JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE
·
2024
·
IF 3.3
Nawei Zhang,Yang Xu,Xiao Jia,Xiao Li,Jingnan Ren,Siyi Pan,Gang Fan,Jinchu Yang
BACKGROUND Citrus products often suffer from delayed bitterness, which is generated from the conversion of non-bitter precursors (limonoate A-ring lactone, LARL) to limonin under the catalysis of limonin D-ring lactone hydrolase (LDLH). In this study, LDLH was isolated and purified from sweet orange seeds, and a rapid and accurate high-performance liquid chromatography method to quantify LARL was developed and applied to analyze the activity and enzymatic properties of purified LDLH. RESULTS Purified LDLH (25.22 U mg −1 ) showed bands of 245 kDa and 17.5 kDa molecular weights in native polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE) and sodium dodecyl sulfate PAGE analysis respectively. After a 24 h incubation under strongly acidic (pH 3) or strongly alkaline (pH 9) conditions, LDLH still retained approximately 100% activity. Moreover, LDLH activity was not impaired by thermal treatment at 50 °C for 120 min. Enzyme inhibition assays showed that LDLH was inactivated only after ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid treatment, and other enzyme inhibitors showed no significant effect on its activity. In addition, the LDLH activity of calcium ion (Ca 2+ ) intervention was 108% of that in the blank group, and that of zinc ion (Zn 2+ ) intervention was 71%. CONCLUSION LDLH purified in this study was a multimer containing 17.5 kDa monomer with a wide pH tolerance range (pH 3–9) and excellent thermal stability. Moreover, LDLH might be a metallopeptidase, and its activity was stimulated by Ca 2+ and significantly inhibited by Zn 2+ . These findings improve our understanding of LDLH and provide some important implications for reducing the bitterness in citrus products in the future. © 2024 Society of Chemical Industry.
研究领域:
植物科学
·
生物化学
·
食品科学
·
酶学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF CHROMATOGRAPHY A
·
2022
·
IF 4.601
Meilin Xu,Lunzhao Yi,Dabing Ren,Boyan Li
Citrus flavonoids are attracting great interest due to their well-known beneficial effects, but many of them have not been characterized. In this work, ultra-high liquid chromatography coupled to high resolution mass spectrometry (UHPLC HRMS) was used for profiling flavonoids in citrus fruit. We proposed a strategy combining mass defect filtering (MDF) and MS/MS–based molecular networking (MMN) to handle complex UHPLC–HRMS data. The proposed strategy was explained and validated in the fruit of Citrus sinensis ( L. ) Osbeck, and when specific mass and mass defect windows were pre-defined, MDF enable removal of considerable un-related and/or interference MS 1 peaks. In citrus fruit, the number of MS 1 peaks in positive and negative modes were reduced by 70.80% (from 15,113 to 4413) and 55.30% (from 5617 to 2511), respectively, and thus the potential MS features of flavonoids were retained and exposed. After MDF, an MS/MS similarity-based MMN map was constructed to cluster flavonoids with similar chemical structures. MMN facilitated the annotation of 65 unknown citrus flavonoids by using only 21 pre-identified flavonoids as references. The compounds comprised 42 polymethoxylated flavonoids, 17 flavones, 24 flavanones, and 3 flavonols. Eleven of them had not been previously reported in Citrus sinensis ( L. ) Osbeck to our knowledge. Results of the current work indicated that the combination of MDF and MMN is a useful strategy for removing interference MS 1 peaks and performing the structural annotation of unkonwn compounds in complex samples.
研究领域:
植物化学
·
分析化学
·
食品科学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF FOOD COMPOSITION AND ANALYSIS
·
2024
·
IF 4
Nawei Zhang,Yang Xu,Xiao Li,Jingnan Ren,Xiao Jia,Siyi Pan,Zhenglun Li,Xiang He,Zhaoxing Hu,Gang Fan
Formation of delayed bitterness is an intractable problem in the processing of citrus juice. This study analyzed the distribution of main bitter-causing substances in sweet orange and the effect of heat treatment, storage temperature, clarification, and homogenization on the limonin content in sweet orange juice. The segment membrane accounted for 34–42% of limonin in the fruit and 21–45% of limonoate A-ring lactone (LARL). Heat treatment accelerated the formation of limonin in juice. Pectinase treatment appeared to facilitate the formation of limonin by reducing the pH of juice. In addition, refrigeration at 4 °C was found to restrain the formation of limonin in juice by inhibiting the activity of limonin D-ring lactone hydrolase (LDLH). In conclusion, segment membrane may have a great contribution to the delayed bitterness of sweet orange juice due to its abundant LARL. These results may provide some guidance for citrus processing and bitterness removal.
研究领域:
食品科学
·
植物生理学
·
食品加工
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY
·
2014
·
IF 3.107
Yulong Chen,Jijun Wu,Yujuan Xu,Manqing Fu,Gengsheng Xiao
A second cooling was added to the oil collectors of an improved Clevenger-type apparatus (ICT) to investigate the thermal reaction of essential oils from orange peel compared to a traditional Clevenger-type apparatus (CT). The results demonstrated the yield rate of essential oil from ICT was significantly higher (p < 0.05) than that from CT. The major components of the essential oils consisted of monoterpenes, such as d-limonene, β-myrcene, β-pinene, γ-terpinene, α-pinene. Interestingly, ICT prevented the thermal reaction—the transformation of β-myrcene to β-thujene—and reduced the oxidation on α-pinene and β-pinene of the essential oil in comparison to CT. In addition, the yield rate of γ-terpinene can also be improved via ICT compared to CT. Thus, ICT is an effective improvement to traditional CT.
研究领域:
植物化学
·
食品科学
·
芳香植物研究
✓ 已验证
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
Food Science & Nutrition
·
2018
·Vol. 6
·期 6
·1431-1437
·
IF 1.521
Qingyun Guo,Ke Liu,Weihui Deng,Balian Zhong,Wenxia Yang,Jiong Chun
The present investigation reported the chemical composition of cold pressed Gannan navel orange peel essential oil (EO) and its molecular distillation fraction (light phase EO), and examined their antimicrobial activity against spoiling and pathogenic microorganisms. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis identified 27 and 20 different chemical constituents in cold pressed EO and light phase EO, respectively. Limonene was the major constituent, accounting for 85.32% of cold pressed EO and 60.44% of light phase EO. Both EOs and some of their constituents showed good antimicrobial activity. Compared to cold pressed EO, light phase EO exhibited the better antimicrobial activity under weak acidic and neutral conditions. The light phase EO presented a higher antimicrobial activity after thermo-treatment at 60–100°C for 20 min than cold pressed EO. These results demonstrated that light phase EO had a potential to be used as a novel antimicrobial agent for food preservation and food processing.
研究领域:
食品科学
·
植物化学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY
·
2023
·
IF 6.1
Jin Chen,Yanru Zhang,Feifei Liu,Jianle Chen,Yujing Sun,Xingqian Ye,Donghong Liu,Huan Cheng
This study was to investigate the effects of different nonthermal treatments on quality attributes, anthocyanin profiles, and gene expressions related to anthocyanin biosynthesis during low-temperature storage, including pulsed light (PL), magnetic energy (ME), and ultrasound (US). Among these treatments, 1 min US treatment was the most effective method for improving fruit quality and increasing total anthocyanin contents (by 29.89 ± 3.32%) as well as individual anthocyanins during low-temperature storage of 28 days. This treatment resulted in high color intensity, intact cellular architectures, and positive sensory evaluation. In contrast, PL and ME treatments displayed negative effects on quality improvement, leading to the destruction of cell architectures and inhibiting anthocyanin levels. Furthermore, qPCR analysis revealed that the structural genes (C4H, CHS1, CHS2, CHI, F3H, ANS, and GST) related to anthocyanin biosynthesis and transport were the target genes and upregulated in response to the cavitation effect of US treatment.
研究领域:
食品科学
·
植物生理学
·
分子生物学
✓ 已验证
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS
·
2023
·
IF 13.6
Qianwei Lin,Yuanwei Huang,Gangfeng Li,Zisheng Luo,Lei Wang,Dong Li,Yizhou Xiang,Lingling Liu,Zhaojun Ban,Li Li
Prochloraz (PTIC) is a hazardous fungicide used worldwide on agricultural produce despite concerns about potential impacts on human health and environmental pollution . The residue of PTIC and its metabolite 2,4,6-trichlorophenol (2,4,6-TCP) in fresh produce has largely not been clarified. Herein, we address this research gap by examining residues of PTIC and 2,4,6-TCP in fruit of Citrus sinensis through a typical storage period. PTIC residue in the exocarp and mesocarp peaked on days 7 and 14, respectively, while 2,4,6-TCP residue gradually increased throughout storage period. Based upon gas chromatography-mass spectrometry and RNA-sequencing analysis, we reported the potential impact of residual PTIC on endogenous terpene production, and identified 11 DEGs encoding enzymes involved in terpene biosynthesis in Citrus sinensis . Additionally, we investigated both the reduction efficacy (max: 58.93%) of plasma-activated water in citrus exocarp and the minimal impact on quality attributes of citrus mesocarp. The present study not only sheds light on the residual distribution of PTIC and its impact on endogenous metabolism in Citrus sinensis , but also further provides theoretical basis for potential approaches for efficiently reducing or eliminating pesticide residues .
研究领域:
农业科学
·
植物生理学
·
环境科学
·
分子生物学
✓ 已验证
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
POSTHARVEST BIOLOGY AND TECHNOLOGY
·
2025
·
IF 6.8
Jiayi Song,Maomao Ma,Yijian Wu,Yan Hu,Xinyi Wu,Peipei Guan,Bin Zeng
Green mold, caused by Penicillium digitatum , is one of the most destructive postharvest diseases of citrus fruits, leading to significant rot and economic losses. In this study, the antifungal activity and underlying mechanism of the novel antimicrobial peptide (AMP) N1–6L7A against P. digitatum were investigated. Additionally, the potential application of N1–6L7A for controlling postharvest green mold in Citrus sinensis (L.) Osbeck was examined. N1–6L7A exhibited potential antifungal efficacy by inhibiting both mycelial growth and spore germination of P. digitatum . Furthermore, it demonstrated excellent thermal stability, pH tolerance, and biosafety. The results of fluorescence microscopy assay, cell component leakage, and microscopic observations revealed that N1–6L7A severely damaged the fungal membrane of P. digitatum , leading to the release of intracellular nucleic acids and proteins. N1–6L7A treatment also induced excessive intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, collapse of mitochondrial membrane potential, and decreased activities of malate dehydrogenase (MDH) and ATPase. Gel retardation assay indicated that P. digitatum -DNA was a target of N1–6L7A. Furthermore, transcriptomic analysis suggested that N1–6L7A might inhibit the growth of P. digitatum by blocking the expression of genes related to the ribosome, amino acid metabolism, and pyrimidine metabolism. Meanwhile, the peptide potentially promoted the expression of genes involved in steroid biosynthesis. Notably, in vivo assays confirmed that N1–6L7A effectively controlled P. digitatum infection in citrus fruits and enhanced host resistance by activating defense-related enzymes. Collectively, our results suggested that N1–6L7A could be used as an alternative fungicide to prevent green mold in citrus fruits.
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
CHEMISTRY & BIODIVERSITY
·
2022
·Vol. 19
·期 4
·e202100910
·
IF 2.745
Chunlian Li,Qiuyang Cai,Xianyi Wu,Zekai Tan,Shiyuan Huang,Chuqi Wei,Weicheng Zhang,Zhuoyu Chen,Lanyue Zhang,Hongping Xiang
Species of the genus Citrus are cultivated in many regions of China and are widely used for medicinal purposes. In the present study, essential oils (EOs) were extracted from four different Citrus species using steam distillation. The chemical components of these four essential oils were separated using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, and 52 compounds were confirmed. D-limonene was found to be the most abundant compound. All four essential oils demonstrated varied but remarkable radical scavenging capacity (IC 50 ; 0.77–13.9 %). Citrus paradisi essential oil exhibited excellent antioxidant activity. Compared to ibuprofen, topical application of the four Citrus spp. essential oils significantly inhibited ear edema formation in mice. Furthermore, essential oils from the four Citrus species reduced the expression levels of interleukin-6 (IL-6), cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) and nuclear transcription factor kappa B p65 (NF-κB) to different degrees. The cytotoxicity of the four essential oils on BV 2 microglial cells was determined using the MTT assay (IC 50 ; 321.37–1558.87 μg/mL), wherein Citrus limon essential oil showed the lowest cytotoxicity. The essential oils of Citrus limon , Citrus reticulata , and Citrus paradisi had an inhibitory effect on the lung cancer cell lines H1299 by inducing a G0/G1 cell cycle arrest. Cluster and principal component analyses were used to determine the relationship among the Citrus species. These results suggest that the four Citrus essential oils have potential for use as active ingredients in functional foods or cosmeceutical products. Graphical
研究领域:
药理学
·
生物化学
·
植物科学
·
药物化学
✓ 已验证
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
FOOD CHEMISTRY
·
2022
·
IF 9.231
Jin Chen,Feifei Liu,Balarabe B. Ismail,Wenjun Wang,Enbo Xu,Haibo Pan,Xingqian Ye,Donghong Liu,Huan Cheng
Health-promoting anthocyanins in blood oranges can be enriched via appropriate postharvest storage conditions. Here, we explored the changes of anthocyanin accumulation and volatile profiles of Tarocco blood oranges ( Citrus sinensis L. Osbeck) treated by the low temperature alone and combined with ethephon (2 mg/mL) during 50 days of storage. The combination treatment of ethephon and low temperature (8 o C) significantly enhanced the levels of total anthocyanins (10.91 ± 0.25 mg/100 g) and individual cyanidin derivatives relative to low-temperature treatment alone. The increases of six cyanidin derivatives and three delphinidin derivatives identified by LC-MS/Q-TOF were consistent with the variation in total anthocyanins. Ethyl butanoate, ethyl 2-methylbutyrate, ethyl hexanoate, ethyl undecanoate, linalool, and d -limonene were identified as main contributors to overall aroma of fresh blood oranges. Volatile compositions and concentrations were decreased under different treatments of ethephon and temperatures, while ethephon could alleviate the loss of activity volatiles during cold storage.
研究领域:
园艺学
·
食品科学
·
植物生理学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
FOOD CHEMISTRY
·
2023
·
IF 8.8
Jin Chen,Yanru Zhang,Feifei Liu,Jianle Chen,Wenjun Wang,Dan Wu,Xingqian Ye,Donghong Liu,Huan Cheng
To explore the optimal early harvest time similar to the ripe fruit qualities, the effects of storage temperatures on maturity indexes, weight losses, colour parameters, anthocyanin profiles, volatile and taste components of blood oranges at six different maturity levels were investigated. Total anthocyanin contents of cold-treated fruits increased to or exceed that of ripe fruits (0.24 ± 0.12 mg/100 g), and fruits harvested from 260 d and 280 d after anthesis shared similar individual anthocyanin profiles to ripe fruits during storage at 8 °C for 30 d and 20 d (III-30 d and IV-20 d groups), respectively. Moreover, comparative analyses of e-nose and e-tongue demonstrated the distances of volatile components and scores of taste attributes including sourness, saltiness, bitterness, sweetness, and umami in III-30 d and IV-20 d groups were close to that of ripe fruits, indicating that the fruits could be sold about 20 to 30 d ahead of the season.
研究领域:
园艺学
·
食品科学
·
植物生理学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
危险品化学品经营许可证（带存储）