ZOOLOGISCHER ANZEIGER
·
2023
·
IF 1.4
Xiaoxiao Qi,Huan Li,Xin Liu,Bohan Wang,Jiali Meng,Qi Liu,Weiwei Sun,Baoliang Pan
Dermanyssus gallinae is a hematophagous ectoparasitic mite in the poultry industry worldwide. Its current control mainly relies on spraying acaricides with many deficiencies. It's urgently needed to develop novel control approaches, such as pheromones. The pheromones are detected by chemoreceptors , which are not well investigated in D. gallinae . In the current study, Y-tube olfactometer bioassays revealed that extracts of feces of mites could attract D. gallinae , indicating aggregation pheromones existed in feces. After varnishing the tips of the foreleg tarsi, the female mites' response to feces extracts disappeared in Y-tube olfactometer bioassays. Still, their response to guanine (a non-volatile compound acting as a potential arrestment pheromone) remained in filter paper contact bioassays. These results suggested that the sensilla at tips of the foreleg tarsi had olfactory function, and the sensilla at the tips of the pedipalpal tarsi could have gustatory function and the gustatory organs were located in other body parts of female mites. Through scanning electron microscopy (SEM), it was found that adults and nymphs possess a cluster of 8 peg-like sensilla as well as 2 blunt, peg-like sensilla at the tip of each pedipalpal tarsus. Nevertheless, the larvae had only a cluster of 5 blunt peg-type sensilla. Each sensillum has a terminal pore or depression, suggesting it functions as gustatory organ. The present study confirmed the location and explored the architecture of gustatory organs of D. gallinae , which would facilitate the development of novel control method based on pheromones .
研究领域:
昆虫学
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寄生虫学
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DOI
高影响因子
VETERINARY PARASITOLOGY
·
2022
·
IF 2.821
Xiaoxiao Qi,Huan Li,Bohan Wang,Jiali Meng,Xu Wang,Weiwei Sun,Baoliang Pan
Dermanyssus gallinae , also known as the poultry red mite (PRM), is one of widespread ectoparasite in the poultry industry worldwide, causing direct and indirect detriments to poultry as well as substantial financial losses. Novel control methods are urgently needed to improve the current acaricide-based control of D. gallinae . The control approach based on arrestment pheromone is environment-friendly but the related research is limited in PRMs. In the present study we found two compounds from the mite feces acting as arrestment pheromones of D. gallinae , which could lead to mite arrestment upon contact. One is guanine, which was also found in unfed female mites’ acid-saline extract. The other is hematin. Moreover, it was found that the ferric ion of hematin played a pivotal role in stimulating the arrestment of mites. Finally, it was found the combination of guanine or/and hematin plus cypermethrin led to significantly improved mite-killing performance compared with cypermethrin, showing a promising potential of novel control method based on the arrestment pheromone.
研究领域:
昆虫学
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寄生虫学
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害虫管理
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DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
POULTRY SCIENCE
·
2024
·
IF 3.8
Xuedi Zhang,Yue Zhang,Kai Xu,Jianhua Qin,Dehe Wang,Lijun Xu,Chuanwen Wang
ABSTRACT Dermanyssus gallinae is a major hematophagous ectoparasite in layer hens. Although the acaricide β-cypermethrin has been used to control mites worldwide, D. gallinae has developed resistance to this compound. Carboxylesterases ( CarEs ) are important detoxification enzymes that confer resistance to β-cypermethrin in arthropods. However, CarEs associated with β-cypermethrin resistance in D. gallinae have not yet been functionally characterized. Here, we isolated a CarE gene ( Deg-CarE ) from D. gallinae and assayed its activity. The results revealed significantly higher expression of Deg-CarE in the β-cypermethrin-resistant strain ( RS ) than in the susceptible strain ( SS ) toward α-naphthyl acetate ( α-NA ) and β-naphthyl acetate ( β-NA ). These findings suggest that enhanced esterase activities might have contributed to β-cypermethrin resistance in D. gallinae . Quantitative real-time PCR analysis revealed that Deg-CarE expression levels were significantly higher in adults than in other life stages. Although Deg-CarE was upregulated in the RS, significant differences in gene copy numbers were not observed. Additionally, Deg-CarE expression was significantly induced by β-cypermethrin in both the SS and RS. Moreover, silencing Deg-CarE via RNA interference decreased the enzyme activity and increased the susceptibility of the RS to β-cypermethrin, confirming that Deg-CarE is crucial for β-cypermethrin detoxification. Finally, recombinant Deg-CarE ( rDeg-CarE ) expressed in Escherichia coli displayed high enzymatic activity toward α/β-NA. However, metabolic analysis indicated that rDeg-CarE did not directly metabolize β-cypermethrin. The collective findings indicate that D. gallinae resistance to β-cypermethrin is associated with elevated CarEs protein activity and increased Deg-CarE expression levels. These findings provide insights into the metabolic resistance of D. gallinae and offer scientific guidance for the management and control of D. gallinae .
研究领域:
昆虫学
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分子生物学
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害虫管理
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生物化学
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DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
PESTICIDE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY
·
2025
·
IF 4
Jing Liu,Zhengjie Wang,Shuo Yin,Zhonghao Wang,Meng Wu,Jianhua Qin,Junlong Liu,Chuanwen Wang
Dermanyssus gallinae is a significant haematophagous ectoparasite of laying hens. Despite the worldwide application of beta-cypermethrin for mite control, resistance to this compound has been developed by D. gallinae . P450s, as key detoxification enzymes involved in the metabolism of exogenous and endogenous chemical substances, have not been functionally characterized in D. gallinae . Here, the role of the P450s gene (Deg-CYP-3) of D. gallinae in acaricide resistance was studied. Firstly, P450s activities of the five beta-cypermethrin resistant strains (RR) against p-nitroanisole were significantly higher than that of the susceptible strain (RS), suggesting enhanced enzymatic activities might contribute to mite beta-cypermethrin resistance. Both mRNA expression level and DNA copy number of Deg-CYP-3 were significantly higher in RR than in RS, except for DK RR strain. Moreover, recombinant Deg-CYP-3 (rCYP-3) expressed in Escherichia coli displayed high enzymatic activity against p-nitroanisole, while Qulaton-100, acetone, isoacetone, avermectin, and ivermectin were found to inhibit this activity. Immunohistochemical analysis revealed the presence of Deg-CYP-3 protein in the digestive tract and Malpighian tubules. Finally, silencing of Deg-CYP-3 via RNAi resulted in decreased enzyme activity and increased susceptibility of PG RR strain to beta-cypermethrin, confirming that Deg-CYP-3 is crucial for beta-cypermethrin detoxification. RNAi also resulted in enhanced mortality, as well as reduced oviposition and fecundity in the PG RR strain. Collectively, these findings indicate that resistance of D. gallinae to beta-cypermethrin is associated with elevated P450s protein activity and increased Deg-CYP-3 expression levels. The results provide insights into the metabolic resistance mechanisms of D. gallinae and offer scientific guidance for the management and control of mite.
研究领域:
寄生虫学
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农药毒理学
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分子生物学
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兽医昆虫学
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生物化学
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DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
VETERINARY PARASITOLOGY
·
2024
·
IF 2
Bohan Wang,Jiali Meng,Xiaoxiao Qi,Penglong Wang,Qi Liu,Lifang Wang,Weiwei Sun,Baoliang Pan
Surface hydrophobicity of organisms provides biological self-protection. The hydrophobicity of pest surface, acting as a main obstacle for the pest control, can lead to low utilization and high loss of pesticides. Dermanyssus gallinae is a notorious pest in egg-laying hens, whose control primarily depends on acaricide spraying, while its surface hydrophobicity and potential influence on pesticide effectiveness are not clear. In the present study, the contact angle measurements revealed that the surface of D. gallinae was hydrophobic. Analysis using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) showed that the surface microstructures of D. gallinae consist of cuticular folds, with a lipid-rich outermost layer of the cuticle. Based on gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and gas chromatography (GC), it was found that the major compositions of cuticular lipids were fatty acids and n-alkanes. Modifying the chemical compositions and microstructures of the D. gallinae surface resulted in a reduction in surface hydrophobicity and an increase in the permeation of Rhodamine B through the cuticle. This observation suggested that the chemical compositions and microstructures were pivotal in determining surface hydrophobicity, hindering compound penetration into the cuticle. Finally, it was found improving the wettability of pesticide solution by adding surfactants could overcome the surface hydrophobicity and enhance the efficacy of pesticide against the mites. This study sheds light on the surface hydrophobicity mechanism of D. gallinae and provides a novel strategy to improve the efficacy of acaricides against the mites.
研究领域:
昆虫学
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害虫防治
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动物学
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DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE
·
2026
·
IF 4.2
Zihan Cheng,Yanbing Zhu,Jinwei Liu,Mingxiang Zhang,Rui Li,Ailing Liu,Jia Huang
BACKGROUND The poultry red mite ( Dermanyssus gallinae ) seriously threatens the global poultry industry. Reliance on chemical acaricides has led to resistance, and plant essential oils represent an eco-friendly alternative, but their mode of action remains unclear. Amitraz targets the β2-adrenergic-like octopamine receptor (Octβ2R). This study aimed to clone and characterize Octβ2R from D. gallinae , elucidate the mechanism of amitraz and essential oils, and support resistance monitoring. RESULTS We cloned DgOctβ2R. Evolutionary analysis revealed that DgOctβ2R clusters with other mite Octβ2Rs, distinct from insect orthologs. Functional assays in HEK293T cells demonstrated that amitraz and its metabolite N′-(2,4-dimethylphenyl)-N-methylformamidine(DPMF) potently activated DgOctβ2R, with DPMF acting as a full agonist. The plant essential oil component thymol also exhibited agonist activity at micromolar concentrations. Molecular docking revealed that DPMF and thymol bind the orthosteric pocket via a hydrogen bond with D 3.32 , whereas octopamine additionally engages S 5.46 . CONCLUSION This study successfully identified and functionally characterized DgOctβ2R from D. gallinae , providing molecular evidence that amitraz and DPMF target this receptor. The differential potency between synthetic and natural compounds reveals distinct agonistic profiles. These findings establish a molecular basis for rational use of amitraz, resistance surveillance, and structure-based design of novel and environmentally friendly acaricides targeting DgOctβ2R. © 2026 Society of Chemical Industry.
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DOI
高影响因子
PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE
·
2024
·Vol. 80
·期 10
·4950-4958
·
IF 3.8
Penglong Wang,Qi Liu,Xu Wang,Tiancong Sun,Boxing Liu,Bohan Wang,Huan Li,Chuanwen Wang,Weiwei Sun,Baoliang Pan
BACKGROUND Dermanyssus gallinae , the poultry red mite (PRM), is a worldwide ectoparasite posing significant economic challenges in poultry farming. The extensive use of pyrethroids for PRM control has led to the emergence of pyrethroid resistance. The objective of this study is to detect the pyrethroid resistance and explore its associated point mutations in the voltage-gated sodium channel (VGSC) gene among PRM populations in China. RESULTS Several populations of D. gallinae , namely CJF-1, CJP-2, CJP-3, CSD-4 and CLD-5, displayed varying degrees of resistance to beta-cypermethrin compared to a susceptible field population (CBP-5). Mutations of VGSC gene in populations of PRMs associated with pyrethroid resistance were identified through sequencing its fragments IIS4–IIS5 and IIIS6. The mutations I917V, M918T/L, A924G and L925V were present in multiple populations, while no mutations were found at positions T929, I936, F1534 and F1538. CONCLUSION The present study confirmed the presence of extremely high levels of pyrethroid resistance in PRM populations in China, and for the first time detected four pyrethroid resistance mutations in the VGSC gene. Identifying pyrethroid resistance in the field population of PRM in China can be achieved through screening for VGSC gene mutations as an early detection method. Our findings underscore the importance of implementing chemical PRM control strategies based on resistance evidence, while also considering the management of acaricide resistance in the control of PRMs. © 2024 Society of Chemical Industry.
研究领域:
昆虫学
·
分子生物学
·
害虫管理
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产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
危险品化学品经营许可证（带存储）