against radiation-induced hematopoietic and gastrointestinal damage. These findings can serve as a guide for using Chinese medicines for radioprotection.
研究领域:
药理学
·
放射医学
·
民族医药
·
生物学
✓ 已验证
DOI
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
·
2021
·
IF 7.963
Ruijing Xu,Wenjie Zou,Ting Wang,Jun Huang,Zhijun Zhang,Chengyan Xu
Flocculation has been widely employed in treatment of mineral tailings and water management. In this study, a chitosan- graft -poly(acrylamide-dimethyl diallyl ammonium chloride) (Chi-g-P(AM-DMDAAC)) was synthesized in-house. The adsorption and interaction mechanisms of Chi-g-P(AM-DMDAAC) and an anionic polyacrylamide (APAM) in a two-step flocculation process of kaolinite were explored using settlement tests, zeta potential measurement, quartz crystal micro-balance with dissipation (QCM-D) and atomic force microscopy (AFM) technique. The type of primary flocculant was critical for the two-step flocculation process. The treatment of the kaolinite suspension using 1 mg/L of Chi-g-P(AM-DMDAAC) followed by adding 2 mg/L of APAM displayed more efficient flocculation performance. QCM-D results showed that three dissipative layers were assembled on model kaolinite surface after sequentially injecting 3.5 mg/L of Chi-g-P(AM-DMDAAC), 0.05 wt% kaolinite suspension and 2.5 mg/L of APAM. The above total adsorption amount (Δ f of −64.9 Hz) was much higher than that of using the two flocculants in reverse order (Δ f of −23.1 Hz). This result indicated that the adsorption layer of the positively charged Chi-g-P(AM-DMDAAC) on kaolinite surface provided active adsorption sites for APAM. Further AFM measurement confirmed that the average adhesion between the silicon tip adsorbed Chi-g-P(AM-DMDAAC) and model kaolinite surface in 2.5 mg/L APAM solution increased from 0.25 ± 0.1 nN to 4.2 ± 0.3 nN with the effective interaction range of 700 nm, which was stronger than that measured between a bare silicon tip and silica substrate in single-component-flocculant solutions. The highly efficient two-step flocculation process could be ascribed to the strong electrostatic attraction between the kaolinite and the oppositely charged Chi-g-P(AM-DMDAAC) and APAM. Findings in this study will benefit the development of environmentally friendly flocculant for mineral tailings and water treatment .
研究领域:
环境科学
·
材料科学
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产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FOOD SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
·
2023
·Vol. 58
·期 8
·4155-4170
·
IF 3.3
Yongtao Fei,Yuliang Wang,Zhichao Zhang,Jinglong Liang,Wenhong Zhao,Weidong Bai,Songgui He,Youqiang Liu
Summary The mechanised starter-making has been widely applied to the brewing of Baijiu. However, the effect of mechanical production on microbial flora and volatile flavour compounds of Chi-Flavour Baijiu was still unknown. This study was to investigate the differences in microbial flora and volatile flavours between the traditional starter Baijiu (BQ) and Round-Koji-Maker Starter Baijiu (SQ) during brewing. The results showed that the contents of alcohol, total acidity and organic acid in BQ were significantly higher than those in SQ at the end of fermentation ( P < 0.05). The dominant bacterial and fungal genera in SQ and BQ were Lactobacillus and Saccharomyces , respectively. The relative content of Pediococcus and Weissella in BQ was significantly higher than those in SQ in the prophase of fermentation. In respect of volatile flavours, there were 117 kinds of volatile flavours detected in SQ, higher than 90 kinds of those in BQ during the fermentation. The characteristic volatile flavours of Chi-Flavour Baijiu were all detected with no significant difference between BQ and SQ, and the difference in flavours mainly came from 2-methoxy-4-methylphenol, ethyl decanoate, (E)-hept-2-enal. Lactobacillus was significantly positively correlated with ethyl decanoate and ethyl benzoate in BQ and phenethyl acetate in SQ. In addition, Candida had a strong positive correlation with β-phenylethanol and ethyl myristicate in BQ and SQ. This study provides an in-depth analysis of the difference between traditional and mechanical Xiaoqu starters in Baijiu fermentation and theoretical guidance for the standard production and quality improvement of Chi-Flavour Baijiu.
研究领域:
发酵工程
·
食品科学
·
微生物学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
Nanotechnology Reviews
·
2021
·Vol. 10
·期 1
·870-882
·
IF 7.848
Qiuyang Zhang,Li Zhang,Minhui Yang,Qingxiang Hong,Zhongmei Yang,Sen Liu,Qingping Xiong,Changjiang Pan
As biodegradable orthopedic implant materials, magnesium alloys have been attracted enough attentions recently. However, too fast degradation in vivo , limited biocompatibilities, and insufficient antibacterial properties are three main challenges at present. In order to solve these problems, a multifunctional composite coating of Chi(Zn/BMP2)/HA was constructed on AZ31B magnesium alloy surface, successively by the alkali heating treatment, self-assembly of 16-phosphonyl-hexadecanoic acid, in situ immobilization of Chi(Zn/BMP2) (chitosan, zinc ions, and bone morphogenetic protein 2), and the deposition of HA (hydroxyapatite). The results of ATR-FTIR (attenuated total reflection Fourier transform infrared spectrum) spectra and elemental compositions confirmed that 16-phosphonyl-hexadecanoic acid, Chi(Zn/BMP2), and HA were successfully immobilized on the surface. Compared with Mg, Mg-OH, Mg-16, and Mg-Chi(Zn/BMP2), Mg-Chi(Zn/BMP2)/HA with the concave–convex structure surface significantly enhanced the hydrophilicity and corrosion resistance. On the other hand, Mg-Chi(Zn/BMP2)/HA coating also showed excellent biocompatibilities, which not only significantly promoted the osteoblast adhesion and proliferation, but also upregulated ALP and OCN expression of osteoblasts. Furthermore, due to the synergistic antibacterial effect of zinc ions and chitosan, Mg-Chi(Zn/BMP2)/HA showed a good antibacterial property against Escherichia coli ( E. coli ). Therefore, it can be said that the method used in this work has a good application prospect in improving the corrosion resistance, biocompatibility of magnesium alloys, and inhibiting infections against E. coli .
研究领域:
材料科学
·
生物医学工程
·
表面工程
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
INFLAMMOPHARMACOLOGY
·
2025
·
IF 5.3
Li Lirong,Huang Rui,Li Wenwen,Yao Dengjie,Zhang Beibei,Li Mengna,Luo Shunan,Qin Yu,Zhang Wenwen
Camellia nitidissima Chi (CNC), whose main composition was gallic acid, catechin, procyanidin-gallate, apigenin-pentosyl-glucoside, vitexin, cyanidin-3-o-glucoside, myricitrin-glucoside, gallocatechin-gallate, epicatechin and rutin, posses sound anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects. This study aimed to explore the protective effects and mechanisms of the alcoholic extract of CNC on dextran sulfate sodium-induced ulcerative colitis. CNC effectively maintained weight and colon length, and significantly ameliorated colonic histopathological damage. Furthermore, CNC mitigated colitis-induced oxidative stress and exhibited anti-inflammatory properties in UC mice by reducing levels of myeloperoxidase (MPO) and malondialdehyde (MDA), decreasing the production of nitric oxide (NO), prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), interleukin-1β (IL-1β), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α). In addition, CNC downregulated the protein expression levels of TLR4, p-NF-κBP65, and p-IκBα of the inflammation-related TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathways. Validation of the molecular docking results also revealed that rutin, the most abundant compound in CNC, interacts with TLR4 and NF-κB protein mainly through hydrogen bonds. CNC also promoted the proliferation of Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium while reducing the number of Enterococcus , E. coli , Bacteroides, and Peptococcus in mice to improve the intestinal environment and alleviate colitis. CNC inhibited TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathways to relieve inflammation and oxidative damage on UC, is a potential development of natural medicine for UC.
研究领域:
药理学
·
免疫学
·
消化病学
✓ 已验证
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF NANOSCIENCE AND NANOTECHNOLOGY
·
2016
·Vol. 16
·期 4
·3628-3631
·
IF 1.338
Yu Shiyong,Gao Xuechuan,Zhang Renfei,Li Zhao,Tan Zhibing,Su Haiquan
This paper described the controlled synthesis and release properties of a new kind of multifunctional drug-release system which was prepared by encapsulation of zirconium bis-(monohydrogen orthophosphate) monohydrate (α-ZrP) with chitosan (CHI). As obtained the α-ZrP@CHI
nanocomposites were found to possess the structural features of both α-ZrP and CHI. The release properties of the α-ZrP@CHI nanocomposites were evaluated using Gentamicin sulfate as the model drug. And α-ZrP@CHI composites showed a prolonged drug release
time compared with α-ZrP, which can be attributed to the unique lamellar structure and the encapsulation with CHI. The controlled synthesis of α-ZrP@CHI nanocomposite thus provided a new opportunity for future development of delivery vehicles.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
药学
·
纳米技术
✓ 已验证
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE
·
2022
·Vol. 103
·期 4
·2014-2022
·
IF 4.125
Wenping Peng,Nan Wang,Shunmin Wang,Junzhen Wang,Zixiu Bian
BACKGROUND Tartary buckwheat is rich in flavonoids. The application of physical processing technology and exogenous materials treatment can effectively promote grain germination and the accumulation of bioactive secondary metabolites. The content of four flavonoids, the activities of key enzymes (phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL), chalcone isomerase (CHI), flavonol synthase (FLS)) and the expression of key enzyme genes ( FtPAL , FtCHI , FtFLS1 , FtFLS2 ) in Tartary buckwheat sprouts treated with microwave and l -phenylalanine ( l -Phe) were investigated, and the relationship between them was analyzed to explore the mechanism of promoting flavonoid accumulation, and to provide a theoretical basis for the development of functional Tartary buckwheat sprout food. RESULTS Germination can promote the synthesis of flavonoids. The contents of chlorogenic acid and rutin in 7-day sprouts increased by 13 420.63% and 225.12% compared with seeds, respectively. Under the best treatment condition T 3 (microwave 250 W, 90 s, 2.9 mmol L −1 L-Phe), the specific activities of PAL, CHI and FLS in 5-day-old sprouts increased by 47.84%, 53.04% and 28.02% compared with control check (CK), respectively; and the expression of FtPAL , FtCHI and FtFlS1 increased by 39.84%, 24.78% and 33.72% compared with CK, respectively. Correlation analysis showed that the content of flavonoids in Tartary buckwheat sprouts was significantly positively correlated with the specific activities of key enzymes ( P < 0.01) and dynamically correlated with genes related to the synthesis of three enzymes. CONCLUSION It suggested that microwave and l -Phe treatment may promote the synthesis of flavonoids by promoting the expression of key enzymes genes in phenylpropane metabolism and controlling the activity of key enzymes in phenylpropane metabolism. © 2022 Society of Chemical Industry.
研究领域:
食品科学
·
植物生理学
·
生物化学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
Applied Sciences-Basel
·
2024
·Vol. 14
·期 20
·9326
·
IF 2.5
Renjie Zhang,Xi Hu,You Luo,Siqin Zheng,Zhenqiang Wu
The production of Chi-aroma Baijiu generates free radicals, which may pose potential health risks. This study aimed to scavenge free radicals in Chi-aroma Baijiu and assess the impact on the composition of volatile compounds (VOCs) by using distillers’ grains-derived homologous peptides. Five peptides—Pro-Ala (PA), Pro-Val (PV), Gly-Leu (GL), Asp-Phe (DF), and Pro-Leu (PL)—were isolated from the distillers’ grain filtrate. These peptides are present in trace amounts in Chi-aroma Baijiu. By supplementing five peptides to Chi-aroma Baijiu, they could completely scavenge hydroxyl radicals. The rate of scavenging alkoxy radicals ranged from 10.84% to 35.66%. Furthermore, these peptides had an impact on ethyl nonanoate, diethyl acetal, and octanal, which were recognized as characteristic compounds. Ultraviolet spectroscopy simulation revealed that the highest absorption peaks of certain peptides shift when they interact with various esters. Those peptides interact with ethyl acetate and ethyl lactate via hydrogen bonding and Van der Waals forces, demonstrating their influence on VOCs. These findings offer new insights into free radical scavenging, flavor compound regulation, and the valorization of Baijiu by-products in Chi-aroma Baijiu production.
研究领域:
食品科学
·
饮料技术
·
化学
·
药学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
International Journal of Minerals Metallurgy and Materials
·
2023
·Vol. 30
·期 5
·813-823
·
IF 4.8
Xu Ruijing,Zou Wenjie,Rao Bo,Zhao Wei,Wang Ting,Zhang Zhijun
This study presents a comparative study of the flocculation behavior of kaolinite induced by chitosan-graft-poly(acrylamide-dimethyl diallyl ammonium chloride) (Chi-g-CPAM) and a commercial cationic polyacrylamide (CPAM). The flocculation behaviour was characterised in terms of both flocculation kinetics and the corresponding morphology changes during flocculation. Both Chi-g-CPAM and CPAM were grafted from silica wafers by means of atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP). The quartz crystal microbalance with dissipation (QCM-D) tests were conducted. The equilibrium time flocculated by Chi-g-CPAM was found to be 0.46 times as that of CPAM, together with a larger total mass of kaolinite layer. The flocculation behaviour by Chi-g-CPAM can be well captured by a pseudo-first-order model. In contrast, the presence of CPAM leads to a more complex kinetics. A relatively larger fitting slope (0.4663) was obtained at the initial stage but the fitting slope droped to 0.2026 after 800 min, indicating a densification process caused by CPAM. The flocculation kinetics of CPAM can be captured by the Elovich model for the inital stage but the combination of pseudo-first-order and pseudo-second-order models for the latter stages, which can be attributed to the long chain of CPAM. With a dosage of 75 g/t, the settling test with Chi-g-CPAM exhibits the same turbidity in the supernatant but a smaller layer thickness of the settlement compared to CPAM. The study enables a better understanding of the flocculation behavior and contributes to the development of efficient flocculants in mineral processing and tailings treatment.
研究领域:
矿物加工
·
材料科学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
SCIENTIA HORTICULTURAE
·
2026
·
IF 4.6
Rui-Ping Feng,Han-Li Liu,Mao-Song Pei,Rui-Min Hu,Charles Ampomah-Dwamena,Xin-Jie Yang,Yun-Lu Song,Ding-Ding Zuo,Guo-Hao Wang,Tong-Lu Wei,Da-Long Guo,Hai-Nan Liu
CHI-Phe-Arg coating maintains the postharvest quality of ‘Kyoho’ grape berries. • Transcriptomics reveals VviNAC25/83 as key regulators of postharvest quality. • CHI-Phe-Arg regulates VviCESA5 via the VviNAC25/83 complex to delay fruit softening. Table grapes ( Vitis vinifera L.) are highly susceptible to postharvest softening and decay. This study investigated the preservative effects and molecular mechanisms of a composite coating consisting of chitosan (CHI) combined with phenylalanine (Phe) and arginine (Arg), designated as CHI-Phe-Arg, on ‘Kyoho’ table grapes. This composite coating significantly suppressed postharvest decay, berry abscission, and weight loss, inhibited the activities of cell wall-degrading enzymes (PG and Cx), and delayed fruit softening. To elucidate its molecular mechanism, transcriptome sequencing was performed on grape berries at 3 d, 6 d, and 9 d post-treatment. Transcriptome analysis identified two significantly upregulated NAC transcription factors, VviNAC25 and VviNAC83, as well as the cellulose synthase gene VviCESA5 . Promoter analysis revealed the presence of NAC-binding sites (CATGTG/CGTA/TACG/CGTG) in the VviCESA5 promoter. Dual-luciferase and yeast one-hybrid assays confirmed that VviNAC25 and VviNAC83 directly bind to and activate the transcription of VviCESA5 , exhibiting a synergistic effect. Luciferase complementation imaging (LCI) and bimolecular fluorescence complementation (BiFC) assays further confirmed the interaction between VviNAC25 and VviNAC83, supporting their formation of a transcription factor complex. Transient overexpression assays further demonstrated that co-expression of VviNAC25 and VviNAC83 significantly enhanced the expression of VviCESA5 . In conclusion, the CHI-Phe-Arg composite coating delays grape softening by activating the VviNAC25/VviNAC83- VviCESA5 transcriptional module, providing a theoretical basis for developing chitosan-amino acid composite coating technologies for grape preservation. Download: Download high-res image (191KB) Download: Download full-size image
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
危险品化学品经营许可证（带存储）