MOLECULES
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2022
·Vol. 27
·期 24
·8881
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IF 4.927
Qiang Zhang,Lianxiang Lu,Yanfei Zheng,Chengrong Qin,Yuexin Chen,Zhongjie Zhou
The extraction, characterization and antioxidant activity of polysaccharides fromChoerospondias axillarisleaves were investigated in the present study. Two purified polysaccharide fractions, CALP-1 and CALP-2, were isolated from crudeChoerospondias axillarisleaf polysaccharides (CALP) by DEAE-52 cellulose chromatography and Sephadex G-100 column chromatography. The characteristics of CAL-1 and CALP-2 were determined by using High-performance Gel Permeation Chromatography (HPGPC), High-Performance Anion-Exchange Chromatography, HPAEC (HPAEC-PAD) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). CALP-1 with molecular weight of 11.20 KDa was comprised of Rhamnose, Arabinose, Galactose, Glucose, Xylose, Mannose and galacturonic acid in a molar ratio of 5.16:2.31:5.50:27.18:1.00:0.76:1.07. CAL-2 with molecular weight of 8.03 KDa consisted of Rhamnose, Arabinose, Galactose, Glucose, and galacturonic acid at a ratio of 1.38:3.63:18.84:8.28:1.45. FTIR revealed that CALP-1 and CALP-2 were acidic polysaccharides. The antioxidant activity of crude CALP, CALP-1 and CALP-2 was evaluated in vitro. The fraction CALP-2 was demonstrated to be of polysaccharide nature containing a large percentage of Galactose but no Xylose and Mannose. The antioxidant activity assays showed that CALP-1 and CALP-2 exhibited antioxidant and scavenging activities on hydroxyl and DPPH radicals in vitro. Compared with pure polysaccharide, crude CALP exhibited stronger anti-oxidant activities. These results will provide a better understanding ofChoerospondiasaxillaris leaf polysaccharide and promote the potential applications ofChoerospondiasaxillaris leaf polysaccharide in the pharmacological field and as a natural antioxidant.Keywords:polysaccharide;Choerospondias axillarisleaves;purification;characterization;antioxidant
研究领域:
植物化学
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药理学
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PubMed
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE
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2015
·Vol. 96
·期 7
·2462-2471
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IF 1.714
Qian Li,Jun Chen,Ti Li,Chengmei Liu,Wei Liu,Jiyan Liu
BACKGROUND Choerospondias axillaris is both an edible and medicinal fruit. It has a growing popularity and economic importance due to its nutritive value and medicinal effects, but comprehensive information on the chemical composition and bioactivity of its fruits is still lacking. Therefore the aim of this study was to investigate the antioxidant, antimicrobial and antiproliferative effects and chemical composition of peel polyphenolic (PP) and flesh polyphenolic (FP) extracts from C. axillaris . RESULTS The phenolics and flavonoids of peel were significantly higher than those of flesh. Ultra-performance liquid chromatography (UPLC) and ultra-performance liquid chromatography/electrospray ionization quadrupole time-of-flight-mass spectrometry (UPLC/ESI-QTOF-MS 2 ) analysis revealed that (+)-catechin and oligomeric procyanidins were the most abundant compounds in PP and FP. Both extracts exhibited strong ferric-reducing antioxidant power, total antioxidant activity and 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radical (DPPH • )-scavenging ability. PP showed a significantly higher antimicrobial effect against tested strains than that of FP, in a dose-dependent manner. Furthermore, both extracts inhibited the growth of HepG2 and Caco-2 cells in a dose- and time-dependent manner, with IC 50 values of 39.31 and 47.49 µg mL −1 to HepG2 cells and 101.90 and 102.61 µg mL −1 to Caco-2 cells respectively. CONCLUSION This is the first detailed report on the chemical composition and bioactivities of C. axillaris fruits. © 2015 Society of Chemical Industry
研究领域:
植物化学
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药理学
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食品科学
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PubMed
高影响因子
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL MACROMOLECULES
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2025
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IF 8.5
Jingjing Xie,Nansheng Wu,Dongming Li,Shiyi Xiong,Jinjiao Dong,Ruiling Wang,Guodong Zheng,Jingen Li
Iron deficiency anemia (IDA) is a prevalent nutritional deficiency problem. This study aimed to investigate the characteristics of Choerospondias axillaris polysaccharide-Fe (III) complex and its effect on IDA mice. CAP-Fe (III) complex was synthesized by co-thermal synthesis method with an iron content of 27.31 ± 0.97 %. The chelation of Fe 3+ reduced the crystallinity, increased the thermal stability and changed the morphological features of CAP, which was evidenced by XRD, TG, and SEM analysis. The probable existence of the β -FeOOH structure was supported by the characteristic absorption peaks in the FT-IR, XRD, and Mössbauer spectra. The CAP-Fe (III) complex showed a therapeutic effect on IDA mice, confirmed by improved erythroid parameters, iron levels, and oxidative stress. The results of gene expression levels determined by RT-qPCR demonstrated that the CAP-Fe (III) complex could regulate iron metabolism homeostasis, alleviate liver inflammation, and enhance intestinal barrier function. Furthermore, the dysbiosis of intestinal microbiota induced by IDA was effectively restored by CAP-Fe (III) complex, through enriching beneficial bacteria ( Firmicutes , Blautia , Oscillibacter , Colidextribacter ) and depleting harmful bacteria ( Actinobacteria , Proteobacteria , Parasutterella , Faecalibaculum , Escherichia-Shigella ). These findings suggested that CAP-Fe (III) may serve as a novel iron supplement for treating IDA.
研究领域:
营养学
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分子生物学
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药理学
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DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
Frontiers in Nutrition
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2022
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IF 6.59
Chi Miaomiao,Wang Hongsen,Yan Zhankuan,Cao Lei,Gao Xun,Qin Kunming
Inhibition of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) activity is an effective way for treatment of coronary heart disease. And as an important source of COX-2 inhibitors, bioactive compounds of Choerospondias axillaris and pharmacological mechanisms remained lacking in prospective researches. Therefore, for the purpose of accelerating the discovery of natural products targeting designed inhibitors, the COX-2 microreactor composed of functionalized microspheres and magnetic ligand fishing was developed and applied in Choerospondias axillaris, and the physicochemical properties of the COX-2 functionalized microspheres were characterized using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Furthermore, the bioactive compounds singled out from ethanol decoction without prepurification were dissociated and identified by ultraperformance liquid chromatography plus Q-Exactive Orbitrap tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-Q-Exactive Orbitrap-MS/MS). Consequently, 21 bioactive compounds consisting of 6 organic acids, 8 flavonoids, and 7 others were separated and characterized from Choerospondias axillaris, which were reported to participate in the COX-2 inhibitory pathway to varying degrees. Therefore, this method could provide a prospective solution for the extraction and identification of active pharmaceutical ingredients and the rapid screening of some enzyme inhibitors in the complex mixtures.
研究领域:
药理学
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生物化学
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天然产物研究
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PubMed
高影响因子
Food & Function
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2015
·Vol. 6
·期 12
·3693-3701
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IF 2.791
Qian Li,Jun Chen,Ti Li,Chengmei Liu,Yuxin Zhai,David Julian McClements,Jiyan Liu
Bioactive proanthocyanidins were isolated from the peel of Choerospondias axillaris fruit, which is a waste product of the food processing industry. Compositional analysis indicated that the proanthocyanidins had extension units mainly consisting of epicatechin gallate or epicatechin, and terminal units mainly consisting of catechin. Numerous polymeric forms of the molecules were detected, including monomers, dimers, and trimers. Certain fractions exhibited strong α-amylase or α-glucosidase inhibition in a dose-dependent manner. Furthermore, their inhibitory activities depended on their degree of polymerization and galloylation. For example, the most bioactive fraction had α-amylase and α-glucosidase inhibitory activities (IC50 values) of 541 and 3.1 μg mL−1, respectively. This study demonstrates that proanthocyanidins from C. axillaris peels can inhibit carbohydrate digestive enzymes in vitro and may therefore serve as antidiabetic ingredients in functional or medical foods.
研究领域:
食品科学
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植物化学
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药理学
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PubMed
高影响因子
BIOMEDICAL CHROMATOGRAPHY
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2024
·Vol. 38
·期 8
·e5931
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IF 1.8
Xu Ji,Liangxi Li,Kaiyue Zhang,Xinyi Yuan,Qian Li,Ge Bai
As a result of the lack of modern techniques, the study of Tibetan medicine has been hindered in identifying bioactive compounds. Herein, we established a chromatographic approach using an immobilized angiotensin II type 1 receptor (AT 1 R) via a one-step method triggered by haloalkane dehalogenase. The bioactive compounds from Choerospondias axillaris (Guangzao) were screened and identified using the immobilized AT 1 R followed by MS. Frontal analysis (FA) and adsorption energy distribution (AED) were used to evaluate the association constants. Molecular docking was used to investigate the binding configurations, and the surface efficiency index, binding efficiency index, and ligand-lipophilicity efficiency (LLE) were calculated to assess the drug-like properties. The results identified naringenin, pinocembrin, and chrysin as the compounds that specifically bind to AT 1 R in Guangzao. FA and AED confirmed that there is only one type of binding site between these compounds and AT 1 R. The association constants were (2.40 ± 0.02) × 10 4 M −1 for naringenin (5.22 ± 0.26) × 10 4 M −1 for pinocembrin, and (4.27 ± 0.14) × 10 4 M −1 for chrysin, respectively. These compounds can bind with AT 1 R through the orthosteric binding pocket. Naringenin exhibited better LLE than pinocembrin and chrysin. These results confirmed the feasibility of using the immobilized AT 1 R column for screening and analyzing bioactive compounds in Tibetan medicines.
研究领域:
药理学
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中药学
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分析化学
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PubMed
高影响因子
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL MACROMOLECULES
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2025
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IF 8.5
Shiyi Xiong,Jinjiao Dong,Wenjun Wang,Guodong Zheng,Nansheng Wu,Jingjing Xie,Ruiling Wang,Xiaojin He,Jingen Li
This study aimed to elucidate the structure of a polysaccharide from Choerospondias axillaris fruit (CAP) and to evaluate the immunomodulatory effect against cyclophosphamide (CTX)-induced immunosuppression mice. The solution of CAP exhibited non-Newtonian pseudoplastic fluid behavior. The backbone of CAP was defined as →2)- α -L-Rha p -(1 → 4)- α -D-Gal p A-(1 → 4)- α -D-Gal p A-(1 → [4)- α -D-Gal p A-(1] 5 →, with side chains attached at the O -4 and O -3 positions, demonstrating that CAP is a pectic polysaccharide with partial methyl esterification. Administration of CAP improved immune organ indices, reduced levels of inflammation cytokines, and diminished oxidative stress of the immunosuppression mice. Furthermore, CAP significantly promoted the expression of intestinal barrier proteins (Claudin-1, Occludin and ZO-1). Additionally, CAP markedly up-regulated the phosphorylation levels of ERK1/2, p38, IκBα and p65 in the colon tissue, suggesting that CAP might alleviate intestinal inflammation by modulating MAPK/NF-κB signaling pathway. Moreover, CAP could restore the abundance of probiotic species ( Lactobacillus and Bacteroides ), while decreasing pathogenic species ( Oscillospira and Helicobacter ). These findings underscore the substantial immunomodulatory potential of CAP.
研究领域:
食品科学
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免疫学
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分子生物学
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PubMed
高影响因子
BIOMEDICAL CHROMATOGRAPHY
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2025
·Vol. 39
·期 2
·e6060
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IF 1.7
Chen Wang,Xueying Qin,Ying Wang,Weiping Wang,Shuai Sun,Hongsen Wang,Shiyu Li,Xiao Dai,Xianhong Zhu,Xun Gao,Kunming Qin,Qing Zhang
Choerospondias axillaris is a medicinal plant used for treating coronary heart disease (CHD) due to its broad spectrum of anti-inflammatory activities. Cyclooxygenase 2 (COX-2) and lipoxygenase 5 (5-LOX) were immobilized on magnetic nanoparticles for selective ligand-extraction of these two enzymes present in C. axillaris . Sixteen extracted components were identified and analyzed using ultraperformance liquid chromatography plus Q-Exactive Orbitrap tandem mass spectrometry (UHPLC-Q-ExactiveOrbitrap-MS/MS), including flavonoids Curcumin and Epicatechin. The metabolization of the aforementioned 16 components in rats with acute blood stasis indicated a solid pharmacodynamic foundation. This method offers an effective approach for conducting basic research on the enrichment, analysis, and efficacy evaluation of active components in complex natural products.
研究领域:
药理学
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分析化学
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天然产物研究
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PubMed
高影响因子
FITOTERAPIA
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2025
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IF 2.6
Shiyu Li,Kai Xu,Shanpeng Ma,Xueying Qin,Li Jiang,Xiaohong Hou,Zibo Dong,Xun Gao,Lingling Huo
Currently, coronary heart disease (CHD) is prevalent worldwide, with its harmful impact second only to that of malignant tumors. A growing number of studies have confirmed that Choerospondias axillaris can significantly improve the therapeutic effect of CHD treatment and reduce the incidence of adverse reactions. However, its bioactive components and pharmacological mechanisms remain unclear. Based on a targeted fishing strategy, this study synthesized magnetic nanomaterials immobilized with 5-lipoxygenase (5-LOX) for screening and identifying 5-LOX inhibitors from the crude extract of Choerospondias axillaris . A total of 21 active components were identified and analyzed using ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-Q-Exactive Orbitrap tandem mass spectrometry (UHPLC-Q-Exactive Orbitrap-MS/MS). By comparing the screened active components with reported 5-LOX inhibitors, 9 novel 5-LOX inhibitors were discovered. Further molecular docking was performed on these 9 inhibitors, and the pharmacological activity of the selected ligands was verified using a 5-LOX inhibitor screening kit (fluorescence method).The compounds are ranked by activity from strongest to weakest: Lobetyolin (23.92 μM), Anhydroicaritin (29.55 μM), Narirutin(33.66 μM), Fisetin (47.28 μM) and Naringin(59.02 μM). This novel enzyme-immobilized targeted fishing technology is expected to efficiently and accurately screen bioactive components targeting different receptors from complex substrates.
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高影响因子
FOOD RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL
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2018
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IF 3.52
Qian Li,Chengmei Liu,Ti Li,David Julian McClements,Yinxin Fu,Jiyan Liu
Epidemiological studies had indicated that the incidence of colorectal cancer is inversely correlated to the consumption of proanthocyanidins (PAs). In this study, five PAs fractions isolated from Choerospondias axillaris fruit peels with different mean degree of polymerization (mDP) were characterized and their antiproliferative effects on Caco-2 cells were investigated. MALDI-TOF-MS results indicated that PAs fractions were composed of procyanidins with DP up to 13-mers. All PAs fractions induced dose and time-dependent reductions of Caco-2 cell viability. The IC 50 values of PAs fractions with increasing mDP were 240 ± 16.0, 143 ± 9.53, 87.0 ± 3.55, 44.3 ± 4.89, and 42.8 ± 2.20 μg/mL after 24 h incubation, respectively. The observed reduction in Caco-2 cell viability was due to apoptosis via the activation of caspase-9, caspase-3, caspase-8 and the elevation of intracellular ROS generation. Moreover, the extent of the reduction in cell viability after exposure to PAs fractions was positively correlated with their mDP and galloylation. These results indicate that Choerospondias axillaris peel is a potential source of natural chemopreventive agents for the treatment of colorectal cancer.
研究领域:
药理学
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肿瘤学
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植物科学
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生物化学
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DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
FOOD RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL
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2015
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IF 2.818
Qian Li,Jun Chen,Ti Li,Chengmei Liu,Xieyi Wang,Taotao Dai,David Julian McClements,Jiyan Liu
The influence of passage through a simulated gastrointestinal tract (GIT) on the stability and bioaccessibility of proanthocyanidins isolated from fruit ( Choerospondias axillaris ) peel was studied. In addition, the effects of the simulated GIT on the antioxidant and α-glucosidase inhibitory activities of proanthocyanidins extracts were evaluated. Gastric digestion had little effect on total polyphenol content (TPC) or mean degree of polymerization (mDP) of crude and purified extracts. However, intestinal digestion led to a significant decrease (about 26% and 19%) in TPC and (about 12% and 7%) in mDP for crude and purified extracts, respectively. The observed reduction in TPC and mDP levels was attributed to interactions of proanthocyanidins with pancreatic enzymes, rather than due to the chemical conditions during digestion. Only small flavan-3-ol molecules (monomers, dimers and trimers) could diffuse into the dialysis tubing used to simulate the intestinal wall. Changes in antioxidant activity during digestion were correlated to changes in TPC. After simulated GIT digestion, over 85% of α-glucosidase inhibitory activity of both extracts was preserved. These results indicate that the majority of the proanthocyanidins maintained their biological activities after passage through the simulated GIT, and were therefore still capable of providing valuable health benefits.
研究领域:
食品科学
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营养学
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植物化学
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DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
INDUSTRIAL CROPS AND PRODUCTS
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2026
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IF 6.4
Chuangxin Xu,Yuan Zeng,Dong Shu,Jiahui Zhang,Anqi Dai,Hao Zeng,Qiuhao Wu,Leilei Dai,Roger Ruan,Yunpu Wang
Seven single metal oxides were compared under identical ex-situ conditions. • Ex-situ MgO afforded the balance between liquid yield and phenolic enrichment. • Liquid yield and phenolic content reached 53.75 wt% and 57.66%, respectively. • MgO promoted deoxygenation and aromatization, enriching low-oxygen phenols. • Cellulose and hemicellulose produced no G- or S-type phenols in model tests. As a promising lignocellulosic biomass, Choerospondias axillaris endocarps hold great potential for the production of phenol-rich bio-oil. However, the catalytic differences among single metal oxides in the ex-situ upgrading of pyrolysis vapors, alongside the formation pathways of phenolic compounds, lack systematic comparison under identical conditions, and their underlying mechanisms remain insufficiently elucidated. In this study, Choerospondias axillaris endocarps were converted by microwave pyrolysis coupled with ex-situ metal oxide catalysis. Seven representative single metal oxides were systematically compared under identical reaction conditions to investigate their effects on product distribution and phenolic selectivity. Furthermore, by combining pyrolysis of the real feedstock with fast pyrolysis of lignin, cellulose, and hemicellulose model compounds, together with in-situ characterization, the formation of phenolic compounds and the evolution of deoxygenation reactions were clarified. The results showed that MgO exhibited the best catalytic performance. Under the optimal conditions (550 °C pyrolysis, 450 °C catalysis, and 1 g catalyst), the liquid yield and relative phenolic content reached 53.75 wt% and 57.66%, respectively, with the latter being 17.03% higher than that of the non-catalytic system. MgO promoted bond cleavage, decarboxylation, decarbonylation, and aromatization of oxygenated intermediates, thereby enriching low-oxygen phenols. Lignin was identified as the dominant direct precursor of phenols, whereas cellulose and hemicellulose contributed only indirectly and produced no G- or S-type phenols. This study provides theoretical support and technical guidance for the targeted production of value-added phenolic chemicals from biomass. Download: Download high-res image (267KB) Download: Download full-size image
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高影响因子
危险品化学品经营许可证（带存储）