There are inorganic salts in glyphosate production liquor and natural water bodies coexisting with glyphosate. It is imperative to develop a salt-tolerant adsorbent for glyphosate in water. Industrial D113 resin undergone two-step transformation to optimize the preparation of D113 in-situ loaded with Fe 3+ (D113-Fe 3+ ) as salt-resistance glyphosate adsorbent. The loading amount of Fe 3+ on D113-Fe 3+ is 3.5 mmol/g. The adsorption mechanism revealed that Fe 3+ in D113-Fe 3+ formed Fe-O-P bond with the phosphonate group of glyphosate. At 293 K, the maximum complex ratio of the adsorbed glyphosate to Fe 3+ in D113-Fe 3+ was 2.4:1. At 293 K, the remarkable saturated glyphosate adsorption capacity of D113-Fe 3+ reached 1420.2 mg/g. In pK 2 state of glyphosate, D113-Fe 3+ featured its maximum adsorption capacity at the zero charge point 2.43 of D113-Fe 3+ and 293 K. In glyphosate solution coexisting 0–16 % NaCl, D113-Fe 3+ exhibited stable glyphosate adsorption capacity and salt-resistance compared with D201, D301 and 330 resin. The endothermic and spontaneous adsorption of glyphosate on D113-Fe 3+ can fit Freundlich model and pseudo-second-order model. 2 mol/L NH 3 ·H 2 O, 2 mol/L FeCl 3 and 2 mol/L H 2 SO 4 could all regenerate D113-Fe 3+ . The characteristics of salt-resistance and the remarkable saturated adsorption capacity made D113-Fe 3+ comparable to all reported glyphosate adsorbents.
A novel 3-lauramide propyl ester-4-amino-1,2,4-triazole-5-thione modified polyacrylic acid resin (LmPATT-reD113), comprising a bi-ligand amide-based triazole-thione moiety and a carboxylic acid moiety, was prepared and employed for the effective removal of Cu(II) from wastewater. The adsorption experiments demonstrated that the maximum adsorption capacity of LmPATT-reD113 for Cu (II) was 191.94 mg/g, which was 3.03 times higher than that of the polyacrylic acid resin (D113). LmPATT-reD113 and D113 had penetration times of 200 and 150 min, and equilibrium times of 1000 and 675 min, respectively. Column adsorption results showed LmPATT-reD113 outperformed D113. After four adsorption–desorption cycles, LmPATT-reD113 maintained superior performance with a desorption efficiency of 93.23 %. The adsorption kinetics and thermodynamics showed that LmPATT-reD113 to Cu(II) followed the pseudo-second-order kinetic and Langmuir isotherm models, with Δ H , Δ S , and Δ G values of 24.836 kJ/mol, 102.187 J/(mol·K) and −3.092kJ/mol at 298.15 K, respectively. Moreover, the adsorption mechanism was investigated using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and density-functional theory (DFT), the results showed that the affinity of LmPATT-reD113 for Cu(II) mainly originated from the formation of five-membered rings by C=S and C–N complexed with Cu(II) and the formation of porous structure by O=C–NH molecules through intermolecular hydrogen bonding to promote the adsorption of copper.
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