LWT-FOOD SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
·
2021
·
IF 4.952
Zhe Dong,Yu Zhao,Jinliang Chen,Ming Chang,Xiaosan Wang,Qingzhe Jin,Xingguo Wang
Borneol esters have attracted increasing interest due to their potential application in the food industry. In this study, the extraction of d -borneol from Cinnamomum camphora chvar. borneol seed was carried out via steam distillation to gain highly purified d -borneol (99.66%). The lipase-catalyzed lipophilization of extracted d -borneol with oleic acid was performed in a solvent-free system. The influences of lipase type, substrate molar ratio, lipase loading, reaction temperature and reaction time on d -bornyl oleate yield were evaluated. Among four kinds of commercial lipases screened for their esterification efficiency, CRL (lipase from Candida rugose ) displayed the highest catalytic activity in the synthesis of d -bornyl oleate. The yield of more than 95% was obtained under the optimal conditions: substrate molar ratio 1:2 ( d -borneol/oleic acid), lipase loading 8%, reaction temperature 45 °C, reaction time 48 h. The structural identification of d -borneol and product d -bornyl oleate was performed by gas chromatography mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy ( 1 H NMR). The results showed that the product was confirmed to be d -bornyl oleate and the purity of which was 97.51%. This study will pave the way for d -borneol and its esters application in food industry.
研究领域:
食品科学
·
生物化学
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产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
INDUSTRIAL CROPS AND PRODUCTS
·
2024
·
IF 5.6
Yuwen Chen,Zhishuang Zhu,Weikai Yang,Yu Zhang,Jiawei Yang,Liulian Huang,Huichao Hu,Jianguo Li,Lihui Chen
Woodwork has functions as the versatile and sustainable furniture material to decorate buildings in our low-carbon society, while commonly giving significant risks of releasing volatile organic compound (VOC). Thus, how to accurately identify and quantify the VOC of woodwork raw materials is critical. Herein, we designed an easy-to-handle, processable, time-saving strategy of coupling headspace (HS) and gas chromatography (GC) to effectively and precisely investigate the emission behavior of VOC of Cinnamomum camphora (C. camphora). The effects of operation parameters of HS-GC on the VOC emission are analyzed in detail, where the optimize treatment conditions are 140 °C of equilibrium temperature, 25 h of equilibrium time, and 20–40 mesh of particle size. In addition, camphor and eucalyptol are the main chemical components of VOC, which shows the high content, more than 50 % of harvesting VOC. Moreover, a semi-empirical model for VOC emission of C. camphora is established, in which the predicted VOC emission demonstrates a strongly linear relationship with the experimental results (R 2 > 0.99). This study enables the comprehensive understanding of VOC emission of raw materials of woodwork, beyond C. camphora, and provides references to effectively reduce VOC in sustainably building and construction.
研究领域:
林业科学
·
环境科学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
INDUSTRIAL CROPS AND PRODUCTS
·
2021
·
IF 5.645
Zhengfeng Tian,Qingyun Luo,Zhaojiang Zuo
Plant terpenes are the main functional agents in forest bathing and have great value in several industries. To uncover the seasonal variation of Cinnamomum camphora monoterpene emission and the difference among the chemotypes for promoting the development of forest bathing and exploitation of monoterpenes using the species, the emission of monoterpenes and related gene expression in the camphor chemotype, eucalyptol chemotype, linalool chemotype and borneol chemotype of C. camphora were analyzed in May (spring), July (summer) and November (autumn), and the stored monoterpenes and storage structure were investigated. Eleocytes were the storage structure of monoterpenes in C. camphora , which widely existed in the leaf palisade tissue and spongy tissue, as well as around the glands and vascular bundles. The 4 chemotypes of C. camphora released different monoterpene components which mainly derived from the immediate emission after synthesis. Camphor, eucalyptol, linalool and endo-borneol showed the uppermost emission rate and were the typical monoterpenes in the corresponding chemotype, respectively, due to the high expression of the genes encoding bornyl diphosphate synthase ( E5.5.1.8 ), linalool synthase ( TSP14 ) and (+)-neomenthol dehydrogenase ( E1.1.1.208 ) for the biosynthesis of camphor, linalool and endo-borneol, respectively, and only expression of the gene encoding 1,8-cineole synthase ( TSP-cin ) for eucalyptol biosynthesis. Among the 4 chemotypes, the linalool chemotype showed the highest emission rate of monoterpenes in the same month (without significant difference with the eucalyptol chemotype in November), due to the high expression of the genes ( dxs , dxr , ispF , gcpE , and GGPS ) in methylerythritol-4-phosphate (MEP) pathway, α-terpineol synthase gene ( E4.2.3.111 ) and TSP14 . Among the 3 months, temperature was the remarkably varied meteorological condition. The highest monoterpene emission rate from the 4 chemotypes of C. camphora was detected in July, which should result from the up-regulated expression of related genes in monoterpene biosynthesis and improved vaporization and diffusion of stored monoterpenes under high temperature, with the former providing a major contribution.
研究领域:
植物学
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生物化学
·
环境科学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
ARCHIVES OF MICROBIOLOGY
·
2019
·Vol. 202
·期 1
·181-189
·
IF 1.642
Zhang Guo-fang,Huang Qiu-liang,Bi Xue-qin,Liu You-lin,Yuan Zong-sheng
The structure and diversity of microbial communities in the leaves of Cinnamomum camphora at different growth stages were studied by high-throughput sequencing. Moreover, the relationships between microbial communities and borneol content were analyzed in this paper. The results indicated that the community structure of endophytic bacteria in C. camphora exhibited temporal variations, with the microbial diversity presented as follows: T1 (low content period) > T3 (peak period) > T2 (small peak period). The population of endophytic bacteria and the ratio of primary metabolism in the leaves of C. camphora were T2 > T1 > T3, while the metabolic intensity of endophytic bacterial terpenoids and polyketides was T3 > T2 > T1, which had the same trend as borneol content in C. camphora . The metabolic ratio of terpenoids and polyketides in T3 was 7.44% higher than that in T1, while that in T2 was 4.10% higher than that in T1. The abundance and diversity of Clostridium_sensu_stricto_1 , Ochrobactrum, Escherichia-Shigella, Pseudomonas , and Massilia significantly promoted the content of terpenoids in C. camphora . Together, those results provide the first evidence that borneol content and potential metabolic intensity in leaves of C. camphora greatly depend on microbial communities composition and diversity.
研究领域:
微生物学
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植物科学
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代谢组学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
MOLECULES
·
2026
·Vol. 31
·期 9
·1550
·
IF 5.1
Jinhua Long,Wei Zheng,Lu Liu,Yuting Pang,Yijia Zhang,Yuping Luan,Nan Xu
Previous studies have demonstrated thatC. camphoraexhibits diverse bioactivities, but its roots, particularly their phenolic constituents, remain largely unexplored. In this study, we optimized the extraction and purification of total phenolics fromC. camphoraroots, isolated their chemical constituents, and evaluated their bioactivities. Response surface methodology yielded optimal conditions of 71% ethanol, 78 °C, and a liquid-to-solid ratio of 24:1 (mL/g), giving a total phenolic content of 3.60 mg/g. Purification with HPD-600 resin followed pseudo-second-order kinetics (R2= 0.9987). From the enriched phenolic fraction, twelve phenolic compounds were isolated, seven of which are reported fromC. camphoraroots for the first time. The enriched fraction exhibited strong antioxidant activities (DPPH IC50= 107.21 μg/mL; •OH IC50= 130.7 μg/mL; O2−IC50= 141.70 μg/mL) and significant pancreatic lipase inhibitory activity (IC50= 0.80 mg/mL). This integrated approach expands the chemical diversity ofC. camphoraroots and highlights their potential as a natural source of antioxidants and lipid-lowering agents.
✓ 已验证
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
LWT-FOOD SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
·
2022
·
IF 6.056
Cheng Wei,Ke Xiao,Hualan Li,Yanlong Qi,Zhengrong Zou,Zaizhi Liu
Cinnamomum camphora seed oil was extracted via ultrasound assisted aqueous enzymatic extraction (UAAEE). Neutral protease was selected for the enzymolysis pretreatment. A Plackett–Burman design and Box–Behnken design were employed to obtain the optimal UAAEE conditions and predict maximum oil yield. The optimal UAAEE conditions, with an actual yield of 80.12 ± 1.35%, were as follows: 4 h incubation time, 400 rpm agitation rate, 10 mL/g water to solid ratio, 1.9% enzyme amount, 1.4 h ultrasound time, and 220 W ultrasound power. Analysis of fatty acid compositions demonstrated that C. camphora seed oil possessed high medium-chain triglyceride content. Analysis of physicochemical properties demonstrated that the oil extracted via UAAEE possessed a lower acid value in comparison with oil extracted using the Soxhlet extraction; furthermore, other indices showed no significant difference between the two methods. The nutritional properties analysis revealed that the oil obtained using UAAEE had remarkable antiatherogenic and hypocholesterolemic activities. These results clarified that UAAEE is an efficient and eco-benign method for extracting plant seed oil and also indicated that C. camphora seed oil is a medium-chain triglyceride oil, which can be used as an ingredient in milk formulae for infants or in other health-related food industry products.
研究领域:
食品科学
·
化学工程
·
生物化学
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
TREES-STRUCTURE AND FUNCTION
·
2021
·Vol. 36
·期 2
·711-721
·
IF 2.529
Xu Chenyi,Ma Yuandan,Tian Zhengfeng,Luo Qingyun,Zheng Tiefeng,Wang Bin,Zuo Zhaojiang
Key message The four chemotypes of adult C. camphora released different monoterpenes which protected these plants against high temperature by lowering ROS levels and maintaining photosynthetic abilities. Abstract High temperature seriously impacts plant growth and development, and terpenes are believed to improve plant thermotolerance through indoor experiments using seedlings. To uncover the actual protection effects of monoterpenes on outdoor adult plants, we investigated the monoterpene emissions, reactive oxygen species (ROS) metabolism, and photosynthetic abilities in four chemotypes of adult Cinnamomum camphora that were blocked monoterpene synthesis by fosmidomycin (Fos) under high temperature in summer (the mean highest temperature at about 38.2 °C). Eucalyptol (EuL), linalool (Lnl), borneol (BeL), and camphor (CmR) chemotypes of C. camphora released an abundance of monoterpenes, with eucalyptol, linalool, endo-borneol, and camphor as the typical monoterpene, respectively. When the four chemotypes of C. camphora were treated with Fos, their monoterpene emission was inhibited remarkably, with disappearance of some monoterpenes. In that case, the content of O 2 − , H 2 O 2 , and thiobarbituric acid reactive substance (TBARS) in the four chemotypes of C. camphora significantly increased although antioxidant enzyme activities remarkably increased, and the photosynthetic abilities significantly decreased by declining the quantum production and electron transport in photosystem II and increasing the dissipation of absorbed light energy. Among the four chemotypes, monoterpenes might play the maximum roles in CmR lowering ROS levels and in EuL maintaining photosynthesis. It can be speculated that monoterpenes can protect adult C. camphora against high temperature by lowering ROS levels and maintaining photosynthetic abilities.
研究领域:
植物生理学
·
环境科学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
Foods
·
2023
·Vol. 12
·期 2
·293
·
IF 5.2
Pengbo Wang,Dongman Wan,Ting Peng,Yujing Yang,Xuefang Wen,Xianghui Yan,Jiaheng Xia,Qingwen Zhu,Ping Yu,Deming Gong,Zheling Zeng
Cinnamomum camphoraseed kernel oil (CCSKO) is one of the important natural medium chain triglycerides (MCT) resources, with more than 95.00% of medium chain fatty acids found in the world, and has various physiological effects. However, CCSKO has not been generally recognized as a safe oil or new food resource yet. The acute oral toxicity test and a standard battery of genotoxicity tests (mammalian erythrocyte micronucleus test, Ames test, and in vitro mammalian cell TK gene mutation test) of CCSKO as a new edible plant oil were used in the study. The results of the acute oral toxicity test showed that CCSKO was preliminary non-toxic, with an LD50value higher than 21.5 g/kg body weight. In the mammalian erythrocyte micronucleus test, there was no concentration-response relationship between the dose of CCSKO and micronucleus value in polychromatic erythrocytes compared to the negative control group. No genotoxicity was observed in the Ames test in the presence or absence of S9 at 5000 μg/mL. In vitro mammalian cell TK gene mutation test showed that CCSKO did not induce in vitro mammalian cell TK gene mutation in the presence or absence of S9 at 5000 μg/mL. These results indicated that CCSKO is a non-toxic natural medium-chain oil.Keywords:Cinnamomum camphoraseed kernel oil;acute oral toxicity;genotoxicity assessment;medium chain oil;safety assessment
研究领域:
毒理学
·
食品科学
·
药理学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
PLANT SCIENCE
·
2023
·
IF 5.2
Yuyan Cai,Haozhe Xu,Chenyi Xu,Zhaojiang Zuo
Cinnamomum camphora has great economic value for its wide utilization in traditional medicine and furniture material, and releases lots of monoterpenes to tolerate high temperature. To uncover the adjusting function of monoterpenes on primary metabolism and promoting their utilization as anti-high temperature agents, the photosynthetic capacities , primary metabolite levels, cell ultrastructure and associated gene expression were surveyed in C. camphora when it was blocked monoterpene biosynthesis with fosmidomycin (Fos) and fumigated with camphor (a typical monoterpene in the plant) under high temperature (Fos+38 °C+camphor). Compared with the control (28 °C), high temperature at 38 °C decreased the starch content and starch grain size, and increased the fructose, glucose, sucrose and soluble sugar content. Meanwhile, high temperature also raised the lipid content, with the increase of lipid droplet size and numbers. These variations were further intensified in Fos+ 38 °C treatment. Compared with Fos+ 38 °C treatment, Fos+ 38 °C+camphor treatment improved the starch accumulation by promoting 4 gene expression in starch biosynthesis, and lowered the sugar content by suppressing 3 gene expression in pentose phosphate pathway and promoting 15 gene expression in glycolysis and tricarboxylic acid cycle . Meanwhile, Fos+ 38 °C+camphor treatment also lowered the lipid content, which may be caused by the down-regulation of 2 genes in fatty acid formation and up-regulation of 4 genes in fatty acid decomposition. Although Fos+ 38 °C+camphor treatment improved the photosynthetic capacities in contrast to Fos+ 38 °C treatment, it cannot explain the variations of these primary metabolite levels. Therefore, camphor should adjust related gene expression to maintain the primary metabolism in C. camphora tolerating high temperature.
研究领域:
植物生理学
·
分子生物学
·
环境胁迫
·
代谢组学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
Foods
·
2025
·Vol. 14
·期 12
·2116
·
IF 5.1
Xianghui Yan,Ting Peng,Zheling Zeng,Pengbo Wang,Yifang Gao,Xuefang Wen,Jiaheng Xia,Deming Gong,Ping Yu
Medium chain triglycerides (MCTs) are regarded as an important ingredient for functional foods and nutraceuticals.Cinnamomum camphoraseed kernel oil (CCSKO) contains more than 95% medium chain fatty acids (MCFAs), which is a significantly higher level than palm kernel oil (62%) and coconut oil (55%). However, the safety assessment of CCSKO, as the only natural MCT oil rich in capric acid and lauric acid found so far in the world, has not been fully verified. The study aimed to investigate the 90-day sub-chronic oral toxicity and teratogenicity of CCSKO. In the sub-chronic oral toxicity study, no clinically significant adverse events occurred in male or female Sprague–Dawley (SD) rats with CCSKO daily administration for 13 weeks. Moreover, there were no dose–response relationships between CCSKO and body-weight gain, food intake and food utilization in male or female SD rats. No significant differences (p> 0.05) were found in the hematological properties or organ weights between the male and female SD rats. In the teratogenicity test, no toxicological signs were observed in either Wister pregnant rats or fetuses. The no-observed-adverse-effect level of CCSKO was determined to be more than 4 mL/kg body weight. These results suggested that CCSKO may be an excellent edible oil with high oral safety.
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
Foods
·
2024
·Vol. 13
·期 13
·2064
·
IF 4.7
Pengbo Wang,Zhixin Wang,Manqi Zhang,Xianghui Yan,Jiaheng Xia,Junxin Zhao,Yujing Yang,Xiansi Gao,Qifang Wu,Deming Gong,Ping Yu,Zheling Zeng
Cinnamomumcamphoraseed kernels (CCSKs) are rich in phytochemicals, especially plant extracts. Phytochemicals play a vital role in therapy due to their strong antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities. Extracts from CCSK can be obtained through multiple steps, including pretreatment, extraction and purification, and the purpose of pretreatment is to separate the oil from other substances in CCSKs. However,C. camphora seed kernel extracts (CKEs) were usually considered as by-products and discarded, and their potential bioactive values were underestimated. Additionally, little has been known about the effect of pretreatment on CKE. This study aimed to investigate the effects of pretreatment methods (including the solvent extraction method, cold pressing method, aqueous extraction method and sub-critical fluid extraction method) on the extraction yields, phytochemical profiles, volatile compounds and antioxidant capacities of different CKE samples. The results showed that the CKE samples were rich in phenolic compounds (15.28–20.29%) and alkaloids (24.44–27.41%). The extraction yield, bioactive substances content and in vitro antioxidant capacity of CKE pretreated by the sub-critical fluid extraction method (CKE-SCFE) were better than CKEs obtained by other methods. CKE pretreated by the solvent extraction method (CKE-SE) showed the best lipid emulsion protective capacity. Moreover, the volatile substances composition of the CKE samples was greatly influenced by the pretreatment method. The results provided a fundamental basis for evaluating the quality and nutritional value of CKE and increasing the economic value of by-products derived from CCSK.
研究领域:
食品科学
·
药理学
·
化学工程
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
Future Foods
·
2025
·
IF 8.2
Xianghui Yan,Miao Luo,Zheling Zeng,Yujing Yang,Xiansi Gao,Yifang Gao,Ding Cheng,Guohua Zhang,Deming Gong,Ping Yu
Cinnamomum camphora seed kernel (CCSK) is a rich source of plant-based food ingredients, with high levels of medium-chain oil, protein and carbohydrates. Despite its nutritional value, approximately 12% of carbohydrates go to waste during the extraction process of CCSK oil. In this study, a novel crude CCSK polysaccharide (CCSKP) was extracted from the aqueous phase of the aqueous-extraction process for CCSK oil. The chemical compositions, physicochemical properties, prebiotic activities, and potential application in yogurt of CCSKP were evaluated. The results showed that CCSKP contained 64.70 ± 1.27% sugar, 11.33 ± 1.12% protein and 9.45 ± 0.33% uronic acid, and the glucose content of CCSKP was 91.10%. The hydrolysis rates of CCSKP by simulated gastric fluid and α-amylase were 4.45 ± 0.18% and 5.90 ± 0.13%, respectively. The assessment of prebiotic activities demonstrated that CCSKP effectively promoted the growth and acidifying activity of probiotic strains ( L. acidophilus, B. longum, B. infantis and B. adolescentis ) while enhancing the production of short-chain fatty acids. Furthermore, the addition of CCSKP was found to improve the pH and titratable acidity, water-holding capacity and texture properties (hardness, gumminess and chewiness) of yogurt. These findings suggest that CCSKP may function as an effective prebiotic and offer a natural, plant-based solution to meet the growing demand for functional foods that support digestive health.
研究领域:
食品科学
·
碳水化合物化学
·
益生菌与益生元
·
功能性食品
·
乳品技术
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
危险品化学品经营许可证（带存储）