PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE
·
2025
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IF 3.8
Tian-Yuan Liu,Yu-Xi Zhou,Chen-Yang Yuan,Yi-Fan Gao,Jia-Yao Fan,Guo-Rui Yuan,Jin-Jun Wang,Wei Dou
BACKGROUND Diaphorina citri , a serious pest of citrus, causes significant economic losses due to its role in spreading Huanglongbing. Chemical treatment is the primary method for controlling D. citri . In recent years, D. citri has demonstrated varying resistance levels to a number of pesticides. Combination bioassay and amplicon sequencing approaches can provide a more accurate assessment of resistance in D. citri . RESULTS Field populations of D. citri exhibited significant variability in pesticide susceptibility depending on geographic location. The Guilin population showed the highest imidacloprid sensitivity, with a median lethal concentration (LC 50 ) of 1.14 mg L −1 , indicating a comparatively high susceptibility to this pesticide. In contrast, the Chongzuo population exhibited the lowest sensitivity, with an LC 50 exceeding 2000 mg L −1 , reflecting a significant resistance level. Molecular analysis showed that resistance levels were associated with specific genetic mutations in two key areas: VGSC_L925M, VGSC_M918T, and the acetylcholine receptor α (nAChRα_N88S). Furthermore, there was a correlation between the rate of these mutations and the resistance level. Interestingly, the VGSC_L925M mutation was prevalent in the Chongzuo population, exhibiting a significant frequency of 42.08%. The nAChRα_N88S mutation, found at a low frequency of 0.24%, was unique to the Chongzuo population. CONCLUSION The frequency of VGSC_L925M mutations linked to pyrethroid resistance and nAChRα_N88S mutations associated with neonicotinoid resistance has been revealed in D. citri from major citrus-producing regions in China. We recommend region-specific resistance management strategies, immediate reduction of pyrethroid use in Chongzuo area with high L925M mutation frequencies. This research also provides fundamental data to manage resistance in D. citri . © 2025 Society of Chemical Industry.
研究领域:
昆虫学
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分子生物学
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农业科学
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DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF INSECT SCIENCE
·
2024
·Vol. 24
·期 3
·
IF 2.1
Liu Yan-Mei,Huang Yuan-Yuan,Wang Fei-Feng,Hu Yu-Wei,Zhang Zhi-Lin,Cuthbertson Andrew G S,Qiu Bao-Li,Sang Wen
Huanglongbing (HLB), a devastating citrus disease caused by Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus, is efficiently vectored by the Asian citrus psyllid, Diaphorina citri Kuwayama (Hemiptera: Liviidae). Tamarixia radiata (Waterston) plays a crucial role as an ectoparasitoid, preying on D. citri nymphs. By collecting and identifying headspace volatiles from fifth instar nymphs of D. citri using a gas chromatograph–mass spectrometer (GC–MS), we obtained a collection of 9 volatile compounds. These compounds were subsequently chosen to investigate the electrophysiological and behavioral responses of female T. radiata. At a concentration of 10 μg/μl, 9 compounds were compared with cis-3-hexen-1-ol (control), resulting in trans-2-nonenal inducing the highest relative electroantennogram (EAG) value, followed by hexanal, heptanal, n-heptadecane, tetradecanal, n-tetradecane, n-pentadecane, 1-tetradecanol, and 1-dodecanol. The top 5 EAG responses of female T. radiata to these compounds were further investigated through EAG dose–response experiments. The results showed positive dose–responses as concentrations increased from 0.01 to 10 μg/μl. In Y-tube olfactometer bioassays, female T. radiata exhibited a preference for specific compounds. They were significantly attracted to tetradecanal at a concentration of 10 µg/µl and trans-2-nonenal at 0.01 µg/µl, while no significant attraction was observed toward hexanal, heptanal, or n-heptadecane. Our report is the first to demonstrate that volatiles produced by D. citri nymphs attract T. radiata, which suggests that this parasitoid may utilize nymph volatiles to locate its host.
研究领域:
昆虫学
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植物保护
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PubMed
高影响因子
Journal of Advanced Research
·
2024
·
IF 11.4
Li Cui,Guiyun Deng,Jianghong Wu,Fang Ding,Wenjie Wang,Haiyang Yu,Zhiyong Song,Changhui Rui,Heyou Han,Huizhu Yuan
Introduction Diaphorina citri is the most serious pest of citrus worldwide because it is the natural insect vector of huanglongbing. Cycloxaprid (Cyc) was highly toxic to D. citri . However, the poor solubility and stability had limited its development. Objectives In order to improve the insecticidal effect and stability to harsh climatic conditions of Cyc. Methods Cyc was chosen as the representative pesticide, 4,4′-methylenebis (phenyl isocyanate), PEG-600 and n-butanol were used to prepare sustained-release nano-gelation particles (Cyc@NGs). Results Cyc@NGs enhance the toxicity of Cyc more than 3 folds. Furthermore, Cyc@NGs showed excellent anti-rain and anti-UV capacity. After being exposed to ultraviolet light for 12 h, Cyc decreased by 100 %, while the insecticide content of Cyc@NGs only decreased by 25 %. Additionally, Cyc@NGs possessed better wettability on citrus leaves, mainly benefitting from its lower contact angle on citrus leaves. Moreover, FITC-labeled nano-gelation particles (FITC-NGs) exhibited high capability to penetrate and enrich in citrus leaf tissue and D. citri midgut. Consequently, NGs promoted the translocation and durability of insecticides, thereby, increasing the insecticidal activity. The results suggested that nano-gelation particle is a promising platform to deliver insecticides and Cyc@NGs would be the suitable candidate for the effective management of D. citri .
研究领域:
植物保护
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农药科学
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昆虫学
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DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY
·
2025
·
IF 6.2
Wenjie Wang,Muhammad Adeel Ghafar,Lu Liuyang,Inzamam Ul Haq,Li Cui,Huizhu Yuan,Liande Wang
RNA pesticides have emerged as a promising alternative to conventional chemical pesticides due to their high specificity and minimal environmental impact. However, the instability of RNA molecules in the environment and the challenges associated with their effective delivery to target pests limit their broader application. This study addresses these challenges by developing a dual delivery system using chitosan (CS) and Metal–Organic Frameworks (MOFs) to enhance the delivery and efficacy of double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) and cycloxaprid against Diaphorina citri, a vector of citrus greening disease. The CS-MOF nanoparticles were synthesized and characterized using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and dynamic light scattering (DLS). Insect bioassays demonstrated that the codelivery system significantly improved insecticidal activity, achieving over 80% mortality in D. citri within 2 days. The results indicate that the encapsulation of dsRNA within MOFs enhances its stability, while the controlled release properties of the nanoparticles improve the efficacy of cycloxaprid. This novel approach shows great potential in overcoming the limitations of RNA pesticides and offers a sustainable solution for pest management in agriculture. Future research should optimize the delivery system, conduct field trials, and explore its applicability to other agricultural pests.
研究领域:
农业科学
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分子生物学
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农药科学
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PubMed
高影响因子
PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE
·
2025
·
IF 3.8
Jiayao Fan,Huimin Pan,Chenyang Yuan,Tianyuan Liu,Feng Shang,Yuxi Zhou,Yifan Gao,Long Yi,Jinjun Wang,Wei Dou
BACKGROUND Phenotypic plasticity is generally regarded as a crucial adaptation that enables organisms to survive in the face of environmental changes. Diaphorina citri , a vector of Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus ( C Las) that causes citrus Huanglongbing, displays three distinct body color morphotypes: blue/green, gray/brown, and orange/yellow morphs. Here, dynamics monitoring of D. citri population in the field was established to identify the occurrence peak. The orange/yellow is a shared phenotype, and hence we focused on the two most prevalent color morphs blue/green and gray/brown. We evaluated the life-history characteristics and susceptibility to insecticides of the two color morphs. For the association between the body color polyphenism and C Las, we compared the C Las acquisition efficiency of field and laboratory populations, and investigated immunological competence of the two color morphs. RESULTS Diaphorina citri adults were present in all seasons in year one, with higher incidences recorded in July, August, and September. During these periods, the blue/green morph predominated in the field, while during the overwintering period, the proportion of gray/brown morph increased. Population parameters showed no significant differences between the two color morphs. Additionally, gray/brown morphs were more susceptible to insecticides and C Las acquisition. Furthermore, the two color morphs displayed different immune responses to pathogen infection. CONCLUSION The C Las infection rate was closely associated with color morphology in D. citri . Different field distribution and trait combinations of the two color morphs represent their responses to variable environments. This study not only broadens the understanding of color polyphenism, but it may also provide potential implication for controlling strategies in D. citri . © 2025 Society of Chemical Industry.
研究领域:
昆虫学
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植物病理学
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高影响因子
PESTICIDE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY
·
2023
·
IF 4.7
Cong Zhang,Bin Wan,Meng-Ru Jin,Xi Wang,Yu-Jing Wei,Ling Zhong,Bin Xia
Diaphorina citri Kuwayama is of great concern because of its ability to transmit devastating citrus greening illness (Huanglongbing). One strategy for controlling HLB may involve limiting the spread of D. citri . Insecticides using dsRNA target genes may be a useful option to control D. citri . The ecdysone receptor ( EcR ) and ultraspiracle ( USP ) are crucial for the growth and reproduction of insects. This study identified the genes for D. citri ecdysone receptor ( DcEcR ) and ultraspiracle ( DcUSP ). According to the qPCR data, DcUSP peaked at the 5th-instar nymph stage, while DcEcR peaked at the adult stage. Females expressed DcEcR and DcUSP at much higher levels than males. RNAi was used to examine DcEcR and DcUSP function. The findings demonstrated that inhibition of DcEcR and DcUSP delayed nymph development and decreased survival and eclosion rates. ds EcR caused adults to develop deformed wings, and ds USP caused nymphs to wither and die. Female adult ovaries developed slowly, and the females laid fewer eggs. Additionally, DcEcR and DcUSP were inhibited, increasing D. citri susceptibility to pesticides . These findings suggest that DcEcR and DcUSP are critical for D. citri development, growth, and reproduction and may serve as potential targets for D. citri management.
研究领域:
昆虫学
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分子生物学
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害虫管理
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植物病理学
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PubMed
高影响因子
PESTICIDE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY
·
2025
·
IF 4
Cuiting Liu,Yaoyao Chen,Xinyi Xie,Huiyin Hu,Junxian Wu,Cuiling Ye,Rui Tang,Zhongzhen Wu,Benshui Shu
The Asian citrus psyllid, Diaphorina citri , is a serious pest worldwide that transmits the huanglongbing pathogen Candidatus Liberibacter spp. Previous studies have shown that chemosensory proteins (CSPs) are associated with insecticide resistance in various insect species. Dinotefuran is one of the most poisonous neonicotinoids to D. citri . However, the specific functional role of CSPs in modulating dinotefuran tolerance remains poorly characterized. In this study, we found that sublethal exposure to dinotefuran (LC 50 concentration) dramatically elevated DcCSP4 expression in the surviving D. citri adults. In addition, RNA interference-mediated silencing of DcCSP4 substantially enhanced the susceptibility of D. citri adults to dinotefuran toxicity. The recombinant Dc CSP4 protein was effectively expressed in the Escherichia coli BL21 (DE3) strain and purified with Ni-NTA Resin. Fluorescence competitive binding assays demonstrated a medium-affinity interaction between Dc CSP4 and dinotefuran with a dissociation constant (Ki) of 24.30 μM. Molecular docking results revealed that Dc CSP4 binds to dinotefuran mostly via van der Waals (vdW) forces. Overexpressing Dc CSP4 recombinant protein enhanced E. coli cell viability after 100 mg/L dinotefuran exposure. These findings imply that the overexpression of DcCSP4 in D. citri adults constitutes an adaptive tolerance/resistance mechanism to dinotefuran, which provides novel mechanistic insights into insect xenobiotic detoxification processes.
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高影响因子
Insects
·
2026
·Vol. 17
·期 8
·851
·
IF 3
Fei-Feng Wang,Xiu-Qi Zou,Ming Zhong,Sheng-Feng Tu,Min-Er Li,Wen-Feng Zhao,Bao-Li Qiu,Wen Sang
Simple SummaryThe Asian citrus psyllid (Diaphorina citri) is the primary vector of citrus huanglongbing, a destructive disease that causes severe losses to citrus production worldwide.D. citriexhibits positive phototaxis, the innate tendency to move toward light. However, the molecular mechanisms that control this key behavioral trait remain poorly understood. In this study, we investigated the role of octopamine, a core neuromodulator that governs multiple behaviors in insects, in regulatingD. citriphototactic behavior. We identified three key genes in the octopamine signaling pathway, analyzed their expression patterns, characterized the pharmacological response of receptors, and validated their behavioral functions via RNA interference. Our results show that the octopamine positively regulates phototactic behavior viaDcOctβ1RinD. citri. These findings deepen our understanding of the molecular basis of insect behavior.The Asian citrus psyllid (Diaphorina citri, ACP) is the primary vector of citrus huanglongbing and exhibits positive phototactic behavior. Octopamine (OA) is a critical neuromodulator of diverse insect behaviors, yet its regulatory mechanism in ACP phototactic behavior remains largely uncharacterized. In this study, three core genes of the OA signaling pathway in ACP were identified and characterized: the biosynthetic enzymeDcTβHand two β-adrenergic-like OA receptors (DcOctβ1R,DcOctβ2R). All three genes exhibited a U-shaped developmental expression pattern and high transcript abundance in the head, suggesting potential involvement in the early nymphal and adult stages and essential roles in central nervous system. Pharmacology assays revealed that DcOctβ1R activation by OA and tyramine induced cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) accumulation, with agonists and antagonists exerting differential effects on its activity. In contrast, no cAMP response was observed in cells expressingDcOctβ2R regardless of ligand treatment. Combined RNA interference and behavioral assays demonstrated that silencingDcTβHorDcOctβ1Rsignificantly impairs ACP phototactic behavior. These findings revealed that the OA signaling positively regulates phototactic behavior viaDcOctβ1Rin ACP. This study enhances the understanding of OA-mediated phototactic behavior in agricultural pests and lays a foundation for exploring the molecular mechanisms of insect behaviors.
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高影响因子
PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE
·
2022
·Vol. 79
·期 2
·811-820
·
IF 4.462
Jing Gao,TongLai Tao,Steven P. Arthurs,Fengxian Ye,Xincheng An,Mubasher Hussain,Runqian Mao
Background Herbivores may influence each other directly and through plant mediated inter-specific interactions. The Asian citrus psyllid ( Diaphorina citri Kuwayama) and citrus aphids are key pests that can co-exist on citrus, but their plant-mediated interaction between them is unknown. Here we investigated plant-mediated effect of two citrus aphid species, the polyphagous Aphis spiraecola Patch and the oligophagous Aphis ( Toxoptera ) citricidus (Kirkaldy) on the feeding behavior and reproduction of Diaphorina citri , and explored the underlying mechanisms. Results In comparison with those on aphid free plants, Diaphorina citri had decreased reproduction and reduced phloem feeding on Aphis spiraecola pre-infested plants, while the reproduction and feeding efficiency were increased on Aphis citricidus pre-infested plants. Jasmonic acid (JA) dependent defense was significantly activated by Diaphorina citri feeding on Aphis spiraecola pre-infested plants, but was suppressed by Diaphorina citri feeding on Aphis citricidus pre-infested plants compared with that on aphid free plant. By contrast, only one tested marker gene in salicylic acid (SA) signaling was activated by Diaphorina citri feeding on Aphis spiraecola pre-infested plants. Furthermore, exogenous application of methyl jasmonate, but not SA, conferred resistance against Diaphorina citri in our citrus trials. Conclusion Our results indicate that pre-infestation by two citrus aphid species differentially altered Diaphorina citri induced citrus JA dependent defense, which resulted in different effect on subsequent Diaphorina citri performance. © 2022 Society of Chemical Industry.
研究领域:
植物科学
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昆虫学
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植物与害虫互作
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分子植物病理学
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高影响因子
JOURNAL OF ASIA-PACIFIC ENTOMOLOGY
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2026
·Vol. 29
·期 3
·102583
·
IF 1.5
Yuning Li,Huyin Hu,Huanqian Yao,Xinyi Xie,Shuyin He,Cuiting Liu,Veeran Sethuraman,Hanhong Xu,Zhongzhen Wu,Benshui Shu
The Asian citrus psyllid (ACP), Diaphorina citri Kuwayama, is a significant global pest of citrus that transmits Candidatus Liberibacter spp., the pathogen of Huanglongbing. Nitenpyram, a second-generation neonicotinoid insecticide, has shown substantial efficacy against several Hemiptera species, such as Nilaparvata lugens and Bemisia tabaci . It has also been employed for the control of D. citri . Nevertheless, its toxicity mechanism remains unclear. In this study, the toxicity of nitenpyram to adult D. citri was analyzed. RNA-Seq was conducted on adults exposed to LC 20 (12.86 μg/mL) and LC 50 (38.39 μg/mL) of nitenpyram. A total of 152 and 675 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified in adults exposed to LC 20 and LC 50 of nitenpyram, respectively. KEGG enrichment analysis revealed that several DEGs were significantly enriched in the apoptosis pathway. TdT-mediated dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL) staining further confirmed that LC 20 and LC 50 of nitenpyram induced apoptosis in the gut of adults. Moreover, elevated levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and reduced mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) suggested that nitenpyram may initiate the mitochondrial apoptotic pathway in the adult gut. These results suggest that nitenpyram exposure generates toxicity via activating the mitochondrial pathway to trigger apoptosis in the adult guts of D. citri , providing valuable insights into the molecular toxicological mechanisms of nitenpyram in D. citri adults.
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高影响因子
Insects
·
2022
·Vol. 13
·期 8
·728
·
IF 3.139
Cong Zhang,Wenfeng Hu,Zhuo Yu,Xian Liu,Jing Wang,Tianrong Xin,Zhiwen Zou,Bin Xia
Simple SummaryThe transcriptional level of chitin synthase A (DcCHSA) was investigated inDiaphorina citriKuwayama at various developmental stages and tissues in this work. The survival and molting ofD. citrinymphs were negatively impacted by high concentrations of DFB, which could also causeDcCHSAto express itself significantly. We also looked into how CHS knockout affected nymph development and eclosion. The findings revealed thatDcCHSAwas critical for the eclosion and molting ofD. citrinymphs. This study provides a solid theoretical foundation forD. citrimanagement in China.AbstractDiaphorina citriKuwayama is the vector of HLB and one of the most common pests in citrus orchards in southern China. One of the most significant genes inD. citri’s growth and development is the chitin synthase gene. In this study, the CHS gene (DcCHSA) ofD. citriwas cloned and analyzed by bioinformatics. According to RT-qPCR findings,DcCHSAwas expressed at many growth processes ofD. citri, with the greatest influence in the fifth-instar nymph. The molting failure rate and mortality ofD. citrirose as DFB concentration increased in this research, as did the expression level ofDcCHSA. Feeding onDcCHSAcaused a large drop in target gene expression, affected nymph molting, caused failure or even death in freshly eclosion adults, increased mortality, and reduced the molting success rate over time. These findings showed thatDcCHSAwas involved in nymph to adult development and may aid in the identification of molecular targets forD. citriregulation. It provided new ideas for further control ofD. citri.Keywords:Diaphorina citri;chitin;diflubenzuron;transcription level;RNA interference
研究领域:
昆虫学
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分子生物学
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害虫管理
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PubMed
高影响因子
PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE
·
2021
·Vol. 77
·期 5
·2584-2590
·
IF 4.845
Yingjie Wen,Huayue Meng,Chen Zhao,Fei Lin,Hanhong Xu
BACKGROUND Chemical control is the most used and effective method to control Diaphorina citri , the vector of the phloem-limited bacteria associated with citrus huanglongbing (HLB) disease. The objectives of this study were to determine the effectiveness of flupyradifurone applied via dripping irrigation systems on D. citri . Bioassays were conducted using leaves harvested on various dates post treatment, and insecticide residue in leaf tissue was quantified. RESULTS The drip application of flupyradifurone on citrus trees provided high-level and long-term control against D. citri adult, and the median lethal concentration (LC 50 ) for ingestion of flupyradifurone in D. citri was 22.22 mg kg –1 (fresh leaf). Flupyradifurone residue was detected in leaf tissue within 3 days after treatment. The measured level of flupyradifurone peaked on day 40 day after application, and then showed a steady decline in subsequent days for all three applied dosages. The amounts of flupyradifurone in upper, middle, and lower leaves were similar, and trends in the change in concentration of flupyradifurone were consistent. CONCLUSIONS The results demonstrate that flupyradifurone can be a valuable new tool for D. citri management programs, and drip-applied flupyradifurone provides an extended period of control efficacy. This paper could provide a reference to reduce the dependence on foliar-applied insecticides, with associated benefits for non-target exposure to workers and pollinators. © 2021 Society of Chemical Industry
研究领域:
植物保护
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农业昆虫学
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PubMed
高影响因子
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