Frontiers in Microbiology
·
2018
·
IF 4.019
Lu Qinhua,Wang Yuchun,Li Nana,Ni Dejiang,Yang Yajun,Wang Xinchao
Colletotrichum, the causative agent of anthracnose, is an important pathogen that invades the tea plant (Camellia sinensis). In this study, 38 isolates were obtained from the diseased leaves of tea plants collected in different areas of Zhejiang Province, China. A combination of multigene (ITS, ACT, GAPDH, TUB2, CAL, and GS) and morphology analyses showed that the 38 strains belonged to two different species, namely, C. camelliae (CC), and C. fructicola (CF). Pathogenicity tests revealed that CC was more invasive than CF. In vitro inoculation experiments demonstrated that CC formed acervuli at 72 hpi and developed appressoria on wound edges, but CF did not develop these structures. Under treatment with catechins and caffeine, the growth inhibition rates of CF were remarkably higher than those of CC, indicating that the nonpathogenic species CF was more vulnerable to catechins and caffeine. Growth condition testing indicated that CF grew at a wide temperature range of 15–35°C and that the optimum temperature for CC growth was 25°C. Growth of both CC and CF did not differ between acidic and weakly alkaline environments (pH 5–8), but the growth of CC was significantly reduced at pH values of 9 and 10. Furthermore, the PacC/RIM101 gene, which associated with pathogenicity, was identified from CC and CF genomes, and its expression was suppressed in the hyphae of both species under pH value of 5 and 10, and much lower expression level was detected in CC than that in CF at pH 6. These results indicated that temperature has more important effect than pH for the growth of two Colletotrichum species. In conclusion, the inhibition by secondary metabolite is an important reason why the pathogenicity by CC and CF are different to tea plant, although the environmental factors including pH and temperature effect the growth of two Colletotrichum species.
研究领域:
植物病理学
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分子生物学
·
微生物学
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DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
Frontiers in Microbiology
·
2019
·
IF 4.259
He Shengnan,An Tai,A Runa,Liu Shouan
The tea plant [Camellia sinensis (L.) O. Kuntze] is one of the most important leaf crops, and it is widely used for the production of non-alcoholic beverages worldwide. Tea also has a long history of medicinal use. Colletotrichum camelliae Massee is one of the dominant fungal pathogens that infects tea leaves and causes severe tea anthracnose disease. To analyze the molecular biology of C. camelliae, the quantification of pathogen gene expression by the RT-qPCR method is necessary. Reliable RT-qPCR results require the use of stable reference genes for data normalization. However, suitable reference genes have not been reported in C. camelliae thus far. In this study, 12 candidate genes (i.e., CcSPAC6B12.04c, CcWDR83, Cchp11, Ccnew1, CcHplo, CcRNF5, CcHpcob, CcfaeB-2, CcYER010C, CcRNM1, CcUP18, and CcACT) were isolated from C. camelliae and assessed as potential reference genes. The expression stability of these genes in C. camelliae during spore germination and mycelial growth and interaction with host plants was first evaluated using several statistical algorithms, such as geNorm, NormFinder, and Bestkeeper. A web-based analysis program, Refinder, was then used to find the most suitable reference genes. Our results indicated that Cenew1, CcHplo, and CcSPAC6B12.04c were the most stable reference genes in C. camelliae under all conditions. Our work provided the most suitable reference genes for future studies performed to quantify the target gene expression levels of C. camelliae.
研究领域:
植物病理学
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分子生物学
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DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
PESTICIDE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY
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2024
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IF 4.2
Jiying Zhang,Huifang Liu,Jianmei Yao,Chiyu Ma,Wen Yang,Zhiwei Lei,Rongyu Li
Anthracnose, a fungal disease, commonly infects tea plants and severely impacts the yield and quality of tea. One method for controlling anthracnose is the application of citronellol, a plant extract that exhibits broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity. Herein, the physiological and biochemical mechanism by which citronellol controls anthracnose caused by Colletotrichum camelliae was investigated. Citronellol exhibited excellent antifungal activity based on direct and indirect mycelial growth inhibition assays, with EC 50 values of 76.88 mg/L and 29.79 μL/L air, respectively. Citronellol also exhibited good control effects on C. camelliae in semi-isolated leaf experiments. Optical and scanning electron microscopy revealed that citronellol caused C. camelliae mycelia to thin, fracture, fold and deform. Transmission electron microscopy revealed that the mycelial cell walls collapsed inward and separated, and the organelles became blurred after treatment with citronellol. The sensitivity of C. camelliae to calcofluor white staining was significantly enhanced by citronellol, while PI staining showed minimal fluorescence, and the relative conductivity of mycelia were not significantly different. Under citronellol treatment, the expression levels of β -1,3-glucanase, chitin synthase, and chitin deacetylase-related genes were significantly decreased, while the expression levels of chitinase genes were increased, leading to lower chitinase activity and increased β -1,3-glucanase activity. Therefore, citronellol disrupted the cell wall integrity of C. camelliae and inhibited normal mycelial growth.
研究领域:
植物病理学
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分子生物学
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真菌学
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产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
NATURAL PRODUCT RESEARCH
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2025
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IF 1.6
Xiaoman Fu,Yuancao Shu,Zhiyu Zhang,Weihua Wang,Sida Xie,Xiaoqin Yang,Yingjun Zhang,Ping Zhao,Guolei Zhu
Two new sesquiterpenoids, designated as collcameins A (1) and B (2), alongside four previously identified compounds (3-6), were successfully extracted from the solid-state fermentation of Colletotrichum camelliae LP76, a predominant endophytic fungus found within its leaves of Camellia taliensis cultivated ancient tea tree. Their chemical structures were determined through various spectroscopic techniques and by comparing the results with available literature for elucidation. To clarify the stereochemical configurations of 1 and 2, extra X-ray diffraction crystallography was employed, both featuring a rare presilphiperfolane-type architecture. Additionally, the anti-inflammatory and antifungal activities were also assessed. As a result, compound 1 and 2 exhibited significant inhibitions against A. brassicicola, being comparable with the positive control (thiabendazole).
研究领域:
真菌学
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天然产物化学
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药理学
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产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
·
2020
·Vol. 21
·期 5
·1828
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IF 4.556
Songbo Lin,Yanan Dong,Xiwang Li,Yuxian Xing,Miaomiao Liu,Xiaoling Sun
Jasmonates (JAs), the group of lipid-derived hormones, were found to control the defense responses in a myriad of plants. Meaningfully, the macrolactones of 12-hydroxy jasmonate isoleucine (12OH-JA-Ile) were reported to induce the defensive response of wild tobacco. However, little to nothing has been known about the elicitation effect of JA-Ile-macrolactones on woody plants to harmful organisms, let alone its underlying mechanisms. Here, we first optimized the synthetic routine using mild toxic reagent isobutyl chloroformate instead of ethyl chloroformate for conjugation, and we used acetonitrile (MeCN) instead of ethyl alcohol for the better dissolution ofp-toluenesulfonic acid (p-TsOH) to gain JA-Ile-macrolactones. JA-Ile-macrolactone5b-treated tea plants significantly inhibited the larvae weight gain ofEctropis obliqualarvae and the lesions caused byColletotrichum camelliae. Furthermore, the expression level ofCsOPR3was significantly upregulated in5b-treated leaves. Meanwhile,5breduced the accumulation of eriodictyol 7-O-glucuronide (EDG) in tea plants, which was confirmed to promote the growth rate ofE. obliqualarvae by artificial diet assay. In conclusion, our study proved that the exogenous application of5bcould induce the tea plant resistance both to herbivoreE. obliquaand pathogenC. camelliae, and EDG was identified as one of the secondary metabolites that could influence the growth rate ofE. obliqua, but it did not directly influence the infection ofC. camelliaein vitro. Further research should be carried out to clarify the mechanism through which5binduces tea plant resistance toC. camelliae.Keywords:JA-Ile-macrolactone;induced resistance;Camellia sinensis;Ectropis obliqua;Colletotrichum camelliae
研究领域:
植物科学
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分子生物学
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昆虫学
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病理学
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DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
Frontiers in Nutrition
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2023
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IF 5
He Shengnan,Qiao Xiaoyan,Zhang Shuhan,Xia Jinglin,Wang Lei,Liu Shouan
Tea is one of the most well-known, healthy beverages in the world. Tea plants produce caffeine as a secondary metabolite. Colletotrichum camelliae is one of the most important microbes frequently isolated from tea fields, and it causes anthracnose disease in tea plant. In the present work, we performed molecular microbiology and transcriptomic analyses of the C. camelliae - tea plant interaction to investigate the mechanism of fungal virulence and plant defense. Upon infection of tea plant with C. camelliae, we observed alterations in the expression of fungal transcripts, including those of many genes associated with caffeine metabolism, such as those encoding various transporters, xanthine dehydrogenase, and urate oxidase (UOX). In particular, the deletion of C. camelliae urate oxidase (CcUOX), which is involved in the caffeine metabolism pathway, reduced fungal tolerance to caffeine, and impaired fungal virulence. CcUOX is involved in caffeine metabolism by the degradation of uric acid contents. C. camelliaeΔCcUOX mutants impaired uric acid degradation in vivo. The CcUOX gene was cloned from C. camelliae, overexpressed in Escherichia coli, and the recombinant CcUOX protein displayed maximum activity at 30°C and a pH of 4.0. The recombinant CcUOX efficiently reduced uric acid in vitro suggesting a promising application in caffeine-contaminated environment management and in producing food with low purine contents to prevent uric acid related human diseases, such as hyperuricemia and gout.
研究领域:
分子微生物学
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植物病理学
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转录组学
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酶学
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环境管理
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食品科学
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DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
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