Min-Hua Cui,Dan Cui,Lei Gao,Hao-Yi Cheng,Ai-Jie Wang
A continuous stirred tank reactor with built-in bioelectrochemical system (CSTR-BES) was developed for azo dye Alizarin Yellow R (AYR) containing wastewater treatment. The decolorization efficiency (DE) of the CSTR-BES was 97.04 ± 0.06% for 7 h with sludge concentration of 3000 mg/L and initial AYR concentration of 100 mg/L, which was superior to that of the sole CSTR mode (open circuit: 54.87 ± 4.34%) and the sole BES mode (without sludge addition: 91.37 ± 0.44%). The effects of sludge concentration and sodium acetate (NaAc) concentration on azo dye decolorization were investigated. The highest DE of CSTR-BES for 4 h was 87.66 ± 2.93% with sludge concentration of 12,000 mg/L, NaAc concentration of 2000 mg/L and initial AYR concentration of 100 mg/L. The results in this study indicated that CSTR-BES could be a practical strategy for upgrading conventional anaerobic facilities against refractory wastewater treatment.
Joseph Dean,Natalia Buckler Reinoso,Francesco Spiedo,Carola Romero Fernández,Bhaven Patel
Flow chemistry has shown significant versatility over the last two decades, offering advantages in efficiency, scalability, and sustainability. In this study, the continuous stirred tank reactor (CSTR) was used to optimise the synthesis of α-hydroxyphosphonates via the Pudovik reaction and their subsequent conversion to phosphates through the phospha-Brook rearrangement. The study highlights that using CSTRs allows for better control over reaction parameters, leading to reduced reaction times and improved yields compared to traditional batch methods. The optimised conditions successfully facilitated a range of organophosphates, including electron-rich and electron-poor derivatives, with high efficiency. Additionally, a one-pot tandem process combining the Pudovik reaction and the phospha-Brook rearrangement was developed, reducing reaction times to two hours while maintaining comparable yields. This work demonstrates the potential of CSTRs in flow chemistry for synthesising complex organophosphorus compounds, achieving higher reaction yields and shorter reaction times, highlighting the effectiveness of continuous flow methodologies.
危险品化学品经营许可证（带存储）