JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY
·
2016
·
IF 2.857
Yu-Chun Wang,Wen-Jun Qian,Na-Na Li,Xin-Yuan Hao,Lu Wang,Bin Xiao,Xin-Chao Wang,Ya-Jun Yang
Tea plant (Camellia sinensis) is one of the most economically valuable crops in the world. Anthracnose can affect the growth of leaves and cause serious yield losses of tea. Tea plants are rich in secondary metabolites; however, their roles in resistance to anthracnose are unclear. Herein we compared the contents of total phenolics, catechins, and caffeine in two cultivars with different resistances to anthracnose during Colletotrichum fructicola infection. (−)-Epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG), (+)-catechin (C), caffeine, and critical regulatory genes were induced in C. fructicola-resistant tissues. In vitro antifungal tests showed that caffeine more strongly inhibited mycelial growth than tea polyphenols and catechins. Both electron microscopy and bioactivity analysis results showed that caffeine can affect mycelial cell walls and plasma membranes. Through promoter sequences analysis, a number of stress response-related cis-acting elements were identified in S-adenosylmethionine synthetase and tea caffeine synthase. These results demonstrated that (−)-EGCG, (+)-C, and caffeine may be involved in the resistance of tea plants to anthracnose.
研究领域:
植物病理学
·
代谢组学
·
分子生物学
·
农学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE
·
2025
·
IF 3.8
Jiulong Wang,Wenjing Yuan,Xinying Duan,Wuxiong Wang,Jie Song,Shangxing Chen,Hai Luo,Ji Zhang,Zongde Wang,Shengliang Liao,Hongyan Si
BACKGROUND Pear anthracnose, caused by Colletotrichum fructicola , is a highly destructive disease that inflicts substantial economic losses worldwide. However, current antifungal agents mainly target known target proteins, and long-term use leads to increased resistance of C. fructicola . Thus, developing multitargeted antifungal agents based on new targets is an effective way to solve the problem of drug resistance. RESULTS Twenty camphor derivatives containing thiosemicarbazide groups were synthesized and evaluated for antifungal activity against C. fructicola . Among them, compound 1a [median effective concentration (EC 50 ) = 3.76 mg L −1 ] exhibited the strongest antifungal activity, superior to kresoxim-methyl (EC 50 = 9.69 mg L −1 ). The in vivo antifungal test demonstrated that 1a had better protective and curative effects against pear anthracnose than kresoxim-methyl. The toxicity results showed that 1a exhibited low toxicity to LO2 and HEK293 cell lines. Mechanistically, 1a can destroy hyphae morphology and cell ultrastructure, increase cell membrane permeability, affect the normal expression pathway of soluble proteins and destroy the normal metabolic function of phospholipase C. Additionally, the laccase inhibitory activity results showed that 1a [Median inhibitory concentration (IC 50 ) = 7.14 mg L −1 ) had stronger laccase inhibitory activity than cysteine (IC 50 = 23.99 mg L −1 ). Furthermore, molecular docking studies showed that 1a interacted with laccase by forming hydrogen bonds with amino acid residues ASP444 and ARG442. CONCLUSION This study showed that compound 1a can serve as a promising multitarget fungicide candidate for controlling C. fructicola , with its targets at least including the cell membrane and laccase of the C. fructicola . © 2025 Society of Chemical Industry.
研究领域:
农业化学
·
植物病理学
·
杀菌剂开发
·
药物化学
·
分子生物学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
CHEMISTRY & BIODIVERSITY
·
2026
·Vol. 23
·期 8
·e71542
·
IF 2.9
Min Xiao,Haowen Huang,Dagen Wang,Lili Yao,Shengliang Liao,Jie Song,Rong Zeng,Shangxing Chen
To develop citral‐based botanical fungicides, 112 previously reported derivatives across 5 series were evaluated in vitro against Colletotrichum fructicola . SAR analysis identified the citral‐thiourea series as the most potent group, with 3‐methoxy derivative c18 showing the highest intraseries activity. Notably, intermediates d (EC 50 = 0.7474 mg/L, EC 90 = 6.0319 mg/L) and g (EC 50 = 0.1073 mg/L, EC 90 = 0.6244 mg/L) demonstrated exceptional efficacy, significantly outperforming commercial chlorothalonil (EC 50 = 1.4382 mg/L, EC 90 = 268.5969 mg/L), with intermediate g emerging as the most potent compound overall. A predictive QSAR model was successfully constructed ( R 2 = 0.8345), revealing that lower polarity, enhanced electronic stability of carbon–hydrogen bonds, higher localized solvation energy, and minimized steric hindrance favor antifungal potency. Furthermore, MTT assays confirmed that derivative g exhibits low cytotoxicity toward human liver and kidney cells, substantially lower than raw citral. This work provides a solid theoretical framework for designing highly active inhibit C. fructicola agents. A library of 112 previously reported citral derivatives is screened to identify potent botanical fungicides against Colletotrichum fructicola . A predictive QSAR model ( R 2 = 0.8345) decrypts structural pathways, elegantly balancing global transmembrane transport with localized target anchoring. Providing exceptional efficacy and low cytotoxicity, these insights offer a definitive blueprint for the next‐generation green pesticides.
✓ 已验证
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
Microorganisms
·
2024
·Vol. 12
·期 12
·2386
·
IF 4.1
Ping Li,Xue Dai,Siyi Wang,Qian Luo,Qingqing Tang,Zijing Xu,Weiguo Zhao,Fuan Wu
Mulberry is an important economic crop in China that is widely planted and has important edible and medicinal value. Anthracnose, a critical leaf disease, severely compromises the yield and quality of mulberry trees. However, there are many kinds of pathogens causing mulberry anthracnose and it is difficult to control. This study was undertaken to elucidate the biological characteristics ofColletotrichum fructicola, the pathogen responsible for mulberry leaf spot in Zhejiang Province, and to screen out effective fungicides for its management. The biological characteristics of the pathogen were studied using the cross method and spore counting method, while the sensitivity of the pathogen to seven different fungicides was determined using the growth rate method. The findings indicated that potato dextrose agar (PDA) is the optimal growth medium for the pathogen. The pathogen was capable of growing across a temperature range of 5 to 40 °C, with optimum growth observed at 25 °C. Exposure to a 56 °C water bath for 10 min resulted in the death of the pathogen. It was also found to grow and sporulate within a pH range of 4 to 12, with an optimum pH of 7. Under alternating 12 h light and dark cycles, the colonies grew rapidly and produced abundant spores. Among the fungicides tested, 97% carbendazim WP exhibited the best inhibitory effect, with an EC50(concentration for 50% of maximal effect) value of 0.0242 μg/mL. This was followed by 35% propiconazole SC, which had an EC50of 0.4180 μg/mL. The fungicidal effect of 25 g/L fludioxonil SSCC was relatively poor, with an EC50value of 103.0170 μg/mL. This study clarifies the optimal conditions for the growth and sporulation of the mulberry anthracnose pathogen and identifies fungicides with effective inhibitory properties. These findings will provide valuable guidance for field applications and disease management in controlling mulberry anthracnose.
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF PLANT GROWTH REGULATION
·
2022
·Vol. 42
·期 3
·1558-1566
·
IF 4.64
Zhang Lan,Zhang Zheng,Ahammed Golam Jalal,Wang Xiaorong,Fang Huihan,Yan Peng,Zhang Li-Ping,Ge Shibei,Fu Jianyu,Han Wen-Yan,Li Xin
Brassinosteroids (BRs) are steroid-type phytohormones that not only control growth and development but also responses to biotic and abiotic stressors in plants. However, little is known about the function of BRs in the protection of tea against the fungal pathogen Colletotrichum fructicola causing anthracnose disease. Here, we revealed that 24-epibrassinolide (EBR) could improve tea resistance against C. fructicola , which was linked to the EBR-induced accumulation of lignin in tea leaves. Time-course of the relative expression of ITS/Cs18SrDNA showed that its expression increased after the inoculation with C. fructicola ; however, EBR pretreatment significantly decreased the ITS/Cs18SrDNA expression at 3, 24 and 96 h postinoculation. Following an initial increase in 3 h postinoculation, lignin content significantly decreased from 6 to 24 h postinoculation with C. fructicola . In contrast to inoculation with only C. fructicola , exogenous EBR pretreatment significantly increased lignin contents throughout the postinoculation period. According to the qRT-PCR assay, EBR and C. fructicola differentially regulated the expression of 14 genes involved in the phenylpropanoid and lignin-specific pathways. Moreover, the activity of peroxidase (POD), a central enzyme in the final phase of lignin biosynthesis increased significantly at 3 h postinoculation with EBR treatment. Gene expression analysis revealed that EBR induced CsMYB4-like expression possibly to activate the transcription of CsPOD5-like gene responsible for lignin biosynthesis in response to C. fructicola . These findings suggest that EBR plays a positive role in disease resistance by inducing lignin synthesis, which may have potential application for the prevention of C. fructicola in tea plants.
研究领域:
植物病理学
·
植物生理学
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY
·
2025
·
IF 6.2
Yongjia Cheng,Yao Chen,Jianjun Liu,Dongyang Li,Juan Zhang,Chaojie Li,Wen Yang,Zhiwei Lei
Plants release a variety of defensive volatiles in response to biotic stress. The present study examined interactions between Colletotrichum fructicola and the defense volatiles induced by this fungal species in the tea cultivar “Qiancha No. 1”. Analysis of the volatiles emitted from C. fructicola-infected leaves of “Qiancha No. 1” revealed that four volatiles showed a relative content increase of more than 2%. Fungicidal activity assays demonstrated that decanal exhibited the strongest antifungal activity among the four volatiles. Further physiological experiments demonstrated that the antifungal mechanism of decanal was associated with disruption of the cell wall and the membrane. Transcriptome analysis revealed that the genes encoding Chitinase 1, chitin synthase 1, and endochitinase42 were identified as potential targets that may be involved in cell wall degradation by decanal. Additionally, genes encoding cytochrome P450-DIT2 and multidrug resistance protein fer6 were identified as potential targets that may be associated with membrane damage. This study is the first to demonstrate that decanal acts as a direct defense volatile in the interaction between C. fructicola and “Qiancha No. 1,” highlighting its potential as an effective antifungal agent.
研究领域:
植物学
·
分子生物学
·
真菌学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY
·
2025
·
IF 6.2
Xiaoyi Pan,Hongyan Si,Yongqi Zhang,Hanyue Huang,Suhua Yuan,Wuxiong Wang,Wenjing Yuan,Ji Zhang,Jie Song,Shangxing Chen,Shengliang Liao,Zongde Wang
The citral-based acylthiourea derivative e14 was identified as a potent synergist for chlorothalonil (CT) against Colletotrichum fructicola. The optimized mixture (ECS, 25% e14) exhibited strong synergistic activity (synergistic ratio (SR) = 2.30), significantly enhancing disease control efficacy while enabling reduced fungicide dosage. Mechanistic studies revealed that e14 specifically targets mitochondrial complex I by binding to the NADH dehydrogenase subunit 5 (ND5), thereby disrupting oxidative phosphorylation and inducing energy depletion and oxidative stress. This distinct mode of action differs from that of CT, minimizing the risk of cross-resistance. Importantly, e14 exhibits low mammalian cytotoxicity. This study elucidates the synergistic mechanism of ECS and the enhancing role of e14, thereby providing a solid foundation for the development of effective fungicide synergists.
研究领域:
植物病理学
·
真菌生物学
·
农业化学
·
农药科学
·
线粒体生物学
✓ 已验证
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
危险品化学品经营许可证（带存储）