JOURNAL OF APPLIED POLYMER SCIENCE
·
2016
·Vol. 133
·期 39
·
IF 1.866
Pengfei Du,Haiyan Jia,Qinghua Chen,Zhen Zheng,Xinling Wang,Denglong Chen
Diels–Alder (DA) reactions between furan and maleimide have been widely applied in thermally remendable polymeric materials. Crosslinked polyurethane with DA adducts exhibited much better mechanical properties than linear polyurethane with DA adducts. However, the highly crosslinked polyurethane needs a higher temperature and a longer healing time. This will increase the possibility of side reactions proceeding during the healing procedure. In this paper, slightly crosslinked polyurethane with DA adducts was synthesized by incorporating trimethylolpropane into linear polyurethane with DA adducts. The structure of the intermediate and final products was characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, 1 H-NMR, and differential scanning calorimetry, confirming that the synthesizing process proceeded successfully. The images from the polarizing optical microscope demonstrated that the final product with slight crosslinking needed less time and a lower healing temperature to complete the healing procedure. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2016 , 133 , 43971.
研究领域:
材料科学
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化学工程
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DOI
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF APPLIED POLYMER SCIENCE
·
2019
·Vol. 136
·期 18
·47352
·
IF 2.188
Jianan Xu,Zhiying Li,Bao Wang,Fengya Liu,Yudong Liu,Fengqi Liu
Poly(ethylene glycol) diglycidyl ether-furfurylamine (PGFA) containing pendant furan was synthesized, and a series of crosslinked materials with thermally reversible capacity were synthesized through a furan/maleimide Diels–Alder (DA) reaction between PGFA and bismaleimide (BMI). The kinetics of the PGFA/BMI DA reaction were studied by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). The reaction conversion rate, the reaction rate constant, and the energy of the DA reaction at different temperatures were calculated. In addition, the retro Diels–Alder (rDA) reaction was studied via 1 H-NMR, differential scanning calorimetry, and in situ FTIR. The occurrence of the retro DA reaction has been characterized clearly. Finally, the mechanical properties of the materials were obtained by dynamic mechanical and tensile tests. The storage modulus decreased obviously when the temperature reached over 90 °C, which proved that the materials were thermally reversible at high temperature. By changing the proportion of the crosslinking agent BMI, the best-performing materials were obtained, and the properties of the materials were basically unchanged after recycling. Thus we have obtained an excellent reusable material. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2019 , 136 , 47352.
研究领域:
材料科学
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化学工程
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DOI
高影响因子
Frontiers of Materials Science
·
2020
·Vol. 14
·期 2
·198-210
·
IF 1.747
Zhang Jinxing,Hu Kexing,Ouyang Qi,Gui Qilin,Chen Xiaonong
Good dispersibility of graphene in a medium or matrix is a critical issue in practical applications. In this work, graphene was functionalized using N-(4-hydroxyl phenyl) maleimide (4-HPM) via the Diels—Alder (DA) reaction by a one-step catalyst-free approach. The optimal reaction condition was found to be 90 °C for 12 h using dimethylformamide (DMF) as the solvent. FTIR, Raman spectroscopy, XPS and EDS proved that 4-HPM moieties were successfully grafted onto the surface of graphene. UV-vis and TGA confirmed that the grafting amount of 4-HPM was 3.75%–3.97% based on the mass of graphene. Functionalized graphene showed excellent dispersion stability when dispersed in common solvents such as ethanol, DMF, water, tetrahydrofuran and p-xylene. Meanwhile, functionalized graphene also exhibited pH sensitivity in aqueous due to the phenolic hydroxyls from the 4-HPM moieties. As a result of good dispersion stability and pH sensitivity, compared with graphene, functionalized graphene had better adsorption capacity for methylene blue (MB) from aqueous solution.
研究领域:
材料科学
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化学工程
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DOI
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR LIQUIDS
·
2016
·
IF 2.74
Handi Yin,Zhiguo Hao,Jihua Zhao,Peizhu Zheng,Weiguo Shen
The kinetics of the Diels–Alder (D–A) reactions of N-ethylmaleimide with 2,3-dimethyl-1,3-butadiene and of 9,10-dimethyl-anthracene with diethyl maleate in two critical binary solutions n -tetradecane + dimethyl carbonate and n -nonane + diethyl maleate have been studied by the three-wavelength UV-spectrophotometry. It was found that neither speeding up nor slowing down effect for the first reaction was observed, which obeyed the Griffiths–Wheeler rule; while a very weak slowing down effect was detected for the second reaction, but significantly weaker as compared with the prediction by the Griffiths–Wheeler rule. It was attributed to that only less than 0.002% of diethyl maleate changed to the products during the reaction, hence the concentration of diethyl maleate may be considered as a fixed thermodynamic density in the critical reaction system, resulting in no thermodynamic slowing down being detected.
研究领域:
物理化学
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反应动力学
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DOI
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF POLYMER SCIENCE
·
2021
·Vol. 60
·期 5
·794-802
·
IF 0
Jiarui Yu,Nan Gao,Xiaowen Xie,Xing Xin,Zhanqi Li,Shuai Chen,Jingkun Xu
Thermally healing capability of cracks and defects is important and urgent for the safe operation and life extending of electric materials and devices. Here, by the combination of thermally driven reversible Diels–Alder (DA) interaction and in-situ chemical oxidative polymerization of 3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene (EDOT), a series of intrinsically conductive poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT)/DA composites possess intrinsically self-healing property under low-temperature (reverse DA reaction at 100°C; DA crosslinking at 60°C) stimulus were achieved. The crosslinking DA bonding reactions are multiple from the co-existence of pre-synthesized macromolecular polyurethane attached DA units (PU-DA) and 2,4-hexadiyne-1,6-diol (DADOL) in the films. PU-DA involved in the polymerization process of EDOT to endow PEDOT with outstanding solution-processability, uniform film making, and structural self-healing capability, while DADOL was added to enhance the cross bonding between polymer chains. This work will accelerate the research and application development of intrinsically self-healing conducting polymers for commercial capacitors, antistatic coatings, implantable, printable electronics, and so on. Graphical
研究领域:
材料科学
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电子工程
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DOI
COLLOIDS AND SURFACES A-PHYSICOCHEMICAL AND ENGINEERING ASPECTS
·
2024
·
IF 4.9
Yunliang Jiang,Yumin Dong,Yong Xiong,Jun Li,Jianping Zhou,Hongbo Liang,Binghua Zhou,Bing Xie
To meet the non-removable application scenarios of most integrated electronics, the development of polymer-based packaging materials possessing superior thermal conductivity and self-healing characteristics simultaneously is necessary. However, on account of the complexity of composite structure and composition , its self-heal remains a formidable challenge. Herein, we have designed a self-healing and thermally conductive bi-functional polyurethane composites with Diels-Alder structure (PUDA) and silver nanowires (AgNWs). The hydrogen-bonding network at the interface of AgNWs and PUDA facilitated the dispersion of AgNWs in the matrix, which endows the composites with desirable thermal conductivity . Incorporating 3, 6, 9, 12, and 15 wt% of AgNWs into PUDA leads to increases in thermal conductivity of 33%, 104%, 154%, 321%, and 371%, respectively. In particular, the novel composites incorporated 12 wt% AgNWs exhibited the most efficient balance between self-healing efficiency and thermal conductivity performance. The thermal conductivity of PUDA/AgNWs with 12% of AgNWs content is 1.01 W/mK, which is 4.8 times that of PUDA (0.21 W/mK). After two reconstitution cycles, the thermal conductivity of PUDA/AgNWs-12 was restored to 85%. This study demonstrates the successful preparation of composites possessing both desirable thermal conductivity and self-healing capabilities, rendering them suitable for use as thermal interface materials in thermal management systems and flexible electronics applications.
研究领域:
材料科学
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纳米技术
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热管理
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DOI
高影响因子
HIGH PERFORMANCE POLYMERS
·
2018
·
IF 1.047
Xiaofei Wang,Kaifeng Zhao,Xiaowen Huang,Xiaoyue Ma,Yanyan Wei
Over time, automotive coating is bound to be damaged; therefore, it is necessary to give the coating a self-healing ability to make its performance even better. First, furfuryl glycidyl ether (FGE) was synthesized by epichlorohydrin and furfuryl alcohol. Then, furanyl-terminated resin FGE-T5000 was synthesized by polyether amine T5000 and FGE. Finally, 4,4′-diphenylmethane bismaleimide (BDM) was added to FGE-T5000 as a cross-linking agent to form a resin named FGE-T5000-BDM which has Diels–Alder (DA) bonds. The products were characterized by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, proton nuclear magnetic resonance, differential scanning calorimeter, dynamic mechanical analysis, thermogravimetric analysis, optical microscope, tensile tests, and other tests. The results showed that FGE-T5000-BDM demonstrated thermally reversible self-healing property from 50°C to 150°C, and that the best temperature of the DA reaction was 80°C. The gel content of FGE-T5000-BDM was 98%. Also, the glass transition temperature and the initial temperature of the Retro-DA (r-DA) reaction were −58°C and 88°C, respectively. Moreover, the self-healing efficiency of FGE-T5000-BDM was up to 88% after staying at 80°C for 12 h. The innovation shown in this article was that the reversible covalent bonds (DA) were combined with the polyether amines, which produced the characteristics of self-healing. Its unique self-healing properties are useful in some areas, such as automobile coatings and other materials.
研究领域:
材料科学
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化学工程
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产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
IRANIAN POLYMER JOURNAL
·
2023
·Vol. 33
·期 1
·93-103
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IF 3.1
Wan Liying,Yan Meiling,Wang Jianhong,Liu Xianglong,Huang Juntong,Yang Hao,Kong Xinming
This study reports the innovative preparation of triple-shape-memory epoxy resin (EP-DA) through thermal programming. Flexible poly(propylene glycol) diglycidyl ether (PEGDE) segments and reversible Diels–Alder (DA) dynamic covalent bonds were introduced into epoxy resin through molecular structural design, controlling glass transition temperature ( T g ) and DA reaction temperature, respectively, which then was used as the two reversible switches of EP-DA. FTIR results verified that PEGDE and DA bond were successfully brought in EP-DA network. DSC and TG tests were used to demonstrate the three stages of EP-DA thermal behavior: T g , DA thermal reversible reaction temperature and thermal degradation temperature. Bending-recovery test verified the dual-shape-memory, and DMA test verified the excellent triple-shape-memory of EP-DA. The general elastic deformation, high elastic deformation and flow deformation of EP-DA molecular segments revealed its shape-memory mechanism. Furthermore, when PEGDE content increased, T g , crosslinking density of EP-DA, fixity ratio and strength decreased, toughness increased, and recovery rate as well as recovery speed were promoted. The thermal reversibility of DA bonds in EP-DA also endues it with retrievability and self-reconstruction. Graphical abstract
研究领域:
材料科学
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高分子化学
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DOI
高影响因子
POLYMER ENGINEERING AND SCIENCE
·
2021
·Vol. 61
·期 9
·2257-2266
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IF 2.428
Yunpeng Zhang,Jiaofeng Ye,Dongan Qu,Haitao Wang,Changsheng Chai,Libang Feng
Micro-damage in materials could be repaired by endowing materials with self-healing performance. Herein, an epoxy resin with excellent self-healing performance grounded on thermo-reversible Diels–Alder dynamic chemical reaction was developed. Results showed that the bending strength and adhesive behavior of epoxy resin were influenced dramatically upon treatment with various temperatures. More importantly, damages created in epoxy resin could be repaired completely after suitable heat treatments. What is more, the healed epoxy resin exhibited much higher bending strength and adhesive performance than the pristine one did. The materials could be damaged and then repaired repeatedly. Meanwhile, the as-prepared self-healing epoxy resin exhibited excellent thermal reversibility and controllable adhesion. The thermo-adjusted self-healing performance endowed epoxy resin with recyclable and reusable performance. Therefore, the research made it possible of recycling waste epoxy resins.
研究领域:
材料科学
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化学工程
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DOI
高影响因子
POLYMERS FOR ADVANCED TECHNOLOGIES
·
2025
·Vol. 36
·期 3
·e70140
·
IF 3.4
Xianning Wang,Runqi Zhang,Lujia Xuan,Mengmeng Yu,Jianqing Mao,Gang Cheng,Jieqiong Yan,Hongzhen Wang
Covalent adaptable networks offer a viable approach for producing recyclable rubber materials. Nevertheless, the intricate synthesis process and insufficient mechanical strength limit their commercialization applications. In this study, the reinforced, thermal-healing, and recyclable chitosan/ethylene propylene diene rubber (CEF-CS) was synthesized using a solid-phase blending process via the Diels-Alder (D-A) reaction. Furfural modified chitosan (F-CS) was included as a reinforcing filler and dynamic cross-linking point into the network formed via the D-A reaction. The influence of F-CS content on the mechanical, thermomechanical, and thermal repair characteristics of CEF-CS composites was examined. The results showed that the CEF-CS composites exhibited certain mechanical strength and dependable repair capabilities. As the F-CS content increased, the tensile strength of CEF-CS composites initially rose and subsequently declined, reaching a peak of 5.1 MPa, which was 5.1 times more than the control without F-CS. The first healing efficiency of tensile strength exceeded 70%, whereas the second healing efficiency was above 60%. Moreover, the simple preparation procedure and enhanced mechanical strength facilitate the commercial utilization of recyclable rubber materials, which is crucial for addressing the environmental pollution issue associated with rubber materials.
研究领域:
材料科学
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化学工程
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产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF APPLIED POLYMER SCIENCE
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2023
·Vol. 141
·期 10
·e55070
·
IF 3
Zhichao Zhang,Muqun Wang,Wenhao Cao,Xueying Duan,Ting Xie,Zequan Li,Wei Gao,Fan Luo
Self-healing materials exhibit the ability to repair damage and restore their function. Shape memory assisted self-healing (SMASH) materials are smart materials that automatically close localized microscopic cracks and repair these cracks by bonding damaged surfaces. A novel temperature-responsive SMASH polymer composite was established by introducing Diels–Alder bonds (D–A) in polyurethane. In this article, dynamic D–A produced by the polymerization of furfurylamine and 4,4’-bismaleimidodiphenylmethane was introduced into the molecular chain to enable the polyurethane elastomers containing D–A bonds to acquire self-repairing capability. The self-healing properties of the synthesized material were examined using polarized light microscopy, which revealed excellent fracture healing. The mechanical properties before and after healing were tested, in which the initial maximum tensile strength of the material could reach 7.9 MPa, and the maximum tensile strength after self-healing was 7.3 MPa, with a repair rate of 91.8%; the maximum elongation was 585.9%, and the maximum elongation after self-healing was 469.5%, with a repair rate of 80.1%. In addition, this material has excellent repair performance for microcracks of different scales, and the micromolten part of the surface after heating can fill the micrometer cracks, play the role of antiaging, and extend the service life of the material.
研究领域:
材料科学
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高分子化学
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产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
POLYMER
·
2018
·
IF 3.483
Changhong Lin,Dekun Sheng,Xiangdong Liu,Shaobin Xu,Fance Ji,Li Dong,Yan Zhou,Yuming Yang
In this work, a crosslinker terminal maleimide groups (EDM) has been synthesized and was used in reactions with the pendant furan groups of polyurethane (PUE) to prepare the self-healing electrically conductive composites based on Diels-Alder reaction, and Ag nanowires (AgNWs) as the conductive network inlaid in the surface layer of the polymer matrix layer. Inspired by the graphene-based materials for its versatility in both material and chemical properties, and we present a new synthetic strategy for the preparation of functional graphene nanosheets with DA group that can be employed in the self-healing polyurethane system. To our best knowledge, it hasn't been reported yet the structure graphene oxide materials (rmGO) in any systems. The rmGO served as fillers to reinforce the composites and would participated in the DA reactions. The excellent NIR light-induced self-healing property of prepared composites was realized through the photo-thermal effect of rmGO. The composite is capable of both structural and electrical healing via NIR irradiation. The injured samples can be locally repaired with high precision and efficiency without an obvious influence on those uninjured parts. The underlying polymer matrix can reform via the dynamic dissociation/recombination of Diels-Alder bonds to bring the separated areas of the AgNWs layer into contact to restore the conductivity. The NIR light-induced self-healing electrically conductive composites have wide potential for many fields, e.g., soft robots, flexible devices, and health-monitoring.
研究领域:
材料科学
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高分子化学
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纳米技术
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
危险品化学品经营许可证（带存储）