SENSORS AND ACTUATORS A-PHYSICAL
·
2024
·
IF 4.1
Junyao Wang,Guangze Gao,Huan Liu,Qi Hou,Jianxin Xu,Lixiang Li
Recently, wearable flexible electronic devices have become more widely used in detecting human physiological signals, so higher demands have been placed on flexible stretchable electrodes directly attached to the human body, which need to have better mechanical tensile properties , anti-fatigue properties, and chemical stability. In this paper, the four-segment hand structure is optimized to obtain the four-leaf hand structure, which reduces the maximum stress value when the electrode is stretched and decreases the probability of electrode fracture. Further, the structure of the electrode is optimized by changing the number of nodes, the six-leaf hand structure electrode is obtained. The six-leaf hand structure electrode has lower tensile stress and stability. The substrate-free six-leaf hand structure electrode prepared by the sacrificial layer method has a much higher stretchability than the electrode with a substrate layer due to the bonding of the substrate-free layer, and there is no significant change in the resistance value during the stretching process. The screen-printed waterproof-coated six-leaf hand structure electrode has good sweat resistance and can be used for ECG and EMG detection.
研究领域:
生物医学工程
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材料科学
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DOI
高影响因子
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FOOD SCIENCES AND NUTRITION
·
2019
·
IF 2.792
Jin Li,Jian Zeng,Jinming Peng,Yangyang Jia,Chun-Mei Li
A-type epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) and epicatechin-3-O-gallate (ECG) dimers have multiply biological activities. In this study, the pharmacokinetics of them were investigated in mice after a single dose intravenous administration, and the metabolites in mice plasma and urine were investigated by ultra-performance liquid chromatography-Quadrupole-time of flight mass spectrometer (UPLC-QTOF-MS). Our results showed that the half-life (t1/2) of A-type EGCG and ECG dimers were 116.37 min and 33.04 min, respectively, and the maximal concentration in plasma was 32.81 μg/mL and 55.59 μg/mL, respectively. It was found that two dimers were firstly experienced by quinone methide (QM) fission to form the EGCG and ECG analogue, and the phase II metabolites were generated subsequently. The main metabolites in plasma and urine were glucuronidation and sulphation derivatives. In addition, small molecule weight of phenolic acids were detected in urine.
研究领域:
药理学
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分析化学
·
生物化学
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DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
ACS Sensors
·
2025
·
IF 9.1
Zihan Zhu,Xiaotian Wang,Dongzi Wang,Yuzhe Gu,Wenqiong Fan,Yuncong Pang,Zhengxin Guo,Yang Li
Conventional biometric methods are limited by poor liveness detection and spoofing resistance, whereas intrinsically unique Electrocardiogram (ECG) signals offer a more secure alternative for biometric authentication. However, the reliable acquisition of high-fidelity ECG signals remains a key challenge in stretchable and wearable electronics due to motion-induced signal degradation and material limitations. Here, we present a material-driven approach based on a stretchable organic electrochemical transistor (OECT) platform integrating percolation-optimized metal/elastomer composite electrodes and shear-aligned anisotropic eutectic gel electrolytes. This design enables robust electrophysiological signal transduction, achieving a high transconductance of 5.63 mS and a signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of 35.3 dB. Due to the anisotropic stretchability of the hydrogel electrolytes, the device maintains good performance under 30% strain, enabling reliable acquisition of microvolt-scale ECG signals with preserved waveform integrity for accurate biometric identification. When combined with a one-dimensional convolutional neural network (1D-CNN), the system achieves an identification accuracy of 99%, validating its potential for intelligent, wearable authentication. This work offers a scalable and hardware-efficient strategy for next-generation wearable bioelectronics that unify health monitoring and identity verification within a single platform.
研究领域:
可穿戴生物电子学
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生物医学工程
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生物识别
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柔性电子学
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医疗健康中的神经网络
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DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
ACS Applied Polymer Materials
·
2024
·
IF 4.4
Saiyin Hou,Dong Lv,Yinghan Li,Zonglin Li,Mengmeng Liu,Xinhong Yu,Yanchun Han
Wearable dry electrodes are the foundation for the development of long-term, real-time biopotential monitoring devices. However, the physiological signals collected by common electrodes often accompany high noise and motion artifacts due to difficulties in conforming to skin deformations and poor contact between electrodes and skin. In contrast to them, PEDOT:PSS-based dry electrodes become a promising material with adjustable stretchability, conductivity, and adhesion properties to achieve high-quality signal delivery. Herein, we report a highly stretchable self-adhesive film prepared by the conductive polymers PEDOT:PSS, ethylene glycol (EG), poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA), and d-sorbitol (SOR). In the blending system, SOR will disrupt the dense hydrogen bond interactions within PVA and PSS chains, while PEDOT:PSS/PVA physically cross-linked networks can dissipate strain energy, providing toughness to the films. In addition, the hydroxyl groups on the surface enable the film to be self-adhesive by forming hydrogen bonds with the N and O atoms of the skin stratum corneum. The blended electrode exhibits a conductivity of 200 S/cm and an elongation at break of 120%. Moreover, the electrical properties are still maintained after cyclic stretching (R/R0 ≈ 1.09). The maximum adhesion force of the film on glass and skin is 1.20 and 0.36 N/cm, respectively. The electrode has good biocompatibility, and its excellent stretchability and adhesiveness are conducive to comply with the skin deformation under different conditions. The contact impedance between dry electrodes and skin is only 77 kΩ cm2, which ensures the accurate monitoring of physiological signals including electromyogram (EMG) and electrocardiogram (ECG) during rest or exercise. The signal quality is significantly higher than that of standard Ag/AgCl electrodes. This highly stretchable self-adhesive dry electrode provides a feasible idea for the research of next-generation health monitoring devices.
研究领域:
生物医学工程
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材料科学
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DOI
高影响因子
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FOOD SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
·
2019
·Vol. 55
·期 4
·1531-1538
·
IF 2.281
Yangping Ding,Bingcan Chen,Huayi Suo,Huarong Tong
Summary Theaflavin-3,3′-digallate (TFDG) is the main product formed by oxidative condensation between (−)-Epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) and (−)-Epicatechin-3-gallate (ECG). Some sub-products, such as homo- and hetero-oligomers of EGCG and ECG, are also produced simultaneously, which significantly decreases the yield of TFDG. In general, the optimum temperature for TFDG synthesis is 20 °C below which can reduce its generation resulting in the coexistence of a large amount of unreacted substrates (ECG and EGCG). Therefore, a higher possibility of increasing the formation of TFDG could be achieved if a suitable synthetic method can be developed at a low temperature. Our results showed that simultaneous dropwise addition of both EGCG and ECG could markedly enhance the content of TFDG at ice bath. Using such technique, the production of TFDG increased by 47.60% as compared to the group synthesised under the optimum temperature. The absorbance of TFDG at 278 nm is 2.36 times higher than that of ECG with equimolar concentration. Therefore, a rapid, simple and accurate calculation method of TFDG yield was developed via the spectral correlation. Based on the counting method, the yield of TFDG was 30.58% by using the novel synthetic method of TFDG.
研究领域:
食品科学
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植物化学
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DOI
高影响因子
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
·
2026
·
IF 12.5
Zhiwei Jiang,Yaping You,Hui Zhang,Cihui Liu,Shaohong Wu,Zixiang Li,Songchao Fu,Xia Liu,Yiran Jing,Yuzhen Li,Cheng Chen,Lehao Ren
A bioinspired self-pumping Janus paper electrode was developed for wet-skin ECG. • Asymmetric wettability (127°/28°) enabled directional liquid transport within 10 s. • The interface combined wet adhesion, high breathability, and conductive stability. • Stable ECG signals were acquired during sweating, walking, and brief submersion. • The platform offers active liquid management for wet-stable epidermal bioelectronics. Wet epidermal electrocardiogram (ECG) interfaces commonly suffer from the coupled deterioration of adhesion, breathability, and signal fidelity under sweating and motion. Here, we report a self-pumping Janus paper electrode comprising a skin-contacting hydrophobic polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS)-based adhesive layer, a mechanically compliant interlayer, and an outer hydrophilic carbon-nanotube (CNT)-doped porous paper layer. A coupled wettability and pore-size gradient promotes directional drainage of interfacial liquid away from the skin–electrode contact. The interface exhibits asymmetric wettability (127°/28°), directional liquid transport within 10 s, measurable water uptake, adhesion on moist skin, water-vapor permeability, and stable ECG acquisition during sweating and walking. Distinct from Janus liquid-transport materials or wet-adhesive ECG interfaces that primarily address either directional wetting or adhesion, this work presents a coupled-gradient capillary-rectification strategy in which wettability and pore-size gradients generate an asymmetric capillary-pressure landscape. The paper-based interface integrates wet adhesion, water-vapor permeability, liquid management, and ECG signal acquisition, providing a strategy for stable wet-skin ECG monitoring under the tested conditions.
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SENSORS AND ACTUATORS A-PHYSICAL
·
2025
·
IF 4.9
Xueli Nan,Shixuan Mei,Lingxiao Xu,Jin Chai,Guirong Wu,Xikuan Zhang,Xin Wang,Yunlong Zhao,Fei Lv,Libo Gao
Electrocardiogram (ECG) signals are important data reflecting the health of the human heart. However, the Ag/AgCl electrodes commonly used in current wearable devices suffer from the problem of being difficult to peel off, which may lead to discomfort. Therefore, in this study, we report a fully flexible wearable ECG sensor based on an easy-to-peel highly conductive hydrogel (adhesion of 12.54 ± 0.43 kPa and contact impedance of 190.79 Ω). The ECG acquisition system adopts a dual-lead configuration with conductive hydrogel as the conductive medium, which is capable of monitoring the cardiac status for a long period of time. The addition of silver nanowires (AgNWs) into the hydrogel improves its conductivity compared to the hydrogel only containing poly(3,4-ethylene dioxythiophene):poly(styrene sulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS). The toughness and stretchability of the hydrogel were enhanced by the use of polyacrylic acid (PAA) and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) to form a dual network hydrogel. In addition, the integrated flexible circuit board (FPCB) enables to achieve seamless integration of ECG acquisition, processing, and wireless transmission. Further, a convolutional neural network (CNN) algorithm was used for the processing and analysis of ECG data. In this study, ECG signals from three body states (lying, sitting and standing) were analyzed using a CNN. The CNN was able to differentiate between the three body poses with an accuracy of over 97.9 %. This innovative integrated ECG monitoring system provides a new way for portable and smart ECG monitoring applications.
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DOI
高影响因子
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
·
2025
·
IF 13.2
Mengdan Zhang,Ao Wang,Zhihao Huo,Yufan Chen,Chen Huang,Yanhua Liu,Runchun Li,Xueliang Xiao
Hydrogel-based electrodes have exhibited notable advantages in monitoring human cardiac health due to their high flexibility, excellent biocompatibility, and wear comfort. However, challenges persist in enhancing their self-adhesion, reusability, shape retention, breathability, and anti-drying properties. To address these issues, this study introduces a novel fabric-based hydrogel composite electrode, tailored for long-term electrocardiogram (ECG) monitoring, characterized by superior mechanical strength and breathability. Utilizing a needle-punch membrane design and a conductive hydrogel preparation technique, we successfully synthesized a composite electrode that integrates the mechanical robustness (tensile stress up to 58.8 MPa), high adhesion (maximum adhesive strength of 10.7 kPa), good biocompatibility (cell survival rate is greater than 90 % after 24 h of incubation), exceptional breathability (>95 g/m 2 /day), and water retention capabilities (10 days, with approximately 35 % water loss) of both fabric and hydrogel. Experimental results reveal that, in comparison to commercial electrodes, the fabric-based hydrogel electrode markedly decreases skin-electrode contact impedance (lower than commercial Ag/AgCl electrodes). ECG monitoring experiments conducted under various physiological conditions and a 48-h continuous ECG signal acquisition test (with significantly higher signal quality than commercial Ag/AgCl electrodes) confirms the electrode's high-fidelity electrophysiological monitoring performance, highlighting its considerable potential for application in wearable, long-term health monitoring systems.
研究领域:
生物医学工程
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材料科学
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可穿戴技术
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电生理学
·
柔性电子学
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产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces
·
2024
·
IF 8.3
Li Niu,Zhuoer Shen,Zemo Wang,Lingyun Qi,Haitao Niu,Hua Zhou,Cheng Zhang,Jun Xu,Jian Fang
The quality of the electrocardiography (ECG) signals depends on the effectiveness of the electrode–skin connection. However, current electrocardiogram electrodes (ECGE) often face challenges such as high contact impedance and unstable conductive networks, which hinder accurate measurement during movement and long-term wearability. Herein, in this work, a bionic 3D pile textile as an ECGE with high electrical conductivity and flexibility is prepared by a facile, continuous, and high-efficiency electrostatic self-assembly process. Integrating pile textiles with conductive materials creates a full textile electrode for bioelectrical signal detection that can retain both the inherent characteristics of textiles and high conductivity. Moreover, the dense piles on the textile surface make full contact with the skin, mitigating motion artifacts caused by the sliding between the textile and the skin. The continuous conductive network formed by the interconnected piles allows the pile textile ECGE (PT-ECGE) to function effectively under both static and dynamic conditions. Leveraging the unique pile structure, the PT-ECGE achieves superior flexibility, improved conductivity, low contact impedance, and high adaptivity, washability, and durability. The textile electrode, as a promising candidate for wearable devices, offers enormous application possibilities for the unconscious and comfortable detection of physiological signals.
研究领域:
生物医学工程
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材料科学
·
电子工程
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产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF COLLOID AND INTERFACE SCIENCE
·
2026
·
IF 9.6
Gaoyi Zheng,Yanjun Yu,Cancan Shan,Yingtong Guo,Mei Cui,Renliang Huang,Wei Qi,Rongxin Su
Skin-adhered electrocardiography (ECG) demands electrodes that maintain low and stable skin–electrode coupling during motion while remaining soft, adhesive, and, ideally, transparent for accurate placement. However, conductive hydrogels rarely combine optical transparency with electronic conductivity because conductive polymers such as polypyrrole (PPy) aggregate in water. Herein, we develop a transparent, self-adhesive hydrogel bioelectrode enabled by incorporating APS-pretreated polypyrrole-phosphorylated cellulose nanofibers (PPy-PCNF) into a crosslinked poly(acrylic acid)/gelatin (PAA/Gel) network. PCNF serves as a charged nanofibrous scaffold that stabilizes PPy in water, while APS-assisted radical pretreatment reduces the apparent size of PPy-rich aggregates and yields an optically clearer conductive dispersion. The PAA/Gel matrix integrates covalent crosslinking with reversible hydrogen bonding and electrostatic interactions, enabling mechanical compliance and durable skin adhesion. The optimized hydrogel achieves >700% stretchability, 21.8 kPa skin adhesion and 2.26 S·m −1 conductivity; optical transmittance at 660 nm (2 mm thickness) decreases from 56.8% to 22.6% as PPy-PCNF loading increases. When applied as a self-adhered ECG electrode, it captures clear cardiac waveforms with signal quality comparable to commercial Ag/AgCl electrodes, enabling continuous heart-rate readout under rest and motion. Overall, this work provides a scalable dispersion-and-network strategy to unify transparency, adhesion, and electronic conduction in wearable hydrogel bioelectrodes for stable electrophysiological monitoring. Download: Download high-res image (175KB) Download: Download full-size image
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PubMed
高影响因子
npj Flexible Electronics
·
2025
·Vol. 9
·期 1
·121
·
IF 15.5
Wang Weiguang,Xu Guangyuan,Huang Kai,Ren Chuantian,Wu Yufeng,Zhou Yiqian,Cheng Zekun,Zhang Shuling,Li Hongwei,Yang Chen,Yang Lu,Xu Shibiao,Liu Yong,Lei Ming,Wu Hui
Bioelectrical signals, especially electroencephalography (EEG) and electrocardiography (ECG), are indispensable for health assessment. However, achieving high-quality signal acquisition while ensuring long-term stability remains a significant challenge in the bioelectrical electrodes. Herein, a cholinium-based eutectogel (ChCl-egel) is reported for dynamic ECG and EEG monitoring. By utilizing hydrogen bonding of deep eutectic solvents (DESs) to modulate conductivity, the ChCl-egel realizes an ultra-low skin impedance (4.7 kΩ at 10 Hz) with reliable stability. Additionally, the ChCl-egel exhibits excellent conformal contact and biocompatibility. During ECG monitoring, the ChCl-egel offers an 8 dB improvement in signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) compared to commercial ECG electrodes (3 M, Red Dot) over 48-hour period, enabling dynamic record under high-intensity exercises. In an 18-hour steady-state visual evoked potential (SSVEP) experiment, it can match the scalp impedance of commercial gel and support longer record. With high-quality dynamic monitoring capability, the ChCl-egel provides a promising solution for long-term bioelectrical signal acquisition.
研究领域:
生物医学工程
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神经工程
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可穿戴电子
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心脏病学
·
电生理学
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产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
Advanced Healthcare Materials
·
2026
·
IF 11
Rafi u Shan Ahmad,Muhammad Shehzad Khan,Mohamed Elhousseini Hilal,Junchen Liao,Feng Chuhan,Wasim Ullah Khan,Bangul Khan,Mubasher Ali,Kai Yang,Bee Luan Khoo
Electrocardiogram (ECG) monitoring is vital for the early detection of cardiovascular diseases. However, conventional electrodes are unsafe for recording ECG signals on thermally damaged skin, making it difficult to assess heart rate and other vital signs in burn patients. Therefore, this study presents a multifunctional organohydrogel-based DermalECG electrode, synthesized via a freeze-thaw process that integrates tannic acid, carboxymethyl chitosan, and galinstan liquid metal into a polyvinyl alcohol network. The DermalECG electrode exhibits exceptional biocompatibility, high electrical conductivity (1.80 S/m), remarkable mechanical strength (up to 818% strain), self-adhesion (<20 kPa), and environmental stability (−20°C–50°C). Leveraging these characteristics, it consistently records ECG signals from various skin conditions, especially burned skin and at extreme temperatures, with a high signal-to-noise ratio of ∼33 dB. As a multifunctional capability, this electrode not only monitors ECG from the burned skin but also actively accelerates burn wound healing. With fast wound healing, we achieve an 87.39% wound closure ratio within a remarkably short period of 10 days. Consequently, the unique combination of properties and functionalities of the DermalECG electrode is poised to play a significant role in advancing ECG electrodes for long-term and continuous healthcare monitoring.
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DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
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