Sibo Zhao,Dan Xiu,Min Zhang,Yao Wang,Miao Qiu,Christopher D. Snow,Yanxin Wang,Laurence A. Belfiore,Jianguo Tang
In this study, a highly sensitive anticancer drug sensor was synthesized using DNA crystals loaded with luminescent Ln 3+ (Eu 3+ /Tb 3+ ) complexes. The sensors exhibited a pronounced color transformation property due to the differential quenching of Eu 3+ and Tb 3+ emissions upon drug interactions. These luminescent hybrid DNA crystals present a significant advancement in sensing anticancer drugs like curcumin, transitioning from monitoring fluorescence intensity changes to a visually discernable color change. This new approach eliminates the need for specialized instrumentation. Owing to the intrinsic biocompatibility of materials composed of DNA, this hybrid sensor has the potential to sense drugs within the human body. Hybrid crystals loaded with a single complex will lose their fluorescence properties due to drug quenching; however, crystals loaded with mixed complexes emit distinct fluorescent colors, such as yellow-green and orange-red, at different drug concentrations. This color transformation allows for the direct determination of drug concentration based on crystal color, making the sensing process more simple and easily observable.
Herein, we synthesized snowflake-like DNA crystals (SDC) via hybridization chain reaction and used it for the first time in the synthesis of copper nanoclusters with enhanced fluorescence. Atomic force microscopy (AFM) and laser confocal microscopy characterization confirmed that SDC/CuNCs are self-assembled successfully on SDC. Aggregation induced emission allows SDC/CuNCs to exhibit better stability and stronger emission intensity. Thus, we developed the “turn-on” label-free fluorescence detection method of actin based on SDC/CuNCs which offer simplicity, low cost, good selectivity , and high sensitivity. The detection limit was determined to be 0.0124 μg mL −1 , which was an order of magnitude lower than that of reported fluorescent methods (0.12 μg mL −1 ). Compared with previous method, the linear range is also much wider. We also performed standard recovery experiments in actual samples for evaluating the practicality of this strategy and proved that the capability of the proposed approach for the determination of actin is feasible and the interference from complex biological samples is negligible. These results indicate that SDC/CuNCs are expected to play a more important role in the field of biosensors .
Dan Xiu,Sibo Zhao,Zhenhua Li,Yanan Xu,Yao Wang,Zhijun Zhu,Min Zhang,Christopher D. Snow,Laurence A. Belfiore,Jianguo Tang
In this work, a designed porous DNA crystal with high intrinsic biocompatibility was used as the scaffold material to load fluorescent guest molecules to detect anti-cancer drugs. It is shown here that the synthesized crystals have the characteristics consistent with the designed large solvent channels, and can therefore accommodate guest molecules such as fluorescent proteins that cannot be accommodated by less porous crystals. Eu(TTA)3phen and Tb(acac)3phen lanthanide complexes were individually noncovalently loaded into the porous crystals, resulting in hybrid luminescent DNA crystals. Emodin, an anti-cancer, anti-tumor, anti-inflammatory drug, was found to quench lanthanide complexes in solution or in crystals. Notably, emodin is the active ingredient of Lianhua Qingwen Capsule, an anti-COVID-19 drug candidate. Therefore, the porous DNA crystals reported here have potential applications as a biocompatible and theranostic delivery biomaterial for functional macromolecules.
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