Mengke Liu,Yingnan Zhao,Huawang Zhao,Xianghui Li,Yuhan Ma,Xin Yong,Hong Chen,Yongdan Li
A number of M-Cu-ZSM-5 (M = La, Ni, La-Ni) samples were prepared via an aqueous solution ion-exchange method. The co-doping with Ni and La into a Cu-ZSM-5 catalyst enhanced the NO decomposition activity in a temperature range 350–550 °C. The characterization results indicate that doping with La effectively improved the dispersion of the Cu species forming more Cu 2+ ions in the sample, while the effect of Ni is likely to facilitate the implantation of Cu 2+ to form (Cu 2+ -O 2– -Cu 2+ ) 2+ dimers. The synergistic effect of La and Ni contributes to the increased (Cu 2+ -O 2− -Cu 2+ ) 2+ content in the co-doped sample, thus enhancing the NO decomposition activity.
A heterogeneous catalyst (Cu/ZSM-5) was prepared by a metal-organic chemical vapor deposition (MOCVD) method under nitrogen atmosphere using Cu(acac) 2 as the copper precursor, and further characterized by XRD , AAS , SEM, BET, H 2 -TPR and XPS as well as catalytic activity performance for the oxidation of toluene. N 2 adsorption data revealed that the samples (CVD-4) prepared by MOCVD with calcination at 500 °C for 4 h possessed higher surface areas than that (CVD-BC) not calcined. The results of XPS demonstrated that CVD-4 exhibited higher redox property and more surface oxygen species compared with CVD-BC and IM (Cu/ZSM-5 catalyst prepared by impregnation). In particular, the CVD-4 catalysts prepared by MOCVD with calcinations showed the highest catalytic activity for toluene oxidation with 90% conversion of toluene at 293 °C with the feed concentration of 1000 ppm and GHSV of 15,000 h −1 , which was lower than IM (310 °C). The results of a reaction durability test revealed that the Cu/ZSM-5 catalysts prepared by MOCVD possessed excellent durability for toluene oxidation for 63 h, while the conversion of toluene fell down from 90% to 60% after 48 h over IM catalyst.
Cu-ZSM-5 catalysts were prepared by chemical vapour deposition for catalytic wet peroxide oxidation (CWPO) of phenol in a fixed bed reactor. Firstly, Cu-ZSM-5 catalysts with Cu loading of 0.5, 2, and 6 wt% were prepared and characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), N2 adsorption–desorption and X-ray photoelectron spectra (XPS). The characterization results demonstrated that CuO was uniformly dispersed on ZSM-5 with slight effect on the structure properties of the support. Then, several variables, such as the copper loading, reaction temperature, catalyst bed height and feed flow rate were investigated in the CWPO of phenol in aqueous solution at high concentration (1000 ppm). Compared with the catalyst prepared by the impregnation method, the Cu-ZSM-5 prepared by chemical vapour deposition has a better capacity of further oxidizing the intermediate organic products into carbon dioxide and water with less metal loading. Based on the Cu-ZSM-5 catalyst with Cu loading of 6 wt%, complete removal of phenol and a high TOC reduction (around 70%) have been achieved at the temperature of 80°C feed flow rate of 2 ml min−1 and catalyst bed height of 3 cm. Moreover, this catalyst maintained high catalytic activity after three runs with high phenol conversion (94%) under this optimum operating condition. Finally, the reaction mechanism was studied based on the intermediates detected by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC).
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