PLANTA MEDICA
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2014
·Vol. 80
·期 13
·1107-1112
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IF 2.339
Yu-xia Mei,Wei Yang,Pei-xin Zhu,Nan Peng,Hai Zhu,Yun-xiang Liang
A novel heteroglycan, Cordyceps sinensis polysaccharide 1 (molecular weight 1 17 × 105 Da), was isolated and purified from mycelia of the fungus C. sinensis obtained by solid-state culture. Structural characterization by chemical analysis, GC-MS, FTIR, and NMR spectroscopy showed that C. sinensis polysaccharide 1 was mainly composed of (1 → 6)-linked α-D-Glc and α-D-Gal, with minor β-(1 → 4)-D-Xyl and β-(1 → 4)-D-Man residues probably located in the side chains with a trace amount of α-(1 → 3)-L-Rha residue. In biological assays, C. sinensis polysaccharide 1 significantly inhibited proliferation of sarcoma 180 cells and induced apoptosis in a dose-dependent manner. Further studies will elucidate the antitumor mechanism of C. sinensis polysaccharide 1 and promote its utilization for the development of novel, effective anticancer drugs.
研究领域:
药理学
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生物化学
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肿瘤学
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产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
Chinese Herbal Medicines
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2023
·
IF 3.8
Zhonghua Dong,Xiao Sun
Objective Artificial Cordyceps sinensis powder has been used as clinical drug and healthy food to nourish the lung and kidney, which solves the problem of serious shortage of wild C. sinensis . This study aims to explore the chemical components and compared their anti-fibrotic effects in artificial C. sinensis . Methods Nucleosides, sterols and polysaccharides were separated and purified from artificial C. sinensis , and analyzed by high performance liquid chromatography, gas chromatography-mass spectrometry and chemical chromogenic methods, respectively. In high glucose-induced rat mesangial cell models, fibronectin and type 1 collagen were used as evaluation indicators. Results There were 10 kinds of nucleosides and one sterol in artificial C. sinensis . The contents of nucleosides, sterols and polysaccharides in the artificial C. sinensis were close to 2%, 0.55% and 4.4%, respectively. Furthermore, nucleoside, sterol and polysaccharide components exhibited varying degrees of anti-fibrotic activity. The nucleoside components and sterol components inhibited the expression of extracellular matrix more effectively in the three main components. Conclusion Artificial C. sinensis remains the similar compounds with the wild C. sinensis , and nucleosides and sterols may be the main active substances that contribute to its anti-fibrotic effects. The project of this study may provide valuable information on further optimization of more effective remedies with few side effects based on artificial C. sinensis .
研究领域:
药理学
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药物化学
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细胞生物学
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产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
Frontiers in Chemistry
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2022
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IF 5.545
Liu Qian-Bao,Lu Jing-Guang,Jiang Zhi-Hong,Zhang Wei,Li Wen-Jia,Qian Zheng-Ming,Bai Li-Ping
Time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry (TOF-SIMS) is a sensitive surface analytical technology, which can simultaneously acquire diverse chemical components and their precise locations on the surfaces of samples without any requirements for chemical damage pretreatments or additional matrices. Commonly, the quality control of TCMs (traditional Chinese medicines) is limited by the qualitative and quantitative evaluations of the specifically extractive constituents. In this study, a practical sample preparation strategy named two-layered media embedding sample preparation was developed to obtain ideal freezing sections of dried materials of Cordyceps sinensis. Meanwhile, the well-established sample preparation method was applied for in situ chemical profiling and imaging of natural (NCS) and cultured Cordyceps sinensis (CCS) by using TOF-SIMS. More than 200 components were tentatively identified and imaged in NCS and CCS at the same time. Mass spectrometry imaging revealed that most components have even distributions in caterpillars of Cordyceps sinensis, while TAGs, DAGs, MAGs, and FAs only have distributions outside caterpillars’ digestive chambers. This is the first time that components were in situ imaged for Cordyceps sinensis to exhibit the chemical distributions which have never been achieved by other analytical techniques so far. In addition, chemometrics was used to simplify and explain the massive TOF-SIMS mass data sets, which revealed the high chemical similarity between CCS and NCS. Furthermore, the relative quantification of TOF-SIMS data showed that CCS has comparable proportions of amino acids, nucleosides, monosaccharides, sphingolipids, sterols and other principles to NCS except for fatty acids, glycerides and glycerophospholipids. The higher amounts of TAGs and DAGs in CCS were confirmed by quantitative 1H-NMR, indicating reliable relative quantification of TOF-SIMS. In general, our research developed a novel approach of TOF-SIMS for in situ chemical analysis of TCMs, and its successful application in comparative study of CCS and NCS suggested that TOF-SIMS is an advanced and promising analytical technology for the research of TCMs.
研究领域:
分析化学
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中药学
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生物化学
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DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL MACROMOLECULES
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2018
·
IF 3.909
Ang-Xin Song,Yu-Heng Mao,Ka-Chai Siu,Jian-Yong Wu
The bifidogenic effects of exopolysaccharide (EPS) of a medicinal fungus ( Cordyceps sinensis ) and a well-known food polysaccharide konjac glucomannan (KGM) with different molecular weight (MW) ranges were evaluated through in vitro experiments in liquid cultures of Bifidobacteria . Native EPS and KGM were partially degraded with power ultrasound (US) to improve the water solubility, and further hydrolysed with trifluoroacetic acid to much lower MW. The acid-hydrolysed fractions (EPS-AH and KGM-AH) supported the growth of all five tested bifidobacterial species, while the US-degraded high MW fractions, EPS-US and KGM-US, could only slightly support the growth of some species. All EPS fractions increased the acetic acid production of most bifidobacterial species. Most remarkably, the high MW EPS-US, EPS-AH and KGM-US fractions significantly enhanced the cell viability with much higher colony forming unit (CFU) counts, suggesting a protective effect of these high MW polysaccharides for the bacterial survival . The results have shown that MW was a significant factor on the bifidogenic properties of partially degraded EPS and KGM.
研究领域:
微生物学
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食品科学
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生物化学
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产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL MACROMOLECULES
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2017
·
IF 3.671
Yidong Xiao,Qilin Huang,Zhaomin Zheng,Han Guan,Shiyu Liu
A Cordyceps sinensis exopolysaccharide (EPS)-conjugated selenium nanoparticles (SeNPs) were successfully constructed through the reduction of SeO 3 2− . The EPS-SeNPs were characterized in terms of formation, morphology, size, Se distribution and phase by UV–vis, FT-IR, transmission electron microscopy (TEM), dynamic light scattering (DLS), energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) and wide angle X-ray diffraction (WAXD) measurements. Results revealed that the SeNPs conjugated to EPS were amorphous and could be well dispersed at a size range of 80–125 nm. The interactions between the OH groups of EPS and SeNPs substituted for intermolecular interaction in native EPS to form new C O⋯Se bonds, resulting in good dispersion of SeNPs in the EPS matrix. Besides, the EPS-SeNPs at different Se/P ratios exhibited significant scavenging ability on superoxide anion radical (O 2 − ) and ABTS radical cation (ABTS + ) when compared to pure EPS, indicating that the conjugated SeNPs reinforced antioxidant effect of EPS. This work not only provides a simple and efficient way to construct well-dispersed SeNPs in aqueous system, and demonstrates the vital role of the EPS as a biopolymer template for dispersion, stabilization and size control of SeNPs, but also finds the EPS-SeNPs can potentially serve as a good antioxidant towards O 2 − and ABTS + .
研究领域:
生物化学
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纳米生物学
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食品科学
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产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF FOOD COMPOSITION AND ANALYSIS
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2025
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IF 4.6
Wenqing Li,Baoqing Wen,Kunxia Lin,Wenjia Li,Zhengming Qian
Adenosine is a key quality marker for the valuable fungus Cordyceps sinensis ( C. sinensis ). This study presents the first HPLC-based method for quantifying the activities and kinetic parameters of two adenosine-metabolizing enzymes—nucleotidase and adenosine deaminase—in C. sinensis . The enzyme extraction protocols, reaction systems, and assay procedures were optimized. Water was selected as the extraction solvent to preserve native enzymatic activity. Nucleotidase exhibited optimal activity at pH 6 and 35°C, while adenosine deaminase showed optimal activity at pH 8 and 45°C, revealing distinct catalytic profiles. Adenosine deaminase exhibited superior thermostability compared to nucleotidase. Kinetic analysis revealed that nucleotidase had a Michaelis constant of 0.24 µmol·mL -1 and a maximum reaction rate of 7.92 µmol·L -1 ·min -1 , while adenosine deaminase showed corresponding values of 0.14 µmol·mL⁻¹ and 0.61 µmol·L⁻¹·min⁻¹. Method validation confirmed the reliability of the analytical system. Source-tracing analysis revealed that nucleotidase originated primarily from the fungal component, whereas adenosine deaminase was exclusively derived from the host larva and detected only in insect tissues. Therefore, adenosine deaminase activity serves as a reliable marker for distinguishing insect-free fungus from fungus-insect complex. These findings provide a scientific basis for optimizing adenosine accumulation and improving the quality control and management of C. sinensis .
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产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL MACROMOLECULES
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2018
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IF 3.909
Song-Tao Fan,Shao-Ping Nie,Xiao-Jun Huang,Sunan Wang,Jie-Lun Hu,Jun-Hua Xie,Qi-Xing Nie,Ming-Yong Xie
In vivo an ecological network of polysaccharides utilization by gut microbiota is not only an intense competition but also an impressive cooperation pattern. The present study evaluated the in vivo protective effect of combined fungal polysaccharides (CFP) from Cordyceps sinensis and Ganoderma atrum on colon immune dysfunction, induced by 150 mg/kg cyclophosphamide (CP). The results showed that C. sinensis polysaccharides (CSP) significantly promoted microbial-derived butyrate to improve histone h3 acetylation mediating regulatory T (Treg) cell specific Foxp3, as well as significantly restored CP-induced elevation of interleukin (IL)-17 and IL-21. Additionally, G. atrum polysaccharides (PSG) significantly down-regulated MyD88, as well as significantly increased IL-10 and TGF-β3. Furthermore, CFP balanced the disequilibrium of cytokines secretion and Foxp3/RORγt ratio related Treg/T helper 17 (Th17) balance, as well as down-regulated the TLR-mediated inflammatory signaling pathway and promoted secretory immunoglobulin A (sIgA) secretion to suppress colonic inflammation. Therefore, our results typically contribute to understand the in vivo immunoregulatory function of fungal polysaccharides compounds, involving microbial-associated inflammatory signals and specific metabolic products.
研究领域:
免疫学
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药理学
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微生物学
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分子生物学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
Brazilian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences
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2020
·
IF 0.814
Guan Jiao,Han Liqin,Shi Nianqiu,Zhu Heyun,Wang Junmin
Docetaxel-loaded acetic acid conjugated Cordyceps sinensis polysaccharide (DTX-AA-CSP) nanoparticles were prepared through dialysis and their release rates in vitro, particle sizes, zeta potentials, drug loading capacities, and encapsulation efficiencies were characterized for the synthesis of AA-modified CSPs from traditional Chinese medicine Cordyceps sinensis (Berk.) Sacc. Then, the AA-modified CSPs were characterized by 1H-NMR and FT-IR. Furthermore, the biocompatibility of the delivery carrier (AA-CSP nanoparticles) was assessed on human umbilical vein endothelial cells. In vitro antitumor activity studies on DTX-AA-CSP nanoparticles were conducted on the human liver (HepG2) and colon cancer cells (SW480). The DTX-AA-CSP nanoparticles were spherical and had an average size of 98.91±0.29 nm and zeta potential within the −19.75±1.13 mV. The encapsulation efficiency and loading capacity were 80.95%±0.43% and 8.09%±0.04%, respectively. In vitro, DTX from the DTX-AA-CSP nanoparticles exhibited a sustained release, and the anticancer activities of DTX-AA-CSP nanoparticles against SW480 and HepG2 were significantly higher than those of marketed docetaxel injection (Taxotere®) in nearly all the tested concentrations. The AA-CSP nanoparticles showed good biocompatibility. This study provided a promising biocompatible delivery system for carrying antitumor drugs for cancer therapy.
研究领域:
药剂学
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肿瘤学
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生物医学工程
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产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
MOLECULES
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2019
·Vol. 24
·期 22
·4119
·
IF 3.06
Zhonghua Dong,Yueyue Sun,Guangwei Wei,Siying Li,Zhongxi Zhao
Cordyceps Sinensis, a traditional Chinese medicine and a healthy food, has been used for the treatment of kidney disease for a long time. The aim of present study was to isolate a nucleoside/nucleobase-rich extract fromCordyceps Sinensis(CS-N), determine the contents of nucleosides and nucleobases, and explore its anti-diabetic nephropathy activity. CS-N was isolated and purified by using microporous resin and glucan columns and the unknown compounds were identified by using HPLC-DAD and LC-MS. The effects of CS-N on the epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT), extracellular matrix (ECM) depositions, and the MAPK signaling pathway were evaluated in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic mice and high glucose (HG)-exposed HK-2 cells. CS-N significantly attenuated the abnormity of renal functional parameters, ameliorated histopathological changes, and inhibited EMT and ECM accumulation by regulating p38/ERK signaling pathways. Our findings indicate that CS-N exerts a therapeutic effect on experimental diabetic renal fibrosis by mitigating the EMT and the subsequent ECM deposition with inhibition of p38 and ERK signaling pathways.Keywords:nucleosides and nucleobases;diabetic nephropathy;HK-2 cells;extracellular matrix;epithelial–mesenchymal transition
研究领域:
药理学
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肾病学
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分子生物学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
CARBOHYDRATE POLYMERS
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2016
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IF 4.219
Ting Hu,Chenbo Jiang,Qilin Huang,Fengyuan Sun
An exopolysaccharide (EPS) was fractionated from fermentation media of a Cordyceps sinensis fungus (Cs-HK1) by ethanol precipitation at 2/5 volume ratio of ethanol/media. Its structural characteristics were elucidated by FT-IR, GC, GC–MS, 1D and 2D NMR combined with periodate oxidation, Smith degradation, partial acid hydrolysis, and methylation analysis. Furthermore, the immunomodulatory activity of EPS was evaluated by the model of cyclophosphamide-induced immunosuppression. The results from monosaccharide composition and partial acid hydrolysis indicated that EPS almost consisted of glucose excluding a trace amount of mannose . GC–MS and NMR analysis further confirmed EPS had a linear backbone of (1→3)-β- d -glucopyranosyl residues with a single (1→6)-β- d -glucopyranosyl side-branching unit for every three β- d -glucopyranosyl residues, showing a comb-like β- d -glucan with short and intensive branches, which was responsible for high viscosity. Moreover, EPS could significantly enhance immune organs and stimulate the release of major cytokines TNF-α and INF-γ, suggesting that EPS exhibited protective effect in immunocompromised mice.
研究领域:
微生物学
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免疫学
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药理学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL MACROMOLECULES
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2023
·
IF 8.2
Xiao Zhang,Yidong Xiao,Qilin Huang
This wok investigated the effects of Cordyceps sinensis exopolysaccharide‑selenium nanoparticles (EPS-SeNPs), EPS-Se-1, EPS-Se-2, EPS-Se-3, and EPS-Se-4) with particle sizes (79–124 nm) and Se contents (20.11–40.80 μg/mg) on endocytosis and antitumor activity against human hepatocellular carcinoma (HepG2) cells and revealed the apoptosis-related mechanisms. EPS-SeNPs inhibited HepG2 cells proliferation in a dose and Se content-dependent manner by disrupting cell membrane and mitochondrial integrity, promoting reactive oxygen species production. EPS-SeNPs were endocytosed by HepG2 cells through a clathrin-mediated pathway and followed the quasi-first-order kinetics model, indicating physical adsorption played a dominant role in cellular uptake behavior of EPS-SeNPs. Notably, EPS-Se-3 with the lowest particle size (79 nm) showed the highest antitumor activity and the strongest ability to promote cell apoptosis. Western blotting results revealed that EPS-Se-3 increased expressions of Bax, Cytochrome c, cleaved caspase-9, cleaved caspase-3, Fas, p53, and cleaved caspase-8, while decreased the expressions of Bcl-2 and PARP, as contrast to that of control. Overall, EPS-SeNPs induced cell apoptosis through intrinsic mitochondria-mediated and extrinsic death receptor-mediated pathways.
研究领域:
药理学
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肿瘤学
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纳米技术
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细胞生物学
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产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
Current Pharmaceutical Analysis
·
2024
·Vol. 20
·期 8
·907-919
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IF 0.7
Wenhao Wang,Qinggui Lei,Chuanxi Wang,Qi Huang,Zhengming Qian
IntroductionCordyceps sinensis, a renowned traditional Chinese medicinal substance, contains pharmacologically beneficial compounds, including γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA), necessitating efficient analytical methods for quality assessment. This study aims to develop a rapid, cost-effective, and eco-friendly liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC–MS/MS) method for GABA quantification in Cordyceps sinensis and its related species. The objective is to enhance the quality control standards within the Cordyceps sinensis industry and for those of its related species.MethodsThe study innovated a swift analytical procedure. Optimal conditions were determined through systematic evaluations of extraction solvents, durations, and chromatographic settings, prioritizing speed and solvent minimization.ResultsThe proposed LC–MS/MS method achieved precise quantification of GABA in a reduced time frame and significantly lowered solvent consumption, enhancing method efficiency by 22-fold compared to reported LC methods. The method exhibited robustness and scored the highest blue applicability grade index score, underscoring its suitability for academic and industrial applicaition.ConclusionThe validated LC–MS/MS approach offers a sustainable avenue for the rapid and accurate measurement of GABA in Cordyceps sinensis and its related species, improving the quality control process and ensuring product authenticity. This method stands out as a model for green analytical chemistry, propelling forward the eco-friendly analytical evaluation of health-related compounds.
研究领域:
中药学
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分析化学
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环境科学
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
危险品化学品经营许可证（带存储）