Bactericidal mechanism of glutaraldehyde‐didecyldimethylammonium bromide as a disinfectant against Escherichia coli
AimsThis study focuses on the bactericidal mechanism of the new combination of disinfectant glutaraldehyde‐didecyldimethylammonium bromide (GA‐DDAB) against Escherichia coli.Methods and ResultsEscherichia coli were exposed to GA‐DDAB, and assays for cell morphology, K+ and Ca2+ leakage, H+‐ATPase activity and DNA degradation were performed. GA‐DDAB damaged the cell wall and disrupted cell‐membrane integrity. Leakage of K+ and Ca2+ increased, resulting in significantly lower intracellular concentrations within 60 min of treatment. In addition, H+‐ATPase was inactivated and DNA was degraded.ConclusionsLeakage of intracellular components indicated that GA‐DDAB damaged the cell membrane of E. coli. This may have caused the observed disruption in equilibria of metal ions, inactivation of H+‐ATPase, and DNA damage.Significance and Impact of the StudyUsing a low concentration of GA and DDAB, a new combination disinfectant was developed. GA‐DDAB displayed higher antimicrobial activity than treatment with GA or DDAB alone. Therefore, GA‐DDAB may be a more cost‐effective and efficient antimicrobial agent than others in use today. Furthermore, this study provided a paradigm for developing high‐efficiency disinfectant to help address the growing problem of bacterial resistance.
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