Recycling and reusing spent lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) have gained a lot of attention in recent years, both ecologically and commercially. The carbon nanotube-loaded CoFe2O4(CoFe2O4@CNTs) composite was made using a solvothermal technique utilizing wasted LIBs as the starting material and carbon nanotubes as support, and it was used as an efficient peroxymonosulfate (PMS, HSO5−) activator to degrade chloroquine phosphate (CQP). Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), an energy dispersive spectrometer (EDS), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET), and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) were utilized to characterize the physical and chemical properties of the catalyst generated. The impacts of CoFe2O4@CNTs dosage, PMS concentration, reaction temperature, initial pH value, starting CQP concentration, and co-existing ions have undergone extensive experimental testing. In comparison to bare CoFe2O4, the CoFe2O4@CNTs demonstrated increased catalytic activity, which might be attributed to their super electron transport capacity and large surface area. In ideal conditions, the mineralization efficiency and removal efficiency of 10 mg/L CQP approached 33 and 98.7%, respectively. By employing external magnets, the CoFe2O4@CNTs catalyst may be simply recycled and reused several times. The potential reaction mechanism in the CoFe2O4@CNTs/PMS system was also investigated. In summary, this study indicates that CoFe2O4@CNTs generated from spent lithium-ion batteries have a high potential in PMS activation for CQP and other pollutant degradation.Keywords:spent lithium-ion batteries;peroxymonosulfate activation;CoFe2O4@CNTs;chloroquine phosphate;recycle
We report CoFe 2 O 4 and carbon nanotubes hybrid aerogels as a novel anode material for potassium ion batteries (KIBs). The synthetic route take the advantage of marine biobased materials as the precursor and facilely produce large-scale production of hybrid CoFe 2 O 4 and carbon nanotubes aerogels as the advanced anode. The hybrid aerogels deliver a remarkable capacity of 180 mAh g −1 with high stability over 200 cycles at a current density of 0.1 A g −1 . The high rate charge/discharge reveals a relatively high capacity of 83 mAh g −1 even at the current density of 1.0 A g −1 . In-situ XRD investigations reveal the phase evolution during charge/discharge, demonstrating the high stability of hybrid aerogels for the potassium intercalation/extraction. The high specific surface area and large numbers of mesopores with more active sites can benefit the effective transmission of electrons and K ions , leading to an improved specific capacity and cycle stability.
In modern battlefield scenarios, electromagnetic interference (EMI) from dense electronic systems and radar detection, together with infrared (IR) thermal imaging surveillance, impose dual threats to the survivability of military assets. Accordingly, advanced materials capable of simultaneously delivering high-efficiency EMI shielding and effective IR stealth are in urgent demand. Herein, we propose an asymmetric impedance-matched Ni@CoFe 2 O 4 @CNTs aerogel composite, in which one side consists of a porous CoFe 2 O 4 @CNTs aerogel (absorption layer) with an optimized mass ratio of 2:1, achieving favorable impedance matching ( Z ≈ 1) and a high absorption coefficient (A = 0.77). And the other side is coated with a dense nickel layer via selective electroless plating, acting as a reflective layer with low infrared emissivity (0.487) to re-reflect transmitted electromagnetic waves. This asymmetric architecture establishes an “absorption–reflection–reabsorption” attenuation pathway, yielding an EMI shielding effectiveness (SE T ) of 43.95 dB across the X-band and an A/R ratio of 3.55, which verifies an absorption-dominated shielding mechanism. Meanwhile, the nickel coating reduces surface IR emissivity, while the porous aerogel serves as a thermal insulator, lowering the equilibrium surface temperature to 44.7 °C when placed on an 80 °C heat source. This work demonstrates that a well-engineered asymmetric structural design enables the integration of absorption-dominated EMI shielding and superior IR stealth performance within a single lightweight aerogel.
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