Metallic Pd is widely recognized as an efficient electrocatalyst for the formic acid oxidation reaction (FAOR), which unfortunately suffers from poor durability owing to Pd dissolution and CO poisoning. The present work describes an effective method to enhance Pd durability by alloying with Cu and Au. Cu could provide surface OH at low potentials to remove poisonous CO for improved CO resistance. Au, the most inert metal, was added to reduce Pd and Cu dissolution. Moreover, alloying with Cu and Au could also modulate the electronic structure of Pd which is just profitable for the FAOR. The constructed PdCuAu with a nanoporous structure exhibits a specific activity of 14.9 mA cm–2 and a Pd mass activity of 6012 A g–1, which is ∼15 times and ∼14 times higher than those of commercial Pd/C. While these two electrocatalysts were used as fuel cell anodes, the maximum power density of the PdCuAu anode (Pd loading 10 μg cm–2) is 93.2 mW cm–2 and the value of the Pd/C anode (Pd loading 1.2 mg cm–2) is 60.3 mW cm–2. The power efficiency of Pd has been notably increased by 185 times in this home-made nanoporous PdCuAu ternary alloy electrocatalyst.
Yi Liu,Lianrui Cheng,Shuqing Zhou,Chenggong Niu,Tayirjan Taylor Isimjan,Xiulin Yang
Exploiting a cost-effective electrocatalyst for hydrogen oxidation reaction (HOR) with high-performance and CO poisoning resistance is essential for the widespread application of alkaline anion exchange membrane fuel cells (AEMFCs). Herein, we craft a unique Ru-RuP 2 heterostructure within hollow mesoporous carbon sphere (Ru-RuP 2 @C) using phosphide-controlled phase-transition approach. Benefiting from the interfacial electron transfer from RuP 2 to Ru, the Ru-RuP 2 @C electrocatalyst exhibits impressive HOR performance with a mass activity of 2.87 mA μ g Ru − 1 . Notably, Ru-RuP 2 @C demonstrates strong tolerance to 1000 ppm CO, a capability lacking in PtRu/C and Pt/C. When serves as an anode catalyst for AEMFC, it achieves a peak power density of 521 mW cm −2 , comparable to Pt/C. Experimental and theoretical analyses reveal that the built-in electric field, resulting from work function differences, creates an asymmetric charge distribution that modulates the d -band center of Ru-RuP 2 @C. This optimizes the adsorption strength of hydrogen and hydroxide intermediates, thereby accelerating HOR catalytic kinetics.
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