Fucoidans from brown seaweed shows various bioactive properties and promising prospects in biomedical field. Here, a novel fucoidan (F-4) was extracted and purified from Durvillaea antarctica . The structure of F-4 was characterized by HPLC, HPGPC, GC–MS, together with IR and NMR spectral analysis. F-4 is a sulfated polysaccharide mainly composed of fucose (Fuc), galactose (Gal), and glucose (Glc) in a molar ratio of 26.4: 7.1: 1.0. The backbone of F-4 is composed of (1→3) and (1→4)-linked- α -L-Fuc p residues, which sulfated at C-4 or C-2 positions and branched with α-L-Fuc, β-D-Gal, and β-D-Glc residues. Furthermore, F-4 can effectively promote the growth of leukocyte in a mouse model induced by cyclophosphamide, possibly by activating hematopoietic progenitor cells and regulating the hematopoietic microenvironment of bone marrow. Our data provide useful information for further investigation of fucoidan in the treatment of chemotherapy-induced leukopenia.
As an edible algae with rich nutrients and high medicinal value, Durvillaea antarctica has certain potential in anti-aging, but there is currently limited research on the separation, purification and activity of its anti-aging active ingredients. We successfully extracted and purified a new β-(1,3)-D-glucan with a special branched structure from Durvillaea antarctica using subcritical water extraction combined with ultrafiltration membrane (SWE-UFM). The polysaccharide, named DAG-1, consists of glucose (92.70%) and has a weight-average molecular weight of 10149 Da. The GC–MS and 1D/2D NMR confirmed that DAG-1 was composed of 3)-β-D-Glcp-(1 → , → 3,6)-β-D-Glcp-(1 → , β-D-Glcp-(1 → and → 6)-α-D-Glcp-(1 → , and β-glycosidic linkages between these sugar units. Animal experiments showed that DAG-1 has significant anti-skin aging effects by inhibiting the reduction of superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, accumulation of malonic dialdehyde (MDA), and decline in hydroxyproline (HYP) content in collagen fibers of D-gal-induced mouse skin. To further elucidate the mechanism of DAG-1, we found that DAG-1 can alleviate senescence in human dermal fibroblasts (HDFa), inhibit degranulation of human cutaneous mast cells (HCMC), and modulate inflammatory factors (TNF-α, IL-6) production. Additionally, DAG-1 may bind to c-KIT receptors and downregulate the expression of KITLG/KIT, regulating the growth and activation of mast cells, and thus alleviate skin aging. These findings suggest that DAG-1 is a potential anti-aging ingredient for functional food, cosmetic, and medicine development.
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