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Identification and Functional Characterization of the Transcription Factors AhR/ARNT in Dendroctonus armandi

Bin Liu,Hui Chen

The aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) and aryl hydrocarbon receptor nuclear translocator (ARNT) belong to the bHLH-PAS (basic Helix–Loop–Helix–Period/ARNT/Single-minded) family of transcription factors, which participate in the sensing and transmitting stimuli of exogenous and endogenous chemical substances, and subsequently activates genes transcription involved in various detoxification and physiological functions. However, they have not been identified inDendroctonus armandi,and their roles in the detoxification metabolism are unclear. In the present study,AhRandARNTofD. armandiwere characterized. Spatiotemporal expression profiling indicated thatDaAhRandDaARNTwere highly expressed in the adult and larval stages ofD. armandiand mainly expressed in the midgut and Malpighian tubules of adults. Additionally, the expression ofDaAhRandDaARNTsignificantly increased after exposure to (−)-?-pinene, (+)-3-carene, and (±)-limonene. SilencingDaAhRandDaARNTincreased the susceptibility ofD. armandito (−)-?-pinene, (+)-3-carene, and (±)-limonene, and the activities of detoxification enzyme were also remarkably reduced. Moreover,DaCYP6DF1andDaGSTs2were significantly down-regulated after injections ofdsAhRanddsARNTin the male and female adults, with the expression ofDaCYP6DF1decreasing by higher than 70%. The present study revealed that the transcription factorsAhRandARNTofD. armandiwere induced by terpenoids and participated in the regulation ofDaCYP6DF1 expression, which was associated withD. armandi’s susceptibility to (−)-?-pinene and (±)-limonene. These results may provide a theoretical basis for the integrated control ofD. armandiand improve our comprehension of insect toxicology.Keywords:Dendroctonus armandi;AhR;ARNT;detoxification metabolism;transcriptional regulation